THE FIVE FACTORS OF PERSONALITY AND INTERPERSONAL ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

influence relationship outcomes (Burhmester. Furman, Wittenberg. & Reis. 1988) For example, self-disclosure and conflict resolution skills positi\ ely impact relationship satisfaction (Noller et al, 1994, Vera & Betz, 1992) and stability (Gottman. 1993. Sprecher, 1987). Emotional support has also been positively related to satisfaction (Johnson et al., 1993) and assertion has been directly related to likability (Kern & Paquette, 1992) Although the research emphasizes the significance of these variables for relationship outcomes, it is unclear how they interact with personality variables to influence relationship quality In addition to expanding the distal and proximal contexts, Bradburv and Fincham (1988) state that researchers should pay greater attention to determining how factors in the distal and proximal contexts are related to one another and to relationship qualit\ They assert that elements in the distal context may be indirectly related to relationship satisfaction, as the proximal context mediates this relationship That is, the distal context affects satisfaction through its influence on the proximal context The individual and interpersonal factors included in this study were chosen because of their relevance to relationship satisfaction Global personality factors which influence behavioral interactions should be pertinent to satisfaction For instance, individuals who are high in agreeableness may be more likely to engage in relationship maintenance behaviors (i e , self-disclosure and conflict resolution) that positively impact satisfaction In contrast, neuroticism is likely to be negatively related to such maintenance behaviors and thus should be inversely related to satisfaction Bradbury and Fincham (1988), state that future tests of the
contextual model should examine these hnkages among the distal, proximal, and outcome variables in more detail Consistent with Baron and Kenny (1986), mediation would be supported if (a) the distal factors are related to satisfaction, (b) the distal factors are related to the proximal factors, and (c) the proximal factors are related to satisfaction The distal factors selected for inclusion in this study, the Five Factor Model of personality, have been extensively assessed, but their impact on personal relationships has not been given much attention. There is some initial evidence that highlights their importance in relationship functioning: for example, Kurdek (1993) reported that the personality traits of neuroticism and conscientiousness influence relationship quality Other researchers have examined the relationship between personality traits and interpersonal behaviors. For example, extraversion has been shown to be positively related to initiation (Simpson et al., 1993), as well as assertion and self-disclosure (Burhmester et al, 1988). Aspects of agreeableness (i e , warmth, empathy) have been positively associated with emotional support (Hill, 1991) and conflict resolution (Buhrmester et al., 1988). Although there has been little research on the role of conscientiousness in relationships, Sternberg and Soriano (1984) found a positive association between this trait and conflict resolution Bouchard, Lalonde, and Gagnon (1988) found a positive relationship between conscientiousness and assertion, and between openness and self-disclosure Neuroticism has been shown to be negatively related to several social competence behaviors, such as assertion (Olinger, Shaw, & Kuiper, 1987), conflict resolution (Bolger & Zuckerman, 1995), and emotional support (Gruen, Gwadz.
Page 1 and 2: THE FIVE FACTORS OF PERSONALITY AND
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My sincere thanks
Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT This study utilized the co
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION According to
Page 9 and 10: particular interaction episode" (p
Page 11: proximal context, which in turn aff
Page 15 and 16: Hypotheses The following hypotheses
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW This c
Page 19 and 20: experience and interpersonal intera
Page 21 and 22: stability, and (e) culture McCrae a
Page 23 and 24: samples of aduhs and children They
Page 25 and 26: personality descriptors. In the sec
Page 27 and 28: the five factors were identified in
Page 29 and 30: When creating a new scale, it is ne
Page 31 and 32: item adjective list. McCrae and Cos
Page 33 and 34: was .72 and the largest divergent c
Page 35 and 36: Another study conducted by McCrae a
Page 37 and 38: as measured by the PRF, can be view
Page 39 and 40: Longitudinal studies provide insigh
Page 41 and 42: The major weakness of this line of
Page 43 and 44: interactions, men report higher inh
Page 45 and 46: more likely to avoid initiation int
Page 47 and 48: concluded that individuals high in
Page 49 and 50: type of self-disclosure was also as
Page 51 and 52: Emotional Support Emotional support
Page 53 and 54: likely to be desired if they have t
Page 55 and 56: self-esteem, self-confidence, inter
Page 57 and 58: colored by other information about
Page 59 and 60: confederates, but more negative soc
Page 61 and 62: esults cannot be generalized to opp
Page 63 and 64:
Lloyd (1990) contacted the same cou
Page 65 and 66:
poshively related to discussing and
Page 67 and 68:
contrast, unstable couples were cha
Page 69 and 70:
Personality and Interpersonal Compe
Page 71 and 72:
partner's personaHty (e.g., extrave
Page 73 and 74:
negatively associated whh prosocial
Page 75 and 76:
ated by peers on assertiveness and
Page 77 and 78:
These results support the premise t
Page 79 and 80:
maintenance O'Brien and DeLongis (1
Page 81 and 82:
satisfaction, distal factors (persp
Page 83 and 84:
marriage and then annually for thre
Page 85 and 86:
study indicated that spouses' attri
Page 87 and 88:
Other studies have acknowledged bot
Page 89 and 90:
CHAPTER m METHOD Participants Parti
Page 91 and 92:
(steady dating=61%, engaged=9%, coh
Page 93 and 94:
Table 2. Distribution of scores for
Page 95 and 96:
elationship The hems were summed to
Page 97 and 98:
Beliefs Test (Eiedlson & Epstein, 1
Page 99 and 100:
CHAPTER IV RESULTS Preliminarv Anal
Page 101 and 102:
^ CN -.16* m .19* .29** O ON O .19*
Page 103 and 104:
Table 5 Regressions of proximal fac
Page 105 and 106:
Table 6. Regression of liking on th
Page 107 and 108:
Table 7 Regression of liking on the
Page 109 and 110:
Table 8 Hierarchical regression of
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION This study exa
Page 113 and 114:
hierarchical level (Costa & McCrae,
Page 115 and 116:
Finally, the measure of satisfactio
Page 117 and 118:
"real" me, "I told my partner about
Page 119 and 120:
For example, openness may be more c
Page 121 and 122:
examined Neuroticism was negatively
Page 123 and 124:
Future research should examine how
Page 125 and 126:
developmental theory would help us
Page 127 and 128:
Boyle, G. J (1989) Re-examination o
Page 129 and 130:
Costa, P T , iS: McCrae, R R (1985)
Page 131 and 132:
Forgas, J , Levinger, G., & Moylan,
Page 133 and 134:
Kentle, R. L (1994) An examination
Page 135 and 136:
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1989
Page 137 and 138:
Rusbuh, C. E . Johnson, D J., & Mor
Page 139 and 140:
Wildman, B. G. (1986) Perception of
Page 141 and 142:
Subject We would like you to answer
Page 143 and 144:
IF YOU ARE NOT IN A ROMANTIC RELATI
Page 145 and 146:
STRONGLY STRONGLY DISAGREE AGREE 1
Page 147 and 148:
I AM POOR I .AM EXTREMELY .AT THIS
Page 149 and 150:
Please answer the following questio
Page 151 and 152:
Next, we are interested in how your
Page 153 and 154:
NOT AT ALL EXTREMELY 1 2 3 4 5 4 Co
show all

THE FIVE FACTORS OF PERSONALITY AND INTERPERSONAL ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?