Proceedings of the Seventh Mountain Lion Workshop

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140 PROJECT CAT (COUGARS AND TEACHING): INTEGRATING SCIENCE, SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITY IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING GARY M. KOEHLER, Wildlife Research Scientist, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way N., Olympia, WA 98501 USA, email: koehlgmk@dfw.wa.gov EVELYN NELSON, Superintendent, Cle Elum-Roslyn School District, 2690 SR 903, Cle Elum, WA 98922, USA, email: Nelsone@cleelum.wednet.edu Abstract: Complaint reports of cougars (Puma concolor) venturing into urban areas, killing livestock and pets, and threatening humans have increased to more than 1,000 reports filed annually in Washington; where in the past 5 years cougars have mauled 2 children. Increased reports are coupled with human population increases of over 1 million in the past decade and an annual loss to development of over 28,000 ha of land. The rural Cle Elum-Roslyn community is experiencing similar growth and development with >5,000 ha of development and over 1,400 new homes planned, but presently with few complaints of cougars. The winter of 2002-2003 marked the beginning of the 2 nd year of an 8-year scientific investigation on cougar and ecology by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and data collection and analysis by teachers and students at Cle Elum-Roslyn School District. To date we have captured and marked with GPS collars 4 adult and 2 subadult male and 4 adult female cougars. GPS transmitter collars collect GPS coordinates at 4-hour intervals throughout the year. This data is plotted onto GIS to assess proximity to human residence, planned development, recreational centers, and to assess predation events and habitat use patterns. This investigation is used to engage students in an experiential learning activity whose focus is application of technology and learning about their ecological and social community. Students in kindergarten to senior high help collect and analyze data. Junior-Senior students in Advanced Placement Biology assist with cougar capture and marking efforts and correlate location data with GIS habitat, topographic, and human residence parameters. They will use DNA isolated from cougar scats to determine species and gender of animals depositing scats while 8 th grade students analyze scats for contents to correlate food habits with gender of cougars. Elementary students learn plant identification for plotting habitat types and learn animal track identification for reporting locations of carnivores and ungulate prey species near their residence. Students count ungulates along bus routes for longterm monitoring of prey distribution in relation to seasons and development. Students and community member conduct tests of GPS collars to assess influences of vegetative and physiographic conditions on satellite acquisition rate and accuracy. Students are assessed on their abilities to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Community members help collect data and help train students in outdoor and data collection skills. Central Washington University incorporates Project CAT objectives into training teachers. Information on ungulate habitat and cougar travel corridors is shared with community planners to incorporate into planning processes to minimize human-cougar interactions. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN LION WORKSHOP
MONITORING MOUNTAIN LIONS IN THE TUCSON MOUNTAIN DISTRICT OF SAGUARO NATIONAL PARK, ARIZONA, USING NONINVASIVE TECHNIQUES LISA HAYNES, Wild Cat and Carnivore Studies, 133 W. 2 nd St., Tucson, AZ 85705, USA, email: lynxrufus@earthlink.net DON SWANN, Saguaro National Park, 3693 S. Old Spanish Trail, Tucson, AZ 85730, USA, email: Don_Swann@nps.gov MELANIE CULVER, Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, 104 Biosciences East, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA, email: culver@ag.arizona.edu Abstract: This presentation will summarize a three-year effort to noninvasively monitor mountain lions in the Tucson Mountain District of Saguaro National Park, Arizona from 2001 through the spring of 2003. Park managers are concerned about this mountain lion population, because the Tucson Mountains are becoming surrounded by human development. The continued existence of the population is threatened due to habitat loss, potential inbreeding, and disrupted demographics. Noninvasive methods used to monitor mountain lions included track surveys, infrared-triggered cameras, and molecular genetic analysis of hair (collected from hair snares) and scat (feces). In the first two years, 2001 and 2002, we documented a total of 19 sets of mountain lion tracks found during 2 winter surveys of 30 transects and during seasonal surveys of 4 transects. From track data we determined that mountain lions are consistently detected in most areas of the park; however, preliminary evidence suggests a paucity of adult males. One of the most important aspects of this project is the opportunity for educating volunteers from the general public who participate in the track surveys. In 2002, 31 of 35 hair snares distributed throughout the park had hair deposited on them. Planned genetic analysis will determine efficacy of using hair snares and scat to obtain biological information on mountain lions. We will present additional data from the 2003 track survey and we will provide recommendations for future monitoring and research efforts. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN LION WORKSHOP 141
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface..........
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COUGAR PREDATION ON PREY IN YELLOWS
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PREFACE vii PREFACE The Wyoming Gam
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ix IN MEMORY
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2 STATUS OF MOUNTAIN LION POPULATIO
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4 STATUS OF MOUNTAIN LION POPULATIO
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CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
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8 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS R
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10 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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12 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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COLORADO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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16 COLORADO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS RE
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FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVAT
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20 FLORIDA STATUS REPORT · Lotz an
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26 IDAHO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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28 IDAHO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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30 MONTANA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
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32 NEVADA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPO
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40 NEW MEXICO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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42 NEW MEXICO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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44 SOUTH DAKOTA MOUNTAIN LION STATU
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50 TEXAS MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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52 UTAH MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPORT
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN
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WASHINGTON COUGAR STATUS REPORT RIC
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62 WASHINGTON COUGAR STATUS REPORT
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WYOMING MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPORT
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66 WYOMING MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
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72 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf F
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74 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf C
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76 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf A
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78 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf f
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80 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf b
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82 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf N
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84 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf C
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86 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf m
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88 IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF M
Page 100 and 101: 90 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhug
Page 110 and 111: 100 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhu
Page 112 and 113: 102 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhu
Page 114 and 115: 104 A CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND APPRAISA
Page 116 and 117: 106 MOUNTAIN LION MOVEMENTS AND PER
Page 118 and 119: 108 PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF FLORIDA
Page 120 and 121: 110 ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND EVO
Page 122 and 123: 112 MOUNTAIN LION BED, CACHE AND KI
Page 130 and 131: 120 EFFECT OF ROADS ON HABITAT USE
Page 132 and 133: 122 COUGAR ECOLOGY AND COUGAR-WOLF
Page 134 and 135: 124 ARE PUMAS OPPORTUNISTIC SCAVENG
Page 136 and 137: 126 COUGAR PREDATION ON PREY IN YEL
Page 138 and 139: 128 COUGAR TOTAL PREDATION RESPONSE
Page 140 and 141: 130 CHARACTERISTICS OF COUGAR HARVE
Page 146 and 147: 136 DEFINING AND DELINEATING DE FAC
Page 148 and 149: 138 MANAGEMENT OF COUGARS (PUMA CON
Page 152 and 153: 142 ESTIMATING COUGAR ABUNDANCE USI
Page 154 and 155: 144 PRESENCE AND MOVEMENTS OF LACTA
Page 156 and 157: 146 RECONCILING SCIENCE AND POLITIC
Page 158 and 159: 148 PUMA MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN NORT
Page 160 and 161: 150 MOUNTAIN LIONS AND BIGHORN SHEE
Page 162 and 163: 152 DISPERSAL IN MALE PUMAS · Laun
Page 172 and 173: 162 ASSESSING GPS RADIOTELEMETRY RE
Page 174 and 175: 164 FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF COUGARS
Page 176 and 177: 166 DEPREDATION TRENDS IN CALIFORNI
Page 178 and 179: 168 PUMA ACTIVITY AND MOVEMENTS IN
Page 180 and 181: 170 MOUNTAIN LION SURVEY TECHNIQUES
Page 182 and 183: 172 CRITICAL COUGAR CROSSING AND BA
Page 184 and 185: 174 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Chris Beld
Page 186 and 187: 176 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Steve Fitz
Page 188 and 189: 178 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Mollie Hog
Page 190 and 191: 180 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Cheryl Le
Page 192 and 193: 182 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Ryan Nelso
Page 194 and 195: 184 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Harley Sha
Page 196: 186 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Patricia W
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Proceedings of the Seventh Mountain Lion Workshop

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