Proceedings of the Seventh Mountain Lion Workshop

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82 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf North America today. Across much of the Great Plains, midwestern, and eastern portions of the continent the evidence suggests that in low densities it does. 3. Using the model of the JAGCT, a diverse but integrated Conservation Team should be formed as soon as possible to promulgate appropriate changes to the ESA (including even possible delisting) and to critically evaluate the long dormant recovery plan for cougars in the East, which requires updating to reflect recent knowledge related to the puma east of the Rocky Mountains (Tischendorf 1996b, Cardoza and Langlois 2002). 4. As mankind enters this new millennium, return of the puma to its former range in the Great Plains, Midwest, and East provides an opportunity for wildlife professionals with limited firsthand experience with large carnivores to demonstrate their expertise in scientifically and sociologically managing this relatively secretive predator on the many-faceted modern ecological interface of private and public lands, politics, and public opinion. In today’s anthropocentric world, the puma, as is the case for large carnivores everywhere, is unfortunately a victim of its own three “E’s” - its evolution, its ecology, and its ethology. Widely ranging, oblivious to human-delineated boundaries, a large and potentially dangerous predator that preys effectively and efficiently on ungulates both wild and domestic, the puma is an irrefutable, anachronistic, and controversial symbol of our primeval wild. In the end, the message that emerges today for the puma in the East is this: even at its highest densities, few people will ever see a living, wild puma. Certainly we can PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN LION WORKSHOP live without this great cat. Even more certainly, it can live without us. Enmeshed in controversy, entrenched in folklore, history, and legend, endangered across a huge portion of its historic range, the largely secretive puma presents us with the great challenge of, and the magnificent opportunity for, harmonious coexistence. Hopefully mankind will rise to this rare occasion to ensure that the puma is again a celebrated and wisely managed part of our Great Plains, midwestern, and eastern wildlife heritage. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper is dedicated to the memory of Frank C. Craighead, Jr., of Moose, Wyoming, whose life and career were an inspiration to a generation of wildlife biologists. Kerry Murphy and Randy Matchett served knowledgeably and capably as manuscript referees. A special thank you is extended to the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, coordinator and host for this Mountain Lion Workshop. LITERATURE CITED ALLARDYCE, G. 2001. On the track of the New Brunswick panther - the story of Bruce Wright and the eastern panther. Privately published, Fredericton, New Brunswick. 145 pages. ALVAREZ, K. 1993. Twilight of the panther - biology, bureaucracy, and failure in an endangered species program. Myakka River Publishing, Sarasota, FL. 501 pages. ANDERSON, A. E. 1983. A critical review of literature on puma (Felis concolor). Colorado Division of Wildlife, Denver. 91 pages. ANONYMOUS. 1948. Mountain lion killed in St. Clair County. Alabama Conservationist. April issue. Page 11. ANONYMOUS. 2002. Cougar killed in Minnesota. Page 4 in Eastern Cougar
Foundation Newsletter, winter issue. 6 pages. BAILEY. V. 1926. A biological survey of North Dakota. North American Fauna #49. Washington D. C. Pages 144-146. BERG, R. L., L. L. MCDONALD, AND M. D. STRICKLAND. 1983. Distribution of mountain lions in Wyoming as determined by mail questionnaire. Wildlife Society Bulletin 11(3):265-268. BODDICKER, M. L. 1980. Mountain lion. Prevention and control of wildlife damage. Great Plains Agricultural Council, Cooperative Extension Service, Kansas State University, Manhattan. 6 pages. BOLGIANO, C., T. LESTER, AND D. MAEHR. 2000. Field evidence of cougars in eastern North America. In L. A. Harveson, editor, Proceedings of the Sixth Mountain Lion Workshop, San Antonio, TX. In press. BOLGIANO, C. 2001. Important confirmation: Spotted cougar kitten killed in Kentucky. Pages 1-2 in Eastern Cougar Foundation Newsletter, summer issue. 6 pages. BROWN, D. E. AND C. A. LOPEZ-GONZALEZ. 2000. Search for el tigre. Defenders 75(2):8-13. BURT, W. H. AND R. P. GROSSENHEIDER. 1976. A field guide to the mammals. 3 rd edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 289 pages. CAHALANE, V. H. 1948. The status of mammals in the U. S. National Park system, 1947. Journal of Mammalogy 29(3):247-259. CAHALANE, V. H. 1964. A preliminary study of the distribution and numbers of cougar, grizzly and wolf in North America. New York Zoological Society, New York. 12 pages. CARDOZA, J. E. AND S. A. LANGLOIS. 2002. The eastern cougar: A management PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN LION WORKSHOP CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf 83 failure? Wildlife Society Bulletin 30(1):265-273. CLARK, D. W., S. C. WHITE, A. K. BOWERS, L. D. LUCIO, AND G. A. HEIDT. 2002. A survey of recent accounts of the mountain lion (Puma concolor) in Arkansas. Southeastern Naturalist 1(3):269-278. CLARKE, C. H. D. 1942. Cougar in Saskatchewan. Canadian Field- Naturalist 56(1):45. CULVER, M., W. E. JOHNSON, J. PECON- SLATTERY, AND S. J. O’BRIEN. 2000. Genomic ancestry of the American puma (Puma concolor). Journal of Heredity 91(3):186-197. CUMBERLAND, R. E. AND J. A. DEMPSEY. 1994. Recent confirmation of a cougar, Felis concolor, in New Brunswick. Canadian Field-Naturalist 108(2):224- 226. DEEMS, E. F., JR. AND D. PURSLEY, editors. 1978. North American furbearers: Their management, research and harvest status in 1976. International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, Washington, D.C. 177 pages. DOUTT, J. K. 1969. Mountain lions in Pennsylvania? American Midland Naturalist 82(1):281-285. DOWNING, R. L. 1981. The current status of the cougar in the southern Appalachian. Pages 142-151 in Proceedings of the Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Symposium, 13-14 August, Athens, GA. DOWNING, R. L. 1984. The search for cougars in the eastern United States. Cryptozoology 3:31-49. FLORIDA PANTHER INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE. 1993. Florida panthers getting a shot of fresh bloodlines. Fur- Fish-Game 90(12):10. GERSON, H. B. 1988. Cougar, Felis concolor, sightings in Ontario.
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface..........
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COUGAR PREDATION ON PREY IN YELLOWS
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PREFACE vii PREFACE The Wyoming Gam
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ix IN MEMORY
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2 STATUS OF MOUNTAIN LION POPULATIO
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4 STATUS OF MOUNTAIN LION POPULATIO
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CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
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8 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS R
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10 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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12 CALIFORNIA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
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COLORADO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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16 COLORADO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS RE
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FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVAT
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20 FLORIDA STATUS REPORT · Lotz an
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26 IDAHO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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28 IDAHO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
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30 MONTANA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
Page 42 and 43: 32 NEVADA MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPO
Page 50 and 51: 40 NEW MEXICO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
Page 52 and 53: 42 NEW MEXICO MOUNTAIN LION STATUS
Page 54 and 55: 44 SOUTH DAKOTA MOUNTAIN LION STATU
Page 60 and 61: 50 TEXAS MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPOR
Page 62 and 63: 52 UTAH MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPORT
Page 64 and 65: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH MOUNTAIN
Page 70 and 71: WASHINGTON COUGAR STATUS REPORT RIC
Page 72 and 73: 62 WASHINGTON COUGAR STATUS REPORT
Page 74 and 75: WYOMING MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REPORT
Page 76 and 77: 66 WYOMING MOUNTAIN LION STATUS REP
Page 82 and 83: 72 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf F
Page 84 and 85: 74 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf C
Page 86 and 87: 76 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf A
Page 88 and 89: 78 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf f
Page 90 and 91: 80 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf b
Page 94 and 95: 84 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf C
Page 96 and 97: 86 CRYPTIC COUGARS · Tischendorf m
Page 98 and 99: 88 IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF M
Page 100 and 101: 90 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhug
Page 110 and 111: 100 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhu
Page 112 and 113: 102 REDUCING PUMA ATTACKS · Fitzhu
Page 114 and 115: 104 A CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND APPRAISA
Page 116 and 117: 106 MOUNTAIN LION MOVEMENTS AND PER
Page 118 and 119: 108 PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF FLORIDA
Page 120 and 121: 110 ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND EVO
Page 122 and 123: 112 MOUNTAIN LION BED, CACHE AND KI
Page 130 and 131: 120 EFFECT OF ROADS ON HABITAT USE
Page 132 and 133: 122 COUGAR ECOLOGY AND COUGAR-WOLF
Page 134 and 135: 124 ARE PUMAS OPPORTUNISTIC SCAVENG
Page 136 and 137: 126 COUGAR PREDATION ON PREY IN YEL
Page 138 and 139: 128 COUGAR TOTAL PREDATION RESPONSE
Page 140 and 141: 130 CHARACTERISTICS OF COUGAR HARVE
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132 CHARACTERISTICS OF COUGAR HARVE
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134 CHARACTERISTICS OF COUGAR HARVE
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136 DEFINING AND DELINEATING DE FAC
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138 MANAGEMENT OF COUGARS (PUMA CON
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140 PROJECT CAT (COUGARS AND TEACHI
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142 ESTIMATING COUGAR ABUNDANCE USI
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144 PRESENCE AND MOVEMENTS OF LACTA
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146 RECONCILING SCIENCE AND POLITIC
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148 PUMA MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN NORT
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150 MOUNTAIN LIONS AND BIGHORN SHEE
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152 DISPERSAL IN MALE PUMAS · Laun
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162 ASSESSING GPS RADIOTELEMETRY RE
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164 FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF COUGARS
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166 DEPREDATION TRENDS IN CALIFORNI
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168 PUMA ACTIVITY AND MOVEMENTS IN
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170 MOUNTAIN LION SURVEY TECHNIQUES
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172 CRITICAL COUGAR CROSSING AND BA
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174 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Chris Beld
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176 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Steve Fitz
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178 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Mollie Hog
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180 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Cheryl Le
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182 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Ryan Nelso
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184 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Harley Sha
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186 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Patricia W
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