The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. LXXXVI, Part 1-2 ... - Khamkoo

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Siamese Mandarins on the Grand Tour, 1688-1690 had retained two Siamese hostages on withdrawing from Bangkok in 1688, and did not release them until the end of 1689 during his pointless expedition to Phuket. Writing in January or February 1692, Martin noted the arrival of a reply to Tachard's letter after the return of the two Siamese; it is true, they were carrying Tachard's letter, but the precedent for hostage-taking existed. The envoy sent from Kosa Pan, the phra khlang, to Martin in Pondicbery, . . . was a V. Pinheiro, a native of Siam but a Christian, who had been an interpreter with the gentlemen of the Mission and then with the [French] Company; the King of Siam had raised him to the rank of [blank: Ok-Iuang Worowathi] to authorize his despatch; he had two mandarins as deputies and some valets. He had been sent on the return to Ayutthaya of the Siamese whom the Rev. Fr Tachard had left in Bengal and who had subsequently proceeded thereto. These persons had been charged with a letter for the barcalon which the Rev. Fr had written, in which he noted that he was charged with a letter from the Holy Father the Pope for the late King [Narai] and another from the King [Louis XIV] for the same monarch, that they had been written before it was known that His Majesty had died, and he had kept them to hand them over to the present monarch when the occasion arose for him to travel in safety to Ayutthaya. (Martin 1934: III 185) Kosa Pan's reply was not forthcoming; the moment for Tachard' s return was not opportune. Thereafter Ok-khun Charnnan and Ok-khun Wiset pass out of history. It is not known if they met Tachard nine years later when the court at Ayutthaya finally condescended to receive the Jesuit, who presented a ten-year-old letter from Louis XN addressed to Phra Narai, dead for nearly twelve years, and, according to Vongsuravatana (1992: 190), a letter from Pope Innocent XI, similarly addressed, and who had died ten years earlier. It is to be hoped that Kosa Pan, as phra khlang, had informed Phetracha that Tachard had indicated in his letters that His Holiness had died in 1689, and the king did not make the customary enquiry about the pontiffs health. Thus, unlike the reign of King Narai which ended with an explosive change, the king's last mission to Europe fizzled out, with nothing to show for it except scattered references and a few memorabilia deposited in Vatican archives. So ended the astonishing flurry of diplomatic exchanges with the West in the seventeenth century. Notes 1 There exist seven versions of their stay in Rome . Tachard gives one in Book Eight of his Second Voyage "translated from the Italian and printed in Rome" but in which the translator, probably Tachard himself, omitted and added points, given "our taste and knowledge of the Siamese". The original Italian texts were undoubtedly those printed by Ercole; the first, dated 1688 and claimed to be a "letter written from Rome to Signor N.N.", describes in fifteen pages the arrival of the Siamese and their audience with Pope Innocent XI on 23rd December; the second, dated 1689, gives an account of eight pages listing the activities of mandarins in Rome and their farewell audience with the pope on 5th January 1689. The Vatican Library also possesses an unpublished manuscript version of the first audience. A version in German relating the first audience was published in Prague in 1689 (Audienz seiner Heiligkeit Innocentii XI, so der Tachard, Jesuiten, Und andem Gersandten des Ki:inigs in Siam dem 23 December 1688 verstattet worden. Nebst Erzehlung, was bey deren Einholung in Rom fiigegangen). There are two translations into English of the Ercole texts. The earliest, published in 1933 on the occasion of the cremation of H.R.H. Princess Dibyalankar in Bangkok, was also translated into Thai, and reprinted in Sakhon Nakhon in 1967. The second was published in 1944 in the Journal of the Thailand Research Society (the name of the Journal of the Siam Society under the wartime Phibul regime) by Rev. Fr Carretto and reprinted in 1959 in Vol VII of Selected Articles from JSS; this however appears to summarize the first Ercole text and reproduces most of the second text. 2 Reproduced in the Chronicle ofTwenty-five Years ofThai-Vatical relations (1994: 23) and reproduced here as Figure 1 with permission. 3 I must here record my gratitude to Michel Jacq Hergoualc'h for kindly checking the Mercure Galant and the memoirs of Dagneau and Sourches in the Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 86, Parts 1 & 2 117
Michael Smithies Bibliotheque Nationale for the references cited in relation to the 1688-90 Siamese mission. References Anderson, J. 1890. English Intercourse with Siam in the Seventeenth Century. London: Kegan Paul. Anonymous1688. Lettere scritta da Roma al Signor N.N. in cui si da notitia della Vdienza data da N.S. Innocenzo XI al Padre Gvido Tasciard della Compagnia di Giesv inviato dal Re di Siam, et alii Signori mandarini venuti dal medemo Regno di Siam a di 23 Decembre 1688. Rome: Domenico Antonio Ercole. Anonymous1689. Breve Ragguaglio di quanto e accaduto in Roma a Sig. Mandarini venuti co il P. Guido Tasciard della Compagnia di Giesu, inviato straordinario dal Re di Siam dopo l'Udienza havuta da N.S. Innocenzo XI. Rome: Domenico Antonio Ercole. Caretto, Rev. Fr 1944. Vatican Papers of the XVII Century. Journal of the Thailand Research Society [JSS]35 (2): 173-89. Reprinted 1959 in Selected Articles from JSS Vol. VII as Relationship [sic] with Portugal, Holland, and the Vatican. Bangkok: Siam Society, pp.177-93. Catholic Mass-Media 1994. Somosorn 25 pee Thai Vatican [Chronicle of twenty-five years of Thai-Vatican relations]. Bangkok: Assumption Press. Challe, R.1979. Journal d'un voyage fait aux Indes Orientales (1690-1691). Paris: Mercure de France. Cruysse, D. Van de 1992. Louis XIV et le Siam. Paris: Fayard. Donneau de Vize, J. 1687-1690 Mercure Galant. Paris. Donneau de Vize, J. 1985. Voyage des Ambassadeurs de Siam en France. Bangkok: Chalermnit. Forbin, C. de 1997. The Siamese Memoirs of Count Claude de Forbin 1685-1688, introduced and edited by Michael Smithies. Chiangmai: Silkworm Books. Hutchinson, E.W. 1933 The French Foreign Mission in Siam during the XVIIth Century. Journal of the Siam Society 26 (l): l-71. Lanier, L. 1883. Etude Historique sur les Relations de la France et du Royaume de Siam de 1662 a 1703. Versailles: Aubert. Launay, A. 1920. Histoire de la Mission de Siam 1662-1811. Paris: Tequi. Martin F. 1931-4. Memoires, 3 vols. Paris: Societe de l'Histoire des Colonies Fran~aises. Royal Institute 1933. Jotmaihet ruang song thut thai pai krung Rome khrang ti song nai phaendin somdet phra narai maharaj. [Chronicle concerning the despatch of a second Thai Embassy to Rome during the reign of Phra N arai the Great]. Bangkok: Royal Institute. Reprinted Sakhon Nakhon, 1967. Smithies, M. 1989. The Travels in France of the Siamese Ambassadors 1686-7. Journal of the Siam Society 77 (2): 59-70. Smithies, M. 1993. Robert Challe and Siam. Journal of the Siam Society 81 (1): 91-102. Tachard, G. (1688). Relation ou Voyage du Pere Tachard a Siam, (unpublished ms). Paris: Archives Nationales Colonies C1 24: 172r- 211v. Tachard, G. 1689. Second Voyage du Fere Tachard et des Jesuites envoyes par le Roi au Royaume de Siam. Paris: Horthemels. Vongsuravatana, R. 1992, Un Jesuite a la Cour de Siam. Paris: France-Empire. KEYWORDS-SIAM, THAILAND, FRANCE, EMBASSY, 17TH CENTURY, KING NARAI, LOUIS XIV 118 Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 86, Parts I & 2
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The Journal of the Siam Society
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The Journal of the Siam Society Vol
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EDITORIAL This volume brings to a c
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Andrew Turton called an 'interloper
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Andrew Turton Richardson had made m
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Andrew Turton or trade missions. Th
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Andrew Turton that he was offered m
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Andrew Turton and pushed on his pri
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Andrew Turton histories, religions,
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THE ORIGIN OF THE SEK: IMPLICATIONS
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The origin of the Sek: implications
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) The origin of the Sek: implicatio
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LUE ETHNICITY IN NATIONAL CONTEXT:
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Lue ethnicity in national context c
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Lue ethnicity in national context p
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Lue ethnicity in national context c
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Lue ethnicity in national context d
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Lue ethnicity in national context t
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Lue ethnicity in national context N
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Pierre Le Roux 0 100 200 300 Kilome
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Recent Mani settlements in Satun Pr
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Bernard K. Ma loney - I I ' \ I - '
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Bernard K. Maloney As at Hoabinhian
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Bernard K. Maloney more than 4,000
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Bernard K. Maloney pollen reappeare
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THAI LITERATURE AS REFLECTED IN WES
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Thai literature as reflected in Wes
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ROUND-NUMBER RECKONING IN THAI FOR
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Round-number reckoning in Thai for
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Round-number reckoning in Thai for
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A Trang cave text of 1614 AD Figure
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THE WORK OF GEORGE C
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The work of George Credes: views of
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COMMENTS ON CHRISTIAN BAUER'S 'THE
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REVIEWS Thailand's Boom and Bust Pa
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Reviews in recent years like Bantea
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Reviews But the book under review i
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Reviews evidence reveals a diversit
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OBITUARY ACHILLE CLARAC Older Thais
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Notes for contributors to the Journ
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BACK ISSUES I &2 =two parts publi s
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OLD PHUKET. Introduction by H.E. Ge
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ERRATA FORJSS 85,1997 Two engraved
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