The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. XLIV, Part 1-2, 1956 - Khamkoo
The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. XLIV, Part 1-2, 1956 - Khamkoo
The Journal of the Siam Society Vol. XLIV, Part 1-2, 1956 - Khamkoo
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'lf:i<br />
Charles Nelson Spinks<br />
By <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 17th century .Japanese trade with<br />
<strong>Siam</strong> had grown to substantial proportions and was largely in <strong>the</strong><br />
hands <strong>of</strong> merchants who r.eceived special licenses from <strong>the</strong> Shogunate,<br />
<strong>the</strong> famous Red Seal Documents, or 8htf.injo ( ;ju~p~ ).<br />
:From <strong>the</strong><br />
early part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Keichi:, ( J!-k.) era (1596-1614) until <strong>the</strong> Japanese<br />
were prohibited from going nbroacl by <strong>the</strong> decrees <strong>of</strong> 1638, <strong>the</strong> socalled<br />
Shttinsen ( ;J;..~f.ftjj ), or Red Seal Ships, made some 182<br />
voyages for which records exist. Of this total, 37 licenses were<br />
issued to ships making trading expeditions to Siarn, 13 to Annam,<br />
26 .to Champa, 11 to Tongking, 23 to Cambodia ann 5 to Pattani. In<br />
his Shuinsen Boeki Shi ( ;J
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