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4.2.3 environmental model
This paragraph explains main functions of the environmental modelling tool (“T-Env”), bringing
into account to the outcomes of transport functional allocation of traffic and specific calculation
parameters needed to estimate emissions by road and rail: framework of truck fleets according to
the “Euro classes”, truck-train loading equivalence, energy mix for rail traction, etc.
It is untdertaken the operational relevance of “Corinair Copert 4 – step 5” elaboration, which is
the technical benchmark, used at european level, from which to calculate the unit measurement
of emissions per vehicle typologies, average speed and “Euro classes”.
The T. env model allows to evaluate the
relationship between demand and supply of
freight transport, considering the effects upon
the environment. Specificallly, the model allows
the evaluation of the emissions both at a local
(single track) and at a wider level (the whole
corridor involved from the selected Pilot Project).
The inputs of the emission model are:
In order to meet the project’s goals, the level
of emissions have been evaluated for each single
directional link relation for the emissions of
the (main) vehicles responsible of atmospheric
pollution (NOx, PM10, ecc) and gases (CO2),
transport energy consumptions (fuel, gas oil,
GPL).
• outcomes of the transport model, in terms of allocation of traffic flows (vehicles/h);
• composition of the vehicles flow (trucks), in Euro classes;
• length of the road and rail involved by the pilot project (km)
• average speed in the road sections involved by the pilot project
• emission factors (expressed in g/lt or g/km or g/Kwh)
The outputs are:
• Evaluation of consumptions and emissions (CO2, NOx, PM10), in the specific matter of
Transitects Project the evaluation concerns the single TEU.
• The estimation of emissions and consumptions is done through the algorithm of the model
CORINAIR- COPERT IV – step 5
This algorithm consents the estimation of emissions from road transport, in relationship to defined
units of measurement, according typologies, load and “euro classes” of vehicle, the average
speed and traffic conditions.
In the Transitects Project, the model CORINAIR- COPERT IV – step 5 is applied to define the
standard operational activities for heavy vehicles, referring the selected routes, involved by the
pilot projects.
Where:
The overall emissions are calculated as follows:
Eij = Σj (FCJ x EFij)
Eij: the emissions of the pollutant elements “i”
deriving from the category of vehicles “j” (g polluters)
fC j
: consumptions of the vehicles per category “j” (fuels kg)
EFij: the consumption per emissions factor
with respect to the typology of vehicle (g / kg of fuel)
Where I = Co 2
, no x
, Pm10.
• loading factors (average loading rate).
The first input, in particular the activity consisting in the estimation of the “composition of the
vehicole fleet”, represent a basic parameter for the right calculation of the emissions.
88 transitects – final report
CalCulating the environmental effeCts of pilot ConneCtions
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