Principles of Community Engagement (Second Edition)

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mobilization, constituency building, community psychology, and cultural influences The art comes from the understanding, skill, and sensitivity used to apply and adapt the science in ways that fit the community of interest and the purposes of specific engagement efforts The results of these efforts may be defined differently and can encompass a broad range of structures (e g , coalitions, partnerships, collaborations), but they all fall under the general rubric of community engagement and are treated similarly in this primer This primer can serve as a guide for understanding the principles of community engagement for those who are developing or implementing a community engagement plan, or it can be a resource for students or faculty Community processes can be complex and labor-intensive, and they require dedicated resources such as time, funding, and people with the necessary skills Leaders everywhere are struggling with how to make the right choices as they try to improve health care services and promote individual and population health Readers of this primer may find that a fuller understanding of community engagement will facilitate and promote its use and thus advance the health of all of our communities ORGANIZATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT The first of this primer’s eight chapters reviews organizing concepts, models, and frameworks from the literature, and the second chapter introduces the principles of community engagement, which are rooted in that literature As in the first edition, one chapter contains a series of community case examples (Chapter 3) taken from the literature on community engagement that link to the principles described in Chapter 2 Chapter 4 describes how to manage organizational support for community engagement; this chapter reflects our growing awareness of the challenges of putting community engagement into practice Chapter 5 addresses the increased interest in community-engaged research, and Chapter 6 deals with the rapidly changing world of social networking Chapter 7 deals with evaluation, and Chapter 8 offers a brief summary and closing remarks This primer was written as an integrated whole, with later chapters building on those that come before Even so, the chapters can also stand alone and be used as needed This is by intention, as we wish to meet the needs of our diverse audiences We hope that whoever uses Principles (Second Edition) finds it helpful in assisting their efforts to engage communities xvii
REFERENCES Ahmed SM, Palermo AG Community engagement in research: frameworks for education and peer review American Journal of Public Health 2010;100(8):1380-1387 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic diseases. The power to prevent, the call to control: at a glance 2009. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2009 Retrieved from http://www cdc gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/AAG/pdf/chronic pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Obesity trends among U.S. adults between 1985 and 2009. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2010 Retrieved from http://www cdc gov/obesity/downloads/ obesity_trends_2009 pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Principles of community engagement (1st ed ) Atlanta (GA): CDC/ATSDR Committee on Community Engagement; 1997 Minkler M, Wallerstein N The growing support for CBPR In: Minkler M, Wallerstein N (editors) Community-based participatory research for health: from process to outcomes (2nd ed , p 544) San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008 xviii
Page 1 and 2: PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS CTSA Community En
Page 5 and 6: Editorial and Research Staff Mina S
Page 7 and 8: For further information on the CTSA
Page 9 and 10: FOREWORD As Surgeon General, I am p
Page 11 and 12: Executive Summary
Page 13: of Veterans Affairs, and other fede
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Community Engagement: Def
Page 19 and 20: clinics, agencies, after-school pro
Page 21 and 22: The eligibility criteria that scien
Page 23 and 24: 2 Design and delivery—Improvement
Page 25 and 26: There is no question that culture a
Page 27 and 28: oot causes of problems while at the
Page 29 and 30: • Know the community, its constit
Page 31 and 32: • Coalitions require that each pa
Page 33 and 34: studies demonstrate that IRBs gener
Page 35 and 36: action at those levels This approac
Page 37 and 38: • S o c i e t y : Advocate for th
Page 39 and 40: According to Rogers, the characteri
Page 41 and 42: is the added value of CBPR to the r
Page 43 and 44: • It is important to understand c
Page 45 and 46: Butterfoss FD, Kegler MC (2002) Tow
Page 47 and 48: Flicker S, Travers R, Guta A, McDon
Page 49 and 50: Jones MR, Horner RD, Edwards LJ, Ho
Page 51 and 52: Minkler M Community organizing and
Page 53 and 54: Shore N Community-based participato
Page 55 and 56: Yale Center for Clinical Investigat
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 2 Principles of Community E
Page 59 and 60: • Ask community members to specif
Page 61 and 62: trust for a true partnership Such m
Page 63 and 64: that affect health and health dispa
Page 65 and 66:
difference in the health of the pop
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Chapter 3 Successful Examples in th
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59 TABLE 3.1. MATRIX OF CASE EXAMPL
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a mission statement written in the
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2. HEALTH-E-AME Background: The Med
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3. PROJECT SUGAR Background: Gullah
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Websites http://academicdepartments
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of the community context, developme
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5. HEALING OF THE CANOE Background:
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6. FORMANDO NUESTRO FUTURO/SHAPING
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7. IMPROVING AMERICAN INDIAN CANCER
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and the mistreatment of some Americ
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access to resources for healthy eat
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9. THE DENTAL PRACTICE-BASED RESEAR
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10. DIABETES EDUCATION & PREVENTION
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11. PROJECT DULCE Background: Diabe
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References Gilmer TP, Philis-Tsimik
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milestones in child development, ch
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Chapter 4 Managing Organizational S
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engagement is not limited to coalit
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Practice Element 1: Know the Commun
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each capacity component for this pr
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REFERENCES Butterfoss FD. Coalition
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Table 4.1. Know the Community, Its
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Table 4.3. Build and Sustain Networ
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Challenges in Improving Community E
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ecommended public health practices
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community setting can be just as ri
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These challenges do not compare, ho
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halted its efforts to collect data
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mechanisms for communication, the c
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The researchers and the community b
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Horn K, McGloin T, Dino G, Manzo K,
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Take-Home Messages • Be explicit
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At meetings of the CAB, decisions w
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3. WORKING WITH NONTRADITIONAL COMM
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B. How do you engage a state as a c
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to those applying for funds The eva
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4. INITIATING A PROJECT WITH A COMM
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B. How do you set up and maintain a
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References Blumenthal DS A communit
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parties grew frustrated The partner
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5. O VERCOMING COMPETING PRIORITIES
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Reference Reifsnider E, Hargraves M
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Take-Home Messages • “Splitting
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Although the CTSA sites in the Bost
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Chapter 6 The Value of Social Netwo
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Social networks can also play an im
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engagement effort, relationships mu
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engagement Furthermore, social medi
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REFERENCES Arthur T The role of soc
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Program Evaluation and Evaluating C
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approaches to evaluation that are p
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Several institutions have identifie
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Planning Defining and identifying s
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Once the positive outcome of a prog
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The major goal of empowerment evalu
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Table 7.1. Types of Evaluation Ques
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The evaluation of community engagem
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for understanding a community and i
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REFERENCES Anderson RM, Funnell MM,
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Patton MQ Qualitative evaluation an
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Chapter 8 Summary Donna Jo McCloske
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• Know the extent to which the fo
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Appendix A: Acronyms
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CDC Centers for Disease Control and
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NIH Publication No. 11-7782
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