Principles of Community Engagement (Second Edition)

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The success of this collaboration led to the expansion of HAAF to investigate other health issues, including preterm delivery, mental health, diabetes, asthma, and kidney disease, as well as to look at various women’s health projects. 4. THE COMMUNITY HEALTH IMPROVEMENT COLLABORATIVE (CHIC): BUILDING AN ACADEMIC COMMUNITY PARTNERED NETWORK FOR CLINICAL SERVICES RESEARCH Background: In 1992, CDC funded Healthy African American Families (HAAF) to study the reasons for high rates of low birth weight and infant mortality among African Americans in Los Angeles The success of this collaboration led to the expansion of HAAF to investigate other health issues, including preterm delivery, mental health, diabetes, asthma, and kidney disease, as well as to look at various women’s health projects The academic component of HAAF evolved into the development of a research infrastructure, the Los Angeles Community Health Improvement Collaborative (CHIC) The purpose of CHIC was to encourage shared strategies, partnerships, and resources to support rigorous, community-engaged health services research within Los Angeles that was designed to reduce health disparities Partners in the collaborative were the RAND Health Program; the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), branch of the Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program at the David Geffen School of Medicine; the UCLA Family Medicine Research Center; three NIH centers (at UCLA, RAND, and Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science); the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services; the Los Angeles Unified School District; the Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Health Care System; Community Clinical Association of Los Angeles County; HAAF; and QueensCare Health and Faith Partnership Methods: A CBPR approach using the principles of community engagement was employed to develop a community-academic council to coordinate the efforts of several research and training programs housed at three academic institutions Results: The conceptual framework developed for CHIC emphasizes the use of community engagement to integrate community and academic perspectives and develop programs that address the health priorities of communities while building the capacity of the partnership Priorities for developing the research infrastructure included enhanced public participation in research, assessment 68
of the community context, development of health information technology, and initiation of practical trial designs Key challenges to addressing those priorities included (1) obtaining funding for community partners; (2) modify- ing evidence-based programs for underserved communities; (3) addressing diverse community priorities; (4) achieving the scale and obtaining the data needed for evaluation; (5) accommodating competing needs of community and academic partners; and (6) communicating effectively, given different expectations among partners Comments: With strong leadership and collaboration based on the principles of community engagement, it is feasible to develop an infrastructure that supports community engagement in clinical services research through collaboration across NIH centers and the sharing of responsibilities for infrastructure development, conceptual frameworks, and pilot studies Applications of Principles of Community Engagement: Interventions developed by CHIC are designed to meet research standards for effectiveness and community standards for validity and cultural sensitivity The engagement process of first forming the partnership between the convening academic researchers and the community organizations and then deciding on health priorities together demonstrates Principle 5, and knowledge of community needs demonstrates Principle 2 Community participation demonstrates Principle 3, and the convener’s flexibility in meeting the needs of the community demonstrates Principle 8 After four tracer conditions were established (depression, violence, diabetes, and obesity), the CHIC presented four areas for development of research capacity in line with several of the community engagement principles: public participation in all phases of research (Principle 5), understanding community and organizational context for clinical services interventions (Principles 2 and 3), practical methods for clinical services trials (Principle 8), and advancing health information technology for clinical services research (Principle 7) References Jones L, Wells K Strategies for academic and clinician engagement in community-participatory partnered research JAMA 2007;297(4):407-410 69
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PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CTSA Community En
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Editorial and Research Staff Mina S
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For further information on the CTSA
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FOREWORD As Surgeon General, I am p
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Executive Summary
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of Veterans Affairs, and other fede
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REFERENCES Ahmed SM, Palermo AG Com
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Chapter 1 Community Engagement: Def
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clinics, agencies, after-school pro
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The eligibility criteria that scien
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2 Design and delivery—Improvement
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There is no question that culture a
Page 27 and 28: oot causes of problems while at the
Page 29 and 30: • Know the community, its constit
Page 31 and 32: • Coalitions require that each pa
Page 33 and 34: studies demonstrate that IRBs gener
Page 35 and 36: action at those levels This approac
Page 37 and 38: • S o c i e t y : Advocate for th
Page 39 and 40: According to Rogers, the characteri
Page 41 and 42: is the added value of CBPR to the r
Page 43 and 44: • It is important to understand c
Page 45 and 46: Butterfoss FD, Kegler MC (2002) Tow
Page 47 and 48: Flicker S, Travers R, Guta A, McDon
Page 49 and 50: Jones MR, Horner RD, Edwards LJ, Ho
Page 51 and 52: Minkler M Community organizing and
Page 53 and 54: Shore N Community-based participato
Page 55 and 56: Yale Center for Clinical Investigat
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 2 Principles of Community E
Page 59 and 60: • Ask community members to specif
Page 61 and 62: trust for a true partnership Such m
Page 63 and 64: that affect health and health dispa
Page 65 and 66: difference in the health of the pop
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 3 Successful Examples in th
Page 69 and 70: 59 TABLE 3.1. MATRIX OF CASE EXAMPL
Page 71 and 72: a mission statement written in the
Page 73 and 74: 2. HEALTH-E-AME Background: The Med
Page 75 and 76: 3. PROJECT SUGAR Background: Gullah
Page 77: Websites http://academicdepartments
Page 81 and 82: 5. HEALING OF THE CANOE Background:
Page 83 and 84: 6. FORMANDO NUESTRO FUTURO/SHAPING
Page 85 and 86: 7. IMPROVING AMERICAN INDIAN CANCER
Page 87 and 88: and the mistreatment of some Americ
Page 89 and 90: access to resources for healthy eat
Page 91 and 92: 9. THE DENTAL PRACTICE-BASED RESEAR
Page 93 and 94: 10. DIABETES EDUCATION & PREVENTION
Page 95 and 96: 11. PROJECT DULCE Background: Diabe
Page 97 and 98: References Gilmer TP, Philis-Tsimik
Page 99 and 100: milestones in child development, ch
Page 101 and 102: Chapter 4 Managing Organizational S
Page 103 and 104: engagement is not limited to coalit
Page 105 and 106: Practice Element 1: Know the Commun
Page 107 and 108: each capacity component for this pr
Page 109 and 110: REFERENCES Butterfoss FD. Coalition
Page 111 and 112: Table 4.1. Know the Community, Its
Page 113 and 114: Table 4.3. Build and Sustain Networ
Page 115 and 116: Challenges in Improving Community E
Page 117 and 118: ecommended public health practices
Page 119 and 120: community setting can be just as ri
Page 121 and 122: These challenges do not compare, ho
Page 123 and 124: halted its efforts to collect data
Page 125 and 126: mechanisms for communication, the c
Page 127 and 128: The researchers and the community b
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Horn K, McGloin T, Dino G, Manzo K,
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Take-Home Messages • Be explicit
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At meetings of the CAB, decisions w
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3. WORKING WITH NONTRADITIONAL COMM
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B. How do you engage a state as a c
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to those applying for funds The eva
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4. INITIATING A PROJECT WITH A COMM
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B. How do you set up and maintain a
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References Blumenthal DS A communit
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parties grew frustrated The partner
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5. O VERCOMING COMPETING PRIORITIES
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Reference Reifsnider E, Hargraves M
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Take-Home Messages • “Splitting
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Although the CTSA sites in the Bost
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Chapter 6 The Value of Social Netwo
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Social networks can also play an im
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engagement effort, relationships mu
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engagement Furthermore, social medi
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REFERENCES Arthur T The role of soc
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Program Evaluation and Evaluating C
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approaches to evaluation that are p
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Several institutions have identifie
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Planning Defining and identifying s
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Once the positive outcome of a prog
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The major goal of empowerment evalu
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Table 7.1. Types of Evaluation Ques
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The evaluation of community engagem
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for understanding a community and i
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REFERENCES Anderson RM, Funnell MM,
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Patton MQ Qualitative evaluation an
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Chapter 8 Summary Donna Jo McCloske
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• Know the extent to which the fo
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Appendix A: Acronyms
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CDC Centers for Disease Control and
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NIH Publication No. 11-7782
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