Technical Development of Waste Sector in Sweden: Survey

More documents

Recommendations

Info

MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES RESEARCH other Glass 0,2% other plastics 0,9% other metal 0,9% Textiles 2,3% Wood 0,5% other combustible 4,2% other 4,6% Hazardous waste 3.6% RVF (2005) 4.3 Integrated Waste Management System (IWMS) Ever since urbanization process, waste has been of enormous concern (Ludwing et al., 2003, p6) although during the same period, the management practices have been established. Solid waste management is considered on its generation, on-site storage, collection, transfer, transportation, processing and recovery, and ultimate disposal of wastes (Pichtel, 2005, p12) and is inextricably linked with economical, ecological and social issues (Ludwing et al., 2003, p2). Thus involving a diverse stakeholder from different levels of society taking part in waste management programme for a particular area, such as government, local authority, NGO’s, producers, consumers, technical experts etc. Ideally waste management system is to reduce or avoid waste generation by developing or changing production systems and least preferable to manage by disposing waste in landfill. As waste reduction or recycling has lower environmental impact (Björklund and Finnveden, 2005) and Landfill or disposal has higher environmental potential impacts, comparison of waste recycling (Figure 5), with waste management hierarchy shows the least and most preferable conditions. Most Preferred Figure 5: Waste Management Hierarchy (Jaspers, 2003) Least Preferred KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HÖGSKOLAN 16 | Page
MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES RESEARCH EU waste policy is based on the waste hierarchy concept (European Commission, 2005) preference. Therefore, the primary focus of waste management system is to prevent or reduce waste. The waste that cannot be prevented or reduced should be recycled, re-used or recovered as much as possible. The waste that cannot be recycled or re-used should be treated by advanced waste treatment technologies and the rest of the waste should be managed by Landfill. Efficient product design initiative is trying to reduce harmful substance for the manufacture process. The more that waste can be recycled or reused, its position will move to the top of the hierarchy. Integrated Waste Management Systems strategy (IWMS) is more applied across the world because IWMS promotes sustainable waste management by applying different techniques and at the same time, provide an option to recover resource and energy from the waste stream. IWMS has been considered extensively due to the higher resource recovery rate and potential least environmental impacts from the waste management system. IWMS includes waste sorting, resource recovery, recycling, advance treatment for energy recovery from the waste and disposal of the final residues (Feo et al., 2003). Figure 6: Integrated waste management system (Feo et al., 2003) Figure 6 shows the integrated waste management system where electricity is produced from gasification or incineration processes and recycling of the waste has been done early of the waste treatment to maximize the resource recovery and final disposal goes to the landfill site. KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HÖGSKOLAN 17 | Page
Page 1 and 2: KTH Architecture and the Built Envi
Page 3 and 4: MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
Page 23: MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
Page 75 and 76:
MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
show all

Technical Development of Waste Sector in Sweden: Survey

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?