Technical Development of Waste Sector in Sweden: Survey
Technical Development of Waste Sector in Sweden: Survey
Technical Development of Waste Sector in Sweden: Survey
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MASTER’S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES RESEARCH<br />
Carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane form the primary components <strong>of</strong> syngas.<br />
Figure 10: Flow diagram <strong>of</strong> P-G <strong>of</strong> MSW (Alternative Resources Inc., 2007)<br />
Pyrolysis-Gasification is not a new technology, however, the process has been used for MSW very<br />
recently (Saft, 2007), (McKay, 2004), (Malkow, 2004). Coal gasification was used s<strong>in</strong>ce the early<br />
1800s to produce town gas and the first four-stroke eng<strong>in</strong>e was run on producer gas <strong>in</strong> 1876 (wheeler<br />
& Rome, 2002). Gasification technology is by no means a new technology, <strong>in</strong> 1850s, most <strong>of</strong> the city<br />
<strong>of</strong> London was illum<strong>in</strong>ated by ‘‘town gas’’ produced from the gasification <strong>of</strong> coal (Feo et al., 2003).<br />
Many studies have been conducted to analyze the environmental performance and some studies on<br />
the processes have been done by Malkow (2004), Feo et al. (2003), Khoo (2009), Horst et al., (2008),<br />
Saft (2007), Choi et al. (2006), Morris and Waldheim (1998), Cherub<strong>in</strong>i et al., (2008). Potential<br />
environmental impact from the Pyrolysis-Gasification <strong>of</strong> MSW has been analyzed by the LCA<br />
model, while a comparative study <strong>of</strong> Pyrolysis-Gasification process with <strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eration have also been<br />
done to analyze overall performance <strong>of</strong> the emerg<strong>in</strong>g technology.<br />
4.7 Life Cycle Assessment <strong>of</strong> Municipal Solid <strong>Waste</strong><br />
Over the time <strong>in</strong> waste management sector, various models (Morrissey & Browne, 2004) have been<br />
developed to be considered as prime decision support tools. In the end <strong>of</strong> the 1960’s waste<br />
management model had started its journey with computerized waste plann<strong>in</strong>g model (Björklund,<br />
KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HÖGSKOLAN<br />
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