RACIST VIOLENCE IN 15 EU MEMBER STATES - Cospe

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RACIST VIOLENCE IN 15 EU MEMBER STATES - A Comparative Overview of Findings from the RAXEN NFP Reports 2001-2004 The wave of popular support for Pim Fortuyn is reflected in a 'Report on Ethnic Minority Integration Policy for 2003' that was published by the Lower House of government and reported in RAXEN 4. According to this survey, large percentages of native Dutch people express negative views about multicultural society in the Netherlands. Looking at the same report's assessment of negative attitudes towards ethnic minorities in the period 1991-2002, RAXEN 4 asserts that this evidence indicates a steady deterioration in majority attitudes towards ethnic minorities in the Netherlands (although these findings have to be cautiously read as they only relate to what people think and not what they do - as with regard to racist violence). The upsurge in racist violence and sentiments following the murder of controversial filmmaker Theo van Gogh by a Muslim assailant, in November 2004, (see footnote on previous page)clearly illustrates that violent racism can be readily sparked by individual local incidents, which in turn are a reflection of wider global conflicts. According to RAXEN 5, the majority of violent incidents in the wake of van Gogh’s murder were against ‘Muslim’ targets (106 cases were identified as anti-Muslim) – including schools and mosques – but there were also a number of incidents against ‘native Dutch’ targets (34 cases) – mainly churches. Van Gogh’s murder and the reaction to his murder, in terms of both attitudes and actions, deeply shocked Dutch society, which has typically been held up as a model of successful multiculturalism. 13.2. MAJOR DATA COLLECTION MECHANISMS ON RACIST VIOLENCE See 2.2 for outline of national legislation. 13.2.1. Legislation • There are no specific statutory provisions for racial violence. Violent racist incidents are punishable as violent offences under Dutch criminal law. • The Penal Code includes a number of articles that prohibit different forms of discrimination, including: Article 137d, which makes incitement to hatred a punishable crime; Article 137e, which forbids the spreading of discriminatory utterances and, since 1992, also includes the unsolicited receipt of discriminatory publications. 116
RACIST VIOLENCE IN 15 EU MEMBER STATES - A Comparative Overview of Findings from the RAXEN NFP Reports 2001-2004 13.2.2. Official data Board of Procurators General • Issues instructions and guidelines to improve the investigation and prosecution of cases involving discrimination. • The most recent instructions became effective on 1st April 2003. • According to the instructions, all reports and complaints concerning discrimination should be recorded by the police, and the police are to periodically report cases of discrimination that have come to their attention to the public prosecutor. Dutch Intelligence Service/Police • The Dutch Intelligence Service asks the country's 25 police regions to collect data on racial violence and violence incited by the extreme right. • Data is gathered in a specific standardised format. • Data is passed on to the Dutch Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia for analysis. National Discrimination Expertise Centre (LECD) • Part of the Public Prosecution Service. • The LECD is tasked, amongst other things, with creating a central registry of discrimination cases - including racist crime. • Produces reports based on a compilation of figures for criminal enforcement of cases of discrimination. • Information obtained via: (1) COMPAS, the automated judicial registration system, and (2) information retrieved from case files, which is requested from district public prosecutors' offices. 13.2.3. Semi-official data The Dutch Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (DUMC) • The Centre is a joint operation by four institutions: (1) The Anne Frank House; (2) The National Bureau against Racial Discrimination (LBR); (3) The National Association of Anti-Discrimination Bureaus and Agencies; (4) The University of Leiden. • Since 1996, the DUMC has undertaken a research project and produced reports on 'Monitoring Racism and the Extreme Right'. The reports contain information about the nature and extent of the phenomenon of racist violence and violence by the extreme right in the Netherlands, and are based on data by the Dutch Intelligence Service/Police. 117
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RACIST VIOLENCE IN 15 EU MEMBER STATES - Cospe

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