Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Figure 4-36 – Weld detail used to join a carbon steel elbow (bottom) to a weld overlaid pipe section (top) in high pressure wet H2S service. Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) occurred along the toe of the weld (arrow), in a narrow zone of high hardness.
Figure 4-37 – High magnification photomicrograph of SSC in pipe section shown in Figure 4-36.
Page 1:
Section 6: Selected Applications &
Page 5 and 6:
6.11: Casting 6.12: Inspection of b
Page 7 and 8:
6.1.1 Casting Defects & Discontinui
Page 9 and 10:
Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 11 and 12:
Casting Defects & Discontinuities
Page 13 and 14: Casting Defects & Discontinuities
Page 15 and 16: Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 31 and 32: Processing Defects & Discontinuitie
Page 39: 6.1.3 Welding Defects & Discontinui
Page 42 and 43: Welding Defects & Discontinuities
Page 48 and 49: Welding Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 60 and 61: Service Induced Defects & Discontin
Page 62 and 63: Figure 4-24 - In a carbon steel sam
Page 66 and 67: Figure 4-38 - Failure of DMW joinin
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4-58 - Cross-sectional view
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
Page 72 and 73: Figure 5-46 - Overhead interstage k
Page 74 and 75: Figure 5-48 - Metallographic sample
Page 76 and 77: 6.2: Rail Inspection
Page 78 and 79: The need for a better inspection me
Page 80 and 81: Transverse Fissure
Page 82 and 83: One of the methods used to inspect
Page 84 and 85: Techniques: Examples of axles with
Page 86 and 87: 6.3: Weldments (Welded Joints)
Page 88 and 89: UT of Weldments (Welded Joints) F s
Page 90 and 91: Flaw Detection- Depth Determination
Page 92 and 93: T = Plate Thickness ϴ = Shear wave
Page 94 and 95: Flaw Detection- Triangulations of r
Page 96: To determine the proper scanning ar
Page 99 and 100: Expert at works
Page 101 and 102: Typically scanning patterns
Page 103 and 104: Weld Scanning
Page 105 and 106: Weld Scanning
Page 107 and 108: Echo Dynamic- Position of Defects
Page 109 and 110: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 111 and 112: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 113 and 114: Practice Makes Perfect 52. One of t
Page 115 and 116:
6.4: Pipe & Tube
Page 117 and 118:
Pipe & Tube
Page 119 and 120:
Pipe Scanning
Page 121 and 122:
Pipe Scanning 48.59 o max 30 o max
Page 123 and 124:
Pipe Scanning
Page 125 and 126:
Pipe Scanning- thickness/OD ratio W
Page 127 and 128:
Pipe Scanning- Contact Methods
Page 129 and 130:
Q: Calculate the maximum shear wave
Page 131 and 132:
Q35: During immersion testing of pi
Page 133 and 134:
6.5: Echo Dynamic
Page 135 and 136:
6.5.1 Basic echodynamic pattern of
Page 137 and 138:
C.1 Pattern 1 Point-like reflector
Page 139 and 140:
C.2 Pattern 2 Extended (elongated)
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
C.3 Pattern 3a Extended (elongated)
Page 147 and 148:
C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
Page 149 and 150:
C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
Page 151 and 152:
C.4 Pattern 4 Multiple reflector re
Page 153 and 154:
Echodynamic- Change of echo height
Page 155 and 156:
Break Time
Page 157 and 158:
Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Flaw
Page 159 and 160:
Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Impr
Page 161 and 162:
Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Refl
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
Page 169 and 170:
Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
Page 171 and 172:
Echo Dynamic- Root Concavity
Page 173 and 174:
Echo Dynamic
Page 175 and 176:
Echo Dynamic
Page 177 and 178:
Echo Dynamic- Broad indication with
Page 179 and 180:
Echo Dynamic
Page 181 and 182:
Echo Dynamic The echo response from
Page 183 and 184:
Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
Page 185 and 186:
Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
Page 187 and 188:
Q183. In immersion testing, irrelev
Page 189 and 190:
Q46. Which best describes a typical
Page 191 and 192:
6.6: Technique Sheets
Page 193 and 194:
Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
Page 195 and 196:
Physical Dimension
Page 197 and 198:
Physical Dimension
Page 199 and 200:
Reporting: Scanning Report - Top of
Page 201 and 202:
Mock-Up
Page 203 and 204:
Mock-Up
Page 205 and 206:
Mock-Up
Page 207 and 208:
Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
Page 209 and 210:
Pitch and Catch Methods- Set-up
Page 211 and 212:
6.7: Material Properties- Elastic M
Page 213 and 214:
6.7.2 The attenuation method The at
Page 215 and 216:
6.7.3 Velocity Measurements Velocit
Page 217 and 218:
Elastic Modulus Measurement - Young
Page 219 and 220:
These basic material properties, wh
Page 221 and 222:
Equipment: The velocity measurement
Page 223 and 224:
Testing Procedure: Equipment Used.
Page 225 and 226:
Velocity & Equations Poisson Ratio
Page 227 and 228:
6.8: High Temperature Ultrasonic Te
Page 229 and 230:
1.0 Background: Although most ultra
Page 231 and 232:
Temperature Limitation: Conventiona
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
敦煌大漠美食 -50 度火
Page 239 and 240:
2.0 Methods used for H.Temperature
Page 241 and 242:
For precision thickness gauging app
Page 243 and 244:
(1b) Flaw detection As in high temp
Page 245 and 246:
2.2 High Temperature Couplants Most
Page 247 and 248:
Keyword: Note that normal incidence
Page 249 and 250:
As a general rule, if the outer cas
Page 251 and 252:
2.4 Equipment Functions Freeze Func
Page 253 and 254:
Keyword: ■ ■ Velocity change of
Page 255 and 256:
3.3 Increased Attenuation: Sound at
Page 257 and 258:
3.4 Angular Variation in Wedges: Wi
Page 259:
6.9: Dimension-Measurement Applicat
Page 263 and 264:
6.9.2 Thickness measurements are ma
Page 265 and 266:
6.9.3 Position measurements Positio
Page 267 and 268:
Fig. 60 Method of determining corre
Page 269 and 270:
Fig. 61 Setup for determining the p
Page 271 and 272:
6.10: In-Service Inspection
Page 273 and 274:
In-Service Inspection- Testing for
Page 275 and 276:
In-Service Inspection- (a) Crack te
Page 277 and 278:
In-Service Inspection- (a) Testing
Page 279 and 280:
6.11: Casting
Page 281 and 282:
Casting- Typical casting defects an
Page 283 and 284:
Casting- Detection of shrinkage cav
Page 285 and 286:
Inspection of Bonded Joints If the
Page 287 and 288:
6.13: Corrosion Monitoring
Page 289 and 290:
Despite these drawbacks, ultrasonic
Page 291 and 292:
Crack Monitoring Laboratory and in-
Page 293 and 294:
The use of pulse-echo techniques fo
Page 295 and 296:
6.15: Stress Measurements
Page 297 and 298:
The real limitation of this techniq
Page 299 and 300:
The real limitation of
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
6.App-1: TOFD Introduction NOTE: No
Page 307 and 308:
TOFD provides a wide area of covera
Page 309 and 310:
TOFD offers rapid weld inspection w
Page 311 and 312:
Due to the low amplitude of the dif
Page 313 and 314:
Tips Diffractions
Page 315 and 316:
TOFD
Page 317 and 318:
TOFD has been used for some time fo
Page 319 and 320:
Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
Page 321 and 322:
For these types of weld inspections
Page 323 and 324:
Scan of weld with cursor positioned
Page 325 and 326:
Measurement of good area shows thic
Page 327 and 328:
6.11.3.3TOFD for Corrosion Measurem
Page 329 and 330:
TOFD for Weld- TOFD Parallel Scanni
Page 331 and 332:
■ Perpendicular Scanning Scanning
Page 333 and 334:
Typical “Perpendicular” Weld Sc
Page 335 and 336:
■ Benefit of TOFD Parallel Scanni
Page 337 and 338:
The Experts at work.
Page 339 and 340:
Break Time mms://a588.l3944020587.c
Page 341 and 342:
Break Time
show all

Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?