Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

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Figure 4-38 – Failure of DMW joining 1.25Cr-0.5Mo to Alloy 800H in a Hydrodealkylation (HAD) Reactor Effluent Exchanger. Crack propagation due to stresses driven at high temperature of 875°F (468°C) and a hydrogen partial pressure of 280 psig (1.93 MPa).
Figure 4-57 – Vibration induced fatigue of a 1-inch socket weld flange in a thermal relief system shortly after startup.
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Section 6: Selected Applications &
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6.11: Casting 6.12: Inspection of b
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6.1.1 Casting Defects & Discontinui
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities
Page 15 and 16: Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 31 and 32: Processing Defects & Discontinuitie
Page 39: 6.1.3 Welding Defects & Discontinui
Page 42 and 43: Welding Defects & Discontinuities
Page 48 and 49: Welding Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 60 and 61: Service Induced Defects & Discontin
Page 62 and 63: Figure 4-24 - In a carbon steel sam
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4-36 - Weld detail used to j
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4-58 - Cross-sectional view
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
Page 72 and 73: Figure 5-46 - Overhead interstage k
Page 74 and 75: Figure 5-48 - Metallographic sample
Page 76 and 77: 6.2: Rail Inspection
Page 78 and 79: The need for a better inspection me
Page 80 and 81: Transverse Fissure
Page 82 and 83: One of the methods used to inspect
Page 84 and 85: Techniques: Examples of axles with
Page 86 and 87: 6.3: Weldments (Welded Joints)
Page 88 and 89: UT of Weldments (Welded Joints) F s
Page 90 and 91: Flaw Detection- Depth Determination
Page 92 and 93: T = Plate Thickness ϴ = Shear wave
Page 94 and 95: Flaw Detection- Triangulations of r
Page 96: To determine the proper scanning ar
Page 99 and 100: Expert at works
Page 101 and 102: Typically scanning patterns
Page 103 and 104: Weld Scanning
Page 105 and 106: Weld Scanning
Page 107 and 108: Echo Dynamic- Position of Defects
Page 109 and 110: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 111 and 112: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 113 and 114: Practice Makes Perfect 52. One of t
Page 115 and 116: 6.4: Pipe & Tube
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Pipe & Tube
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Pipe Scanning
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Pipe Scanning 48.59 o max 30 o max
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Pipe Scanning
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Pipe Scanning- thickness/OD ratio W
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Pipe Scanning- Contact Methods
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Q: Calculate the maximum shear wave
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Q35: During immersion testing of pi
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6.5: Echo Dynamic
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6.5.1 Basic echodynamic pattern of
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C.1 Pattern 1 Point-like reflector
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C.2 Pattern 2 Extended (elongated)
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C.3 Pattern 3a Extended (elongated)
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C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
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C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
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C.4 Pattern 4 Multiple reflector re
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Echodynamic- Change of echo height
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Break Time
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Flaw
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Impr
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Refl
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
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Echo Dynamic- Root Concavity
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic- Broad indication with
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic The echo response from
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Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
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Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
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Q183. In immersion testing, irrelev
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Q46. Which best describes a typical
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6.6: Technique Sheets
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Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
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Physical Dimension
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Physical Dimension
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Reporting: Scanning Report - Top of
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Mock-Up
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Mock-Up
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Mock-Up
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Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
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Pitch and Catch Methods- Set-up
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6.7: Material Properties- Elastic M
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6.7.2 The attenuation method The at
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6.7.3 Velocity Measurements Velocit
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Elastic Modulus Measurement - Young
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These basic material properties, wh
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Equipment: The velocity measurement
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Testing Procedure: Equipment Used.
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Velocity & Equations Poisson Ratio
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6.8: High Temperature Ultrasonic Te
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1.0 Background: Although most ultra
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Temperature Limitation: Conventiona
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敦煌大漠美食 -50 度火
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2.0 Methods used for H.Temperature
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For precision thickness gauging app
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(1b) Flaw detection As in high temp
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2.2 High Temperature Couplants Most
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Keyword: Note that normal incidence
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As a general rule, if the outer cas
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2.4 Equipment Functions Freeze Func
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Keyword: ■ ■ Velocity change of
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3.3 Increased Attenuation: Sound at
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3.4 Angular Variation in Wedges: Wi
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6.9: Dimension-Measurement Applicat
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6.9.2 Thickness measurements are ma
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6.9.3 Position measurements Positio
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Fig. 60 Method of determining corre
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Fig. 61 Setup for determining the p
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6.10: In-Service Inspection
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In-Service Inspection- Testing for
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In-Service Inspection- (a) Crack te
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In-Service Inspection- (a) Testing
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6.11: Casting
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Casting- Typical casting defects an
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Casting- Detection of shrinkage cav
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Inspection of Bonded Joints If the
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6.13: Corrosion Monitoring
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Despite these drawbacks, ultrasonic
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Crack Monitoring Laboratory and in-
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The use of pulse-echo techniques fo
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6.15: Stress Measurements
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The real limitation of this techniq
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The real limitation of
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6.App-1: TOFD Introduction NOTE: No
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TOFD provides a wide area of covera
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TOFD offers rapid weld inspection w
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Due to the low amplitude of the dif
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Tips Diffractions
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TOFD
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TOFD has been used for some time fo
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Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
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For these types of weld inspections
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Scan of weld with cursor positioned
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Measurement of good area shows thic
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6.11.3.3TOFD for Corrosion Measurem
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TOFD for Weld- TOFD Parallel Scanni
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■ Perpendicular Scanning Scanning
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Typical “Perpendicular” Weld Sc
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■ Benefit of TOFD Parallel Scanni
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The Experts at work.
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Break Time mms://a588.l3944020587.c
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Break Time
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Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

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