Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

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Figure 4-58 – Cross-sectional view of the crack in the socket weld in Figure 4- 57.
Figure 5-1 – Localized amine corrosion at the weld found in piping from reboiler to regenerator tower in an MEA unit. Many other similar cases found, some going as deep as half thickness. They were originally found and mistaken as cracks with shear wave UT inspection.
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Section 6: Selected Applications &
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6.11: Casting 6.12: Inspection of b
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6.1.1 Casting Defects & Discontinui
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities
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Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 17 and 18: Casting Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 31 and 32: Processing Defects & Discontinuitie
Page 39: 6.1.3 Welding Defects & Discontinui
Page 42 and 43: Welding Defects & Discontinuities
Page 48 and 49: Welding Defects & Discontinuities-
Page 60 and 61: Service Induced Defects & Discontin
Page 62 and 63: Figure 4-24 - In a carbon steel sam
Page 64 and 65: Figure 4-36 - Weld detail used to j
Page 66 and 67: Figure 4-38 - Failure of DMW joinin
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
Page 72 and 73: Figure 5-46 - Overhead interstage k
Page 74 and 75: Figure 5-48 - Metallographic sample
Page 76 and 77: 6.2: Rail Inspection
Page 78 and 79: The need for a better inspection me
Page 80 and 81: Transverse Fissure
Page 82 and 83: One of the methods used to inspect
Page 84 and 85: Techniques: Examples of axles with
Page 86 and 87: 6.3: Weldments (Welded Joints)
Page 88 and 89: UT of Weldments (Welded Joints) F s
Page 90 and 91: Flaw Detection- Depth Determination
Page 92 and 93: T = Plate Thickness ϴ = Shear wave
Page 94 and 95: Flaw Detection- Triangulations of r
Page 96: To determine the proper scanning ar
Page 99 and 100: Expert at works
Page 101 and 102: Typically scanning patterns
Page 103 and 104: Weld Scanning
Page 105 and 106: Weld Scanning
Page 107 and 108: Echo Dynamic- Position of Defects
Page 109 and 110: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 111 and 112: Plate Weld Scanning
Page 113 and 114: Practice Makes Perfect 52. One of t
Page 115 and 116: 6.4: Pipe & Tube
Page 117 and 118: Pipe & Tube
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Pipe Scanning
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Pipe Scanning 48.59 o max 30 o max
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Pipe Scanning
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Pipe Scanning- thickness/OD ratio W
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Pipe Scanning- Contact Methods
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Q: Calculate the maximum shear wave
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Q35: During immersion testing of pi
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6.5: Echo Dynamic
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6.5.1 Basic echodynamic pattern of
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C.1 Pattern 1 Point-like reflector
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C.2 Pattern 2 Extended (elongated)
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C.3 Pattern 3a Extended (elongated)
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C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
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C.3 Pattern 3b Oblique incidence, t
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C.4 Pattern 4 Multiple reflector re
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Echodynamic- Change of echo height
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Break Time
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Flaw
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Impr
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Refl
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
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Echo Dynamic of Discontinuity- Tand
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Echo Dynamic- Root Concavity
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic- Broad indication with
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Echo Dynamic
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Echo Dynamic The echo response from
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Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
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Echo Dynamic Typical Echo Dynamic P
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Q183. In immersion testing, irrelev
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Q46. Which best describes a typical
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6.6: Technique Sheets
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Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
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Physical Dimension
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Physical Dimension
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Reporting: Scanning Report - Top of
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Mock-Up
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Mock-Up
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Mock-Up
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Hanger Pin Testing using Shear Wave
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Pitch and Catch Methods- Set-up
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6.7: Material Properties- Elastic M
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6.7.2 The attenuation method The at
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6.7.3 Velocity Measurements Velocit
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Elastic Modulus Measurement - Young
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These basic material properties, wh
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Equipment: The velocity measurement
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Testing Procedure: Equipment Used.
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Velocity & Equations Poisson Ratio
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6.8: High Temperature Ultrasonic Te
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1.0 Background: Although most ultra
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Temperature Limitation: Conventiona
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敦煌大漠美食 -50 度火
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2.0 Methods used for H.Temperature
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For precision thickness gauging app
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(1b) Flaw detection As in high temp
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2.2 High Temperature Couplants Most
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Keyword: Note that normal incidence
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As a general rule, if the outer cas
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2.4 Equipment Functions Freeze Func
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Keyword: ■ ■ Velocity change of
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3.3 Increased Attenuation: Sound at
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3.4 Angular Variation in Wedges: Wi
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6.9: Dimension-Measurement Applicat
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6.9.2 Thickness measurements are ma
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6.9.3 Position measurements Positio
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Fig. 60 Method of determining corre
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Fig. 61 Setup for determining the p
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6.10: In-Service Inspection
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In-Service Inspection- Testing for
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In-Service Inspection- (a) Crack te
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In-Service Inspection- (a) Testing
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6.11: Casting
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Casting- Typical casting defects an
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Casting- Detection of shrinkage cav
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Inspection of Bonded Joints If the
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6.13: Corrosion Monitoring
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Despite these drawbacks, ultrasonic
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Crack Monitoring Laboratory and in-
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The use of pulse-echo techniques fo
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6.15: Stress Measurements
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The real limitation of this techniq
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The real limitation of
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6.App-1: TOFD Introduction NOTE: No
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TOFD provides a wide area of covera
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TOFD offers rapid weld inspection w
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Due to the low amplitude of the dif
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Tips Diffractions
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TOFD
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TOFD has been used for some time fo
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Figure 5-2 - Hot Lean Amine Corrosi
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For these types of weld inspections
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Scan of weld with cursor positioned
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Measurement of good area shows thic
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6.11.3.3TOFD for Corrosion Measurem
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TOFD for Weld- TOFD Parallel Scanni
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■ Perpendicular Scanning Scanning
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Typical “Perpendicular” Weld Sc
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■ Benefit of TOFD Parallel Scanni
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The Experts at work.
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Break Time mms://a588.l3944020587.c
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Break Time
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Section 6: Selected Applications & Techniques

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