The Evolution of HTA in Emerging Markets Health-Care ... - TREE

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OHE Consulting Report for PhRMA 5 January 2011 for their treatments. covers 6% of urban dwellers and 8% of rural individuals. began. Sources: 1 Unless referenced otherwise data is taken from WHO -‐ Global Health Indicators Part II http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/EN_WHS10_Part2.pdf 2 OECD Factbook 2010, OECD 3 Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) -‐ Projection for year 2010; available at www.ibge.gov.br 4 CIA World Factbook. Online 5 World Economic Outlook Database 2010, International Monetary Fund 6 Department of Health Executive Yuaj, Taiwan, accessed on 25.08.2010 7 Year book 2010, R.O.C, Department of Health Executive Yuaj, Taiwan 8 Table 10, Policy Options for Health Insurance and Long-‐term Care Insurance, Y Iwamoto et al, ESRI collaboration project 9 OHE calculation based on private expenditure by households not classified as out-‐of-‐pocket expenditure Definitions: Total expenditure on health (THE) is the sum of general government health expenditure and private health expenditure in a given year, calculated in national currency units in current prices. It comprises the outlays earmarked for health maintenance, restoration or enhancement of the health status of the population, paid for in cash or in kind. Private health expenditure (PvtHE) is defined as the sum of expenditures on health by the following entities: Prepaid plans and risk-‐pooling arrangements (prepaid HE): the outlays of private insurance schemes and private social insurance schemes (with no government control over payment rates and participating providers but with broad guidelines from government) Firms’ expenditure on health: the outlays by private enterprises for medical care and health-‐enhancing benefits other than payment to social security or other pre-‐paid schemes. Non-‐profit institutions serving mainly households (NGOs): outlays of those entities whose status do not permit them to be a source of financial gain for the units that establish, control or finance them. This includes funding from internal and external sources. 50
OHE Consulting Report for PhRMA 5 January 2011 Household out-‐of-‐pocket spending (OOPs): the direct outlays of households, including gratuities and in-‐kind payments made to health practitioners and to suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances and other goods and services. This includes household direct payments to public and private providers of health-‐care services, non-‐profit institutions, and non-‐reimbursable cost-‐sharing, such as deductibles, copayments and fees for services. 51
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