UN FAO, 2010 - Two Sides

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xxvi FIGURE 19 Designated functions of forests, 2010 (%) Production 30 Protection of soil and water 8 Conservation of biodiversity 12 Social services 4 Multiple use 24 Other 7 Unknown 16 FIGURE 20 Trends in area of forest with a management plan by region, 1990–2010 Africa Asia Europe North and Central America Oceania South America 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 (million ha) 1990 2000 2010 PROGRESS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT To obtain a broad picture of progress towards sustainable forest management, a subset of indicators was selected for each of the seven thematic elements of sustainable forest management and data on trends were compiled and compared at global, regional and subregional levels across the seven themes. The results are summarized below and illustrated in Tables 1 and 2. For more information, refer to Chapter 9.
xxvii BOx 4 Information is collected on the area of forest under sustainable forest management The area of forest with a management plan is not necessarily an adequate indicator of the area of forest under sustainable forest management. For example, plans may not be effective, or forests may be conserved and sustainably used without a plan. Therefore, for FRA 2010, countries were asked to provide information on the area of forest under sustainable management using national definitions, criteria and assessment methods, including expert estimates. More than 100 countries, representing 62 percent of the global forest area, responded. Although data cannot be compared across countries or aggregated at the global scale, the responses indicate that significant progress has been made over the last ten years. Progress towards sustainable forest management at the global level Overall, the situation at the global level has remained relatively stable over the last 20 years (Table 1). The change in forest area is well below the threshold of 0.5 percent per year for a significant change. The largest negative rates (in percentage terms) include the decrease in the area of primary forest over the entire 20-year period; in wood removals and employment in the 1990s; and in human resources in public forest institutions during the period 2000–2005. Significant positive trends were reported in the area of forest designated for the conservation of biological diversity and the area of forest in protected areas (particularly in the last decade), the area of planted forest and the number of students graduating in forestry. Forests under private ownership and the value of wood products showed a positive trend for the period 2000–2005. Progress at regional levels Africa. On the whole, progress towards sustainable forest management in Africa has improved when comparing the last decade to the 1990s. The net loss of forest area has slowed down, and the areas of forest designated for the conservation of biological diversity and included in protected areas have increased slightly. The sharp increase in the area of forest with a management plan over the last ten years is particularly good news. The continued, rapid loss of forest area (the second largest of any region during this 20-year period) is, however, still a cause for concern as is the loss of primary forests. A summary of information by subregion can be found in Table 2. Asia. Overall the forest area in Asia is about 16 million hectares larger in 2010 than it was in 1990 as a result of large-scale afforestation efforts during the last 10–15 years, particularly in China. The decrease in area of primary forest is cause for concern, while the increase in the forest area designated for conservation of biological diversity, the area of forest in protected areas and forests designated for protective functions is commendable. The area affected by fire decreased while that affected by insects increased sharply between 1990 and 2000, but then levelled off. Variables representing the legal, policy and institutional framework are largely positive or stable and information availability in the region is generally good. In short, there has been mixed progress over the last 20 years at the regional level with large variations between countries and subregions. A summary of information by subregion can be found in Table 2. Europe. Data availability was generally high for Europe, although results were strongly influenced by the Russian Federation. The status of forest resources in Europe
Page 2 and 3: Cover photos: Seven themes of susta
Page 4 and 5: The designations employed and the p
Page 6 and 7: iv Afforestation and reforestation
Page 8 and 9: vi 4.2 Average area of forest annua
Page 10 and 11: viii 3.3 Proportion of forest area
Page 12 and 13: x Acknowledgements The FRA 2010 mai
Page 14 and 15: xii Acronyms and abbreviations CBD
Page 16 and 17: xiv FIGURE 1 The world’s forests
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Page 20 and 21: xviii Primary forests account for 3
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Page 24 and 25: xxii The value of wood removals is
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Page 32 and 33: xxx TABLE 2 Progress towards sustai
Page 35 and 36: 1 Chapter 1 Introduction Global for
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 3 recent agreement rel
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 5 as the guidelines fo
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 7 FIGURE 1.2 fra 2010
Page 43 and 44: 9 Chapter 2 Extent of forest resour
Page 45 and 46: Extent of forest resources 11 More
Page 47 and 48: Extent of forest resources 13 Table
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Extent of forest resources 45 Quant
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Extent of forest resources 47 For c
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49 Chapter 3 Forest biological dive
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Forest biological diversity 51 Anal
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Forest biological diversity 53 TABl
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Forest biological diversity 55 over
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Forest biological diversity 57 indi
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Forest biological diversity 59 FIGu
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Forest biological diversity 61 Howe
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Forest biological diversity 63 TABl
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66 Global Forest Resources Assessme
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85 Chapter 5 Productive functions o
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Productive functions of forest reso
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110 Global Forest Resources Assessm
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119 Chapter 7 Socio-economic functi
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Socio-economic functions of forest
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149 Chapter 8 Legal, policy and ins
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163 Chapter 9 Progress towards sust
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Progress towards sustainable forest
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187 Chapter 10 Conclusions FAO has
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Conclusions 189 FIGurE 10.1 Informa
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Conclusions 191 BOx 10.2 Special st
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Conclusions 193 positive news Howev
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209 Annex 2 Terms and definitions u
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Annex 2: Terms and definitions used
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217 Annex 3 Global tables NOTES Cou
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Annex 3: Global tables 219 Country/
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Annex 3: Global tables 225 TAble 2
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327 Annex 4 FRA 2010 Working papers
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UN FAO, 2010 - Two Sides

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