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METHODS: The medical records of all Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents < 19
years diagnosed with esotropia, exotropia, or hypertropia from January 1, 1985 through
December 31, 1994 were reviewed.
RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis of esotropia (n = 380), exotropia (n = 205),
and hypertropia (n = 42) was 3.1 years, 7.2 years, and 6.1 years, respectively (P =
.001). In the first six years of life, esotropia had the highest incidence and was more
likely to occur than either exotropia or hypertropia; exotropia predominated between age
seven and 12 years; and each form was similarly likely to occur between 13 and 18
years of age (P = .001).
CONCLUSIONS: The age at diagnosis was significantly different for the various forms
of strabismus in this population. Esotropia is the most common form in the first six years
of life; beyond this age exotropia predominates until the teenage years when the three
forms have a similar but decreased incidence.
Common forms of childhood strabismus in an incidence cohort.
Mohney BG.
Am. J Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;144(3):465-7.
PURPOSE: To report the prevalent forms of childhood strabismus.
METHODS: The medical records of all Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents younger
than 19 years diagnosed with esotropia, exotropia, or hypertropia from January 1, 1985
through December 31, 1994, were reviewed.
RESULTS: Six hundred twenty-seven new cases of childhood strabismus were
identified during the 10-year study period, including 380 (60.1%) with esotropia, 205
(32.7%) with exotropia, and 42 (6.7%) with hypertropia. The five most common forms of
strabismus included accommodative esotropia (27.9%), intermittent exotropia (16.9%),
acquired nonaccommodative esotropia (10.2%), esotropia in children with an abnormal
central nervous system (7.0%), and convergence insufficiency (6.4%).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides population-based data on the most prevalent
forms of childhood strabismus. Accommodative esotropia, intermittent exotropia, and
acquired nonaccommodative esotropia were the predominant forms of strabismus in
this Western population.
The Effects of Strabismus on Quality of Life in Adults.
Hatt SR, Leske DA, Kirgis PA, Bradley EA, Holmes JM.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Aug 16; [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: As a first step in the development of a health-related quality of life (HRQOL)
instrument, we conducted in-depth interviews to identify the specific concerns of adults
with strabismus.
METHODS: Thirty adults with strabismus, 17 with diplopia, and 13 without were
recruited. Individual interviews, using 11 open-ended questions, were audiotaped,
transcribed, and transcripts reviewed independently by three investigators. Phrases
11