Full Issue (17 MB) - Pile Driving Contractors Association

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on hammerhead piers, incorporating multi-shaft (2 to 4 shaft/ hammerhead combinations per pier) supports. Span lengths range from 80 to 153 feet, and maximum pier heights are approximately 20 feet. The Canal Street Viaduct includes a total of 24 substructure footings. Subsurface Conditions For the Canal Street Viaduct, two to 10 feet of miscellaneous fill is generally underlain by loose to medium dense granular deposits to 20 to 30 feet. Over portions of the site, very soft to soft organic and inorganic silty clay is present to these depths. Underlying soils consist of stiff to hard silty clay, and medium dense to very dense granular soils. Relative densities and/or consistencies generally increase with depth. Bedrock was not encountered up to 120 feet. SUPPORT COSTS Support cost is the cost of a deep foundation element or system divided by its allowable load, which is expressed in units of dollars per allowable ton (i.e., the cost to support one ton of allowable load). For these projects, cost components of the two projects’ deep foundation elements including piling, design pile testing, and construction control were compared. Project costs are presented in Table 2. This table presents the total allowable tons of support installed, and the respective costs for the piles, and design testing/construction control components, as well as these components’ sum. Accordingly, support costs for each component, and a total support cost, were determined for each project and compared. The support cost determinations summarized in Table 2 are presented in Figure 2, and discussed below. Driven Pile Foundations Driving Criteria – The Canal Street Viaduct piles were installed to their required allowable load according to the WisDOT-modified version of the Engineering News dynamic formula. For this dynamic formula, WisDOT generally assumes a safety factor between three and five. Installations – An allowable pile load of 75 tons was used for the entire Canal Street Viaduct project. A total of 842 HP14x73 steel H-piles were installed. Embedded lengths ranged from 80 to 153 feet. Contract pricing for the HP14x73 pile was $32 per installed foot. The total cost of the pile installations, including linear footage and splices, was $2,675,000. Figure 2. Support Cost Summary RENTAL • SALES • SERVICE TRUST, INNOVATION & EXPERTISE... THE FOUNDATION OF SUCCESS. For more than 90 years, Equipment Corporation of America has been a premier distributor of Foundation Construction Equipment. Our success and longevity is a direct result of the relationships we’ve built by using high quality equipment and best-in-class service. Find out how we can build a foundation together. 1.800.PILE. USA -or- www.ecanet.com EQUIPMENT CORPORATION OF AMERICA BUILDING FOUNDATIONS SINCE 1918 AUTHORIZED DEALER: PITTSBURGH PHILADELPHIA WASHINGTON D.C. TORONTO 40 • Q4 • 2009
Pile Support Cost A review of Figure 2 indicates that the South Leg’s pile support cost was $16.81 per allowable ton lower than for the Canal Street Viaduct. The South Leg achieved a much lower pile support cost, despite having the poorer soil conditions (in particular, much deeper project-wide organic deposits). There are a number of potential factors contributing to this difference. Although assigning relative contributions among the factors is difficult because they tend to work in conjunction with one another, the factors are presented below in a subjective order of decreasing impact on cost: Soil/Pile Set-Up Unlike the Canal Street Viaduct, the South Leg incorporated soil/pile set-up into design and installation. Accounting for set-up may reduce pile lengths, reduce pile sections (use smaller-diameter or thinner-walled pipe piles), or reduce the size of driving equipment (use smaller hammers and/or cranes). Any one, or a combination, of these reductions could result in cost savings. For the South Leg pile test program, measured shaft set-up generally ranged from 200 to 500 percent (100 percent set-up indicates that the shaft resistance doubled; 200 percent indicates it tripled, etc.). Allowable Pile Load – Magnitude The South Leg used higher allowable pile loads than the Canal Street Viaduct. In general, higher allowable pile loads tend to result in lower pile support costs for several related reasons. First, if poor soils must be penetrated, a certain length of pile must be installed, or “invested,” just to reach more-competent soils below. The higher the allowable load, the greater the return on each pile’s “investment”. Second, while installed pile cost increases linearly with depth, soil strength/pile resistance often increases at a greater rate (e.g., driving a pile 25 percent deeper often results in greater than a 25 percent capacity increase). Hence, pile support cost generally decreases with increasing depth and associated higher allowable load. Pile Type – Geotechnical Capacity H-piles are well-suited as predominately end-bearing piles, driven to a bearing layer. Closed-end pipe piles are well-suited as predominately shaft-resistance piles. The project stratigraphies appear to favor closed-end, friction pipe piles. Driving Criteria The South Leg used wave equation analysis, while the Canal Street Viaduct used a dynamic formula, to develop driving criteria. The wave equation may have provided less-conservative driving criteria. TABLE 2: Cost Summary Piles Design Testing and Construction Control Totals Project Total Allowable Tons of Support Installed Total Footage Installed, linear feet Total Cost, dollars Support Cost, dollars per allowable ton Total Cost, dollars Support Cost, dollars per allowable ton Cost, dollars Support Cost, dollars per allowable ton Marquette Interchange South Leg 86,100 51,989 2,200,212 25.55 437,000 5.08 2,637,212 30.63 Canal Street Viaduct 63,150 77,108 2,675,000 42.36 0.00 0.00 2,675,000 42.36 Servicing the Transportation Industry for 20 Years Deep foundation consulting, analysis, testing Consultants: Geotechnical, Materials, Environmental, Forensic Contact: Greg Reuter, PE 550 Cleveland Avenue North; Saint Paul, MN 55114 800.972.6364 651.659.9001 Fax: 651.659.1347 National Practice from offices in FL, MN, SD & WI www.amengtest.com M,G&B Services, Inc 13433 Seymour Myers Blvd., Suite 14, Covington, LA 70433 P.O. Box 664, Mandeville, LA 70470-0664 Phone: 985-893-7878 • Toll Free: 800-256-2185 • Fax: 985-893-5222 www.mgbservices.com • Q4 • 2009 41
Page 1 and 2: THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE PIL
Page 3 and 4: PILE DRIVING CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATIO
Page 5 and 6: We Service You From Mill Rollings W
Page 7 and 8: PORT OF HOUSTON EXPANSION BUILT ON
Page 9 and 10: and Wayne Waters (president, Ed Wat
Page 11 and 12: Executive Director’s Message Exec
Page 13 and 14: meeting in Orlando, FL. The meeting
Page 15 and 16: With nearly 200 acres of stock and
Page 17 and 18: Charlie Gibson Manson Construction
Page 19 and 20: Annual Membership Directory As a me
Page 21 and 22: PDCA MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION Step St
Page 23 and 24: A Driving Force in the Foundation E
Page 25 and 26: Chapter Updates Chapter Updates PDC
Page 27 and 28: THE SHAPE OF THE FUTURE... Port of
Page 29 and 30: Member Profile Footing piles for po
Page 31 and 32: Member Profile Johnson Bros. Many M
Page 33 and 34: The company is a “F.A.S.T.” (Fo
Page 35 and 36: Independent Pipe and Steel, Inc. Me
Page 37: Taking the Lead in over40 countries
Page 40 and 41: DRIVEN PILE COST COMPARISON for two
Page 44: We Get Thousands of Tons of New Pil
Page 47 and 48: The results of the DPH test did con
Page 49 and 50: The vibration compacts the concrete
Page 51 and 52: THE NEW IMPORTANCE OF RECORDS RETEN
Page 53 and 54: information needed for the ongoing
Page 55 and 56: RoyOMartin-Colfax Treating speciali
Page 57 and 58: JD & Company, Inc. the supply of St
Page 59 and 60: Driven Treated Timber Piles Lead th
Page 61 and 62: Steel piles take the LEED® in a GR
Page 63 and 64: MARINE AND HEAVY CONSTRUCTION 711 E
Page 65 and 66: The Inner Harbor Navigation Canal B
Page 67 and 68: pumped from the top of the pile to
Page 69 and 70: “MAFCO” - Your one stop shoppin
Page 71 and 72: AZ / Larssen U AZ / Larssen U Ball
Page 73 and 74: The Harvey Canal Project: Saving Ti
Page 75 and 76: Project Spotlight Miles and Miles o
Page 77 and 78: Project Spotlight Safety Procedures
Page 79 and 80: Project Spotlight Kremer carries
Page 81 and 82: Project Spotlight “It’s interes
Page 83 and 84: Project Spotlight Seeing the waters
Page 85 and 86: THE BUSINESS OF BUSINESS THE BUSINE
Page 87 and 88: in English while performing specifi
Page 89 and 90: PDCA 14 th Annual Conference and Ex
Page 91 and 92: 2010 PROJECT OF THE YEAR Awards Put
Page 93 and 94:
Monitoring Pile Driving Vibrations
Page 95 and 96:
deposit itself. Strain is equal to
Page 97 and 98:
Recordkeeping Good record keeping i
Page 99 and 100:
2009 New PDCA Members Contractor Me
Page 101 and 102:
2009 New PDCA Members SK Geotechnic
Page 104:
A.P.E. AMERICAN PILEDRIVING EQUIPME
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Full Issue (17 MB) - Pile Driving Contractors Association

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