Vol 43 # 3 September 2011 - Kma.org.kw

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248 Selected Abstracts of Articles Published Elsewhere by Authors in Kuwait September 2011 than 7 days of age, in association with clinical or laboratory findings consistent with infection. Results: The overall incidence of early-onset neonatal infection was 2.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3-3.2) episodes per 1000 live-births. The case-fatality was 13.1% (95% CI 8.6-18.9%). Group B Streptococcus (GBS) accounted for 17.6% of infections among infants younger than 7 days (incidence 0.48 per 1000 live-births), but 38.1% of infections in the first 2 days of life. Neither the incidence of earlyonset infection by GBS nor by Escherichia coli changed significantly over the study period. Conclusions: Although the incidence of GBS infections was relatively low, GBS accounted for most earlyonset infections. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against GBS should be strengthened. There was no evidence to suggest that early-onset infection due to non-GBS organisms such E. coli has increased in the last 5 years. Knowledge and Attitudes towards HIV/AIDS amongst Kuwait University Dental Students Ellepola AN, Joseph BK, Sundaram DB, Sharma PN Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University Office of Vice President, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait Eur J Dent Educ 2011; 15:165-171 The HIV and AIDS have emerged as complex health threats to the world population. As future dentists, it is pertinent that the dental students have sufficient knowledge and a positive approach towards the disease. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes amongst clinical dental students at Kuwait University. A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst the clinical dental students using a structured questionnaire with 60 questions to examine their knowledge under various categories and 13 questions to examine their attitudes towards the disease. The survey revealed that almost 58% of the respondents demonstrated a high level of knowledge (mean score: 45.23 ± 4.35 SD). Majority of the students (63.6%) expressed negative attitude (mean score: 5.36 ± 2.56 SD). The mean knowledge score of the fifth year dental students was significantly higher (P = 0.022) than that of the final year dental students regarding the knowledge of virus and disease process. However, no significant difference was observed with respect to other knowledge categories. Despite their high level of knowledge, the majority displayed a negative attitude towards HIV/AIDS. Hence, the findings imply that there is a need to address, more clearly, the students’ misconceptions and attitudes towards the disease. Filtering Effect of Wind Flow Turbulence on Atmospheric Pollutant Dispersion Yassin MF Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Kuwait, Safat, 13060, Kuwait. E-mail: Mohamed_f_yassin@hotmail.com Environ Monit Assess 2011 Jul 16 [Epub ahead of print] This paper presents a model for coupling the statistics of wind velocity distribution and atmospheric pollutant dispersion. The effect of wind velocity distribution is modeled as a three-dimensional finite-impulse response (3D-FIR) filter. A phase space representation of the 3D-FIR filter window is discussed. The resulting pollutant dispersion is the multiplication in the phase space of the 3-D Fourier transform of the pollutant concentration and the volume described by the filter window
September 2011 KUWAIT MEDICAL JOURNAL 249 coefficients. The shape of the filter window in the phase space enables representing such effects as vortex shedding thermal currents, etc. The impact of spatial distribution of the sensors on the resulting pollutant spatial distribution and the 3-D FIR filter model employed also discuss. The case of a neutrally buoyant plume emitted from an elevated point source in a turbulent boundary layer considers. The results show that wind turbulence is an important factor in the pollutant dispersion and introduces expected random fluctuations in pollutant distribution and leads to spreading the distribution due to wind mixing. The Adverse Events of Deep Fractional CO(2) : A Retrospective Study of 490 Treatments in 374 Patients Shamsaldeen O, Peterson JD, Goldman MP Resident, Department of Dermatology, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait. E-mail: dr.omar@geldeya.com Lasers Surg Med 2011; 43:453-456 Background: Fractionated carbon dioxide CO(2) laser resurfacing unites the idea of fractional photothermolysis with an ablative 10,600-nm wavelength. This technology permits effective treatment of deeper rhytides, photodamaged skin, and scars, with shorter recovery and a decreased side effect profile as compared to traditional CO(2) laser resurfacing. Objectives: To study the rate of the adverse events associated with the use of deep fractional CO(2) laser. Methods: A retrospective study of 490 fractionated CO(2) laser treatments in 374 patients by ten physicians within one practice was performed between March 3, 2008 and July 28, 2010. Treatment areas included the face, neck, chest, hands, back, and abdomen. Results: Of the 490 treatments, 365 were of both superficial and deep fractional treatments while 125 treatments were deep. Patients treated were of Fitzpatrick skin types I-IV. Four hundred ninety treatments resulted in 67 adverse events (13.6%) in 63 patients (16.8%), the most frequent adverse events were acneiform eruption (5.3%), herpes simplex outbreak (2.2%), bacterial infections (1.8%), yeast infections (1.2%), hyperpigmentation (1.2%), prolonged erythema beyond 1 month (0.8%), and (0.8%) contact dermatitis. There were no reports of scarring or hypopigmentation. Conclusions: Fractional deep CO(2) laser is a safe method for treating rhytides, photodamaged skin, and scars with a low incidence of adverse events. Influence of Coconut Oil Administration on Some Hematologic and Metabolic Parameters in Pregnant Rats Nandakumaran M, Angelaki E, Al-Azemi N, Al-Sarraf H, Al-Saleh E Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Kuwait City, Kuwait Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011 Jul 7 [Epub ahead of print] Objective: Data on the effect of coconut oil intake on various hematologic and metabolic parameters in pregnant women or animals are scanty. Hence we attempted to assess the effect of oral administration of graded doses of this edible oil during pregnancy, on various hematologic and metabolic parameters in rats. Methods: Groups of pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were given oral doses of 1 ml, 2 ml, and 4 ml coconut oil twice per day, respectively. Control group of rats were given tap water. Oral feeding of oil was done continuously for a period of 20 days and at the end of the study period the animals were lightly anaesthetized with ether and sacrificed to collect blood samples for analysis. Various hematologic parameters such as
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