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Intermediate Algebra – Student Workbook – Second Edition 2013

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Lesson 5b - Solving Quadratic Equations<br />

Mini-Lesson<br />

Solving Quadratic Equations <strong>–</strong> Using the Quadratic Formula<br />

Our final method for solving quadratic equations involves use of something called the Quadratic<br />

Formula. This is a brute force method that can sometimes help you if you are stuck on factoring.<br />

Solving Quadratic Equations Using the Quadratic Formula<br />

1. Place the quadratic equation in standard form (i.e. set = 0).<br />

2. Identify the coefficients a, b, c<br />

3. Substitute these values into the quadratic formula below<br />

4. Simplify your result completely<br />

Quadratic Formula:<br />

x =<br />

b <br />

b<br />

2 4ac<br />

2a<br />

Do you wonder where this formula came from? Well, you can actually derive this formula<br />

directly from the quadratic equation in standard form ax 2 + bx + c = 0using a factoring method<br />

called COMPLETING THE SQUARE. You will not be asked to use COMPLETING THE<br />

SQUARE in this class, but go through the information below and try to follow each step.<br />

How to Derive the Quadratic Formula From ax 2 + bx + c = 0<br />

ax 2 + bx + c = 0<br />

2 b c<br />

x x [Subtract c from both sides then divide all by a]<br />

a a<br />

2<br />

2<br />

2 b b c b<br />

x x [Take the coefficient of x, divide it by 2, square it, and add to both sides]<br />

2<br />

2<br />

a 4a<br />

a 4a<br />

<br />

x<br />

<br />

b<br />

2<br />

4ac<br />

b<br />

<br />

<br />

2 2<br />

2a<br />

4a<br />

4a<br />

2<br />

[Factor the left side. On the right side, get a common denominator of 4a 2 ]<br />

2<br />

2<br />

b b 4ac<br />

x <br />

2<br />

2a<br />

4a<br />

b<br />

x <br />

2a<br />

x<br />

b<br />

<br />

2a<br />

b<br />

2 4ac<br />

2a<br />

b<br />

2 4ac<br />

2a<br />

[Solve for x]<br />

b <br />

x <br />

b<br />

2 4ac<br />

2a<br />

[Combine the right side to one fraction then take square root of both sides]<br />

[Simplify the square roots]<br />

[Combine into one fraction to obtain the final form for the Quadratic Formula]<br />

Scottsdale Community College Page 219 <strong>Intermediate</strong> <strong>Algebra</strong>

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