Full Release - IRmep

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546*MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL
other activists. 5 The al-Da'wa Party g~ve birth to splinter groups like the Suprem~
Council for Islamic Revolution in Iraq (founded by expatriates in Tehran in 1982)
and the Sadr Movement, while remaining a separate party in its own right. In contrast,
the mainstream Najaf clerical tradition in Iraq, exemplified by Abu al-Qasim al­
Khu'i (d. 1992), tended to be quietist and to reject Khomeini's theory that the clergy
should rule (vilayat-e faqih).6 But unbeknownst to the outside world, many Iraq!
Shi'ites, inspired by al-Sadr and his suc~essors, were being radicalized by the eP
ample of Iran and by the brutality of the Ba'th persecution.
THE POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY OF IRAQI SHrISM
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