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4. Significant Accounting Policies<br />

4.1 Revenue recognition<br />

(a) Premium<br />

For insurance policies with coverage periods of up to 1 year, premium income is recognised on the date the<br />

insurance policy comes into effect, after deducting a premium ceded and cancelled. For long-term insurance<br />

policies with coverage periods of longer than 1 year, related revenues are recorded as unearned items and<br />

amortised to income over the coverage period.<br />

(b) Reinsurance premium<br />

Reinsurance premium income is recognised when the reinsurer places the reinsurance application or statement<br />

of accounts with the Company.<br />

(c) Interest and dividends<br />

Interest is recognised on an accrual basis based on the effective interest rate. Dividends are recognised when the<br />

right to receive the dividends is established.<br />

4.2 Investments in securities<br />

(a) Investments in available-for-sale securities are determined at fair value. The change in value of securities is recorded<br />

as a separate item in shareholders’ equity until securities are sold, the change shall be included in determining income.<br />

(b) Bonds which are pledged as a security with the Office of Insurance Commission, are government bonds which are<br />

determined at fair value.<br />

(c) Investments in non-marketable equity securities, which the Company holds as other investment, are valued at cost<br />

net of allowance for loss on diminution in value (if any).<br />

(d) Investments in associated companies are accounted for under the equity method (investments in associated<br />

companies are valued at cost in separate financial statements).<br />

The fair value of equity securities is based on the latest bid price of the working day of the year as quoted on the<br />

Stock Exchange of Thailand. The fair value of debt securities is based on the price quoted by the Thai Bond Market Association or<br />

discounted cash flow with appropriated risk. Fair value of unit trust is valued at net assets value.<br />

Weighted average method is used for computation of cost of investments.<br />

Loss on impairment (if any) of investments in available-for-sale securities, held-to-maturity debt securities, and other<br />

investments is included in determining income.<br />

4.3 Premium due and uncollected<br />

Premium due and uncollected is carried at its net realisable value. The Company set up an allowance for doubtful<br />

accounts based on the estimated loss that may incur in collection of the premium due, on the basis of collection experiences,<br />

analysis of debtor aging and a review of current status of the premium due as at the balance sheet date.<br />

66

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