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Spot-Burning Appendix 2.1 APPENDIX 2: SPOT-BURNING USING PROPANE TORCHES Adapted from Jack McGowan-Stinski, Land Steward The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Chapter Spot-burning means burning individual plants or groups of plants (or a small area) using a propane torch or similar device. These torches can also be used to ignite brush piles. Two advantages to spot-burning are: 1) the torches can be used in areas where there is little or no fine fuel to carry a prescribed burn; the primary fuel source is propane, and 2) these torches can be used during wet conditions to kill invasives. EQUIPMENT SET-UP: The torch we use in Michigan is made by Flame Engineering, Inc.(1-800-255-2469), and is the "VT 3-30C Red Dragon Vapor Torch Kit". This torch has a maximum output of 500,000 BTU/hr, with maximum flame temperature of 2,050 - 2,075 o F. Under normal operating pressure about 10 lbs. propane/hr will be used, with maximum consumption at maximum operation of about 23 lbs./hr. Burn time when using a full 20 lb. propane tank is about 2 to 2.5 hours for spot-burning; burn time is 1 hour with 10 lb. tank. This VT 3- 30C Red Dragon Vapor Torch has a 3 inch diameter bell (torch tip) and is used for burning large areas; we use a VT 2 ½-2C with a 2 inch diameter bell for more precise burning (burning individual invasive plants next to rarities). Propane tanks (10 or 20 lb.) are carried on exterior-frame aluminum backpacks (shoulder straps plus waist belt). The packs are modified by attaching a base that the tanks fit into; the base is made out of 1/2 inch angle aluminum, which is bolted to backpack, and the bottom of the tank is bolted to this aluminum base with wingnuts, which provides a stable support and ease in changing tanks. A torch kit includes a 10 foot gas line; we shorten to 5 feet to allow freedom of movement but reduce snagging on brush while torching. Use a carrying case/safety case for torch and gas line when transporting to site or into preserve. The case is made of a 4.5 foot 4 inch diameter section of PVC (schedule 3 plastic "sewer-and-drain" pipe) with a cap cemented on bottom and a cap (uncemented) on top. Extra o-rings for the torch-to-tank coupling are duct-taped inside top cap. Bags strapped on to case include wrench, flint lighter, soapy water (in saline solution squeeze bottle; to test for gas leaks at connections and supply hose). The case is "strapped" onto backpack so you are "hands-free" when walking into site. Approximate backpack weight of torch, carrying case, and propane tank (using a full 20 lb. tank) is 48 lbs. Spot-burning Equipment: Communication: • Burn prescription copy • Radios with chest holders, and ear phones • Checklists, emergency numbers • Cellular phone • Weather kit(s) Weed Control Methods Handbook, The Nature Conservancy, Tu et al.
Spot-Burning Appendix 2.2 Ignition: • Propane tanks, 10 and 20 lb. • modified exterior-frame aluminum backpacks, straps and/or bunji cords • Propane torches in PVC carrying cases, each with soap mix, wrench, flint lighter, extra o-rings PPE: • Nomex firesuits • Leather gloves • Leather boots, 8 inches high, Vibram sole, leather laces • Hard hats with Nomex ear/neck protectors, face shields, chin straps • First aid kit • Water cooler with 1 liter water bottles, minimum 2 per crew member • Belt and pouches to carry water bottles Water-related and Holding: • Backpack pumps • Replacement parts for backpack pumps • “Slip-on” pump unit includes: 110 gallon water tank cabled onto wooden cradle and bolted to truck frame, Honda water pump, manifold valving system with pressure gauge and recirculation hose, garden hose with combination adjustable nozzle and short section 1 ½ inch hose with combination adjustable nozzle, laminated directions for “Opening/Closing” valves • Portable water pumps (Honda) • 1 gal fuel can w/premium unleaded, 10W30 oil, drafting bottle for pumps • Garden hose • Intake or suction hose with foot valves • Combination Nozzles • Grass/thatch Rakes Some safety tips: • Crew is outfitted in fire safety gear (nomex, hard hat with face shield and nomex ear/neck protector, leather gloves, leather boots). • When attaching tank to backpack make sure pressure relief valve on top is pointing AWAY from person carrying pack. This valve is designed to release pressure/vent gas if tank heats up too much, and this vented gas can ignite, forming a "torch" of its own. I suggest that anybody using these torches “talk safety” with a local propane dealer. • The torch tip will heat up very quickly, and retain heat, so always be cautious where you set torch down; I recommend cooling down with water where possible. • These torches produce lots of noise. For spot-burning we wear ear plugs; for prescribed burning the igniter uses an ear phone attached to fire radio, PLUS the igniter should always keep an eye out for visual signs. • These torches should only be used by somebody who has both some fire training AND common sense, or you will end up with injuries, damage rarities, and/or start a Weed Control Methods Handbook, The Nature Conservancy, Tu et al.
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Weed Control Methods Handbook: Tool
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Introduction Intro.1 INTRODUCTION I
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Introduction Intro.3 Information on
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Manual & Mechanical Techniques 1.2
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Prescribed Fire 3.9 Mauer, T. 1985.
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Biological Control 4.2 biocontrol p
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Biological Control 4.4 Galerucella
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Guidelines for Herbicide Use 5.2 3.
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Herbicide Properties 6.4 Imazapyr,
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Herbicide Properties 6.6 Adjuvants
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Herbicide Properties Herbicide 2,4
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Degradation Mechanism Toxicity & [E
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2,4-D 7a.1 2,4-D Herbicide Basics C
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Clopyralid 7b.1 M. Tu, C. Hurd, R.
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Clopyralid 7b.5 et al. (1997) concl
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Fluazifop-p-butyl 7c.1 FLUAZIFOP-P-
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Fluazifop-p-butyl 7c.3 The cells th
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Fluazifop-p-butyl 7c.5 Application
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Fosamine 7d.1 FOSAMINE AMMONIUM Her
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Fosamine 7d.3 Microbial Degradation
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Glyphosate 7e.1 M. Tu, C. Hurd, R.
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Glyphosate 7e.7 Application Conside
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Hexazinone 7f.1 HEXAZINONE Herbicid
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Hexazinone 7f.3 Volatilization Hexa
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Hexazinone 7f.7 If chronic exposure
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Imazapic 7g.1 IMAZAPIC Herbicide Ba
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