Exhibit 8, 100416 Brazil FMD Risk Evaluation - R-Calf

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Figure 1: Map of Brazil and list of States with their acronyms Acre AC Paraíba PB Lagos AL Pará PA Amapá AP Pernambuco PE Amazonas AM Piauí PI Bahia BA Rio Grande do Norte RN Ceará CE Rio Grande do Sul RS Distrito Federal DF Rio de Janeiro RJ Espírito Santo ES Rondônia RO Goiás GO Roraima RR Maranhão MA Santa Catarina SC Mato Grosso MT Sergipe SE Mato Grosso do Sul MS São Paulo SP Minas Gerais MG Tocantins TO Paraná PR APHIS Evaluation of the Status of the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina 8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Veterinary Services (VS) conducted a risk analysis as a decision-making tool for a proposal to initiate trade in fresh pork from the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina. Trade in fresh pork and other susceptible animals and products from Santa Catarina has not been allowed because USDA considers all of Brazil to be a country affected with foot-and-mouth-disease (FMD), swine vesicular disease (SVD), classical swine fever (CSF), and African swine fever (ASF). APHIS has evaluated information submitted by Brazil and conducted a site visit to Santa Catarina in June 2008 to substantiate the information reported in the documentation and add any new data. APHIS also conducted three other site visits to other Brazilian States in 2002, 2003, and 2006. The site visits focused on the veterinary and legal infrastructure, border control procedures, laboratory and diagnostic capabilities, biosecurity procedures on swine farms, animal health recordkeeping systems, movement controls, and disease surveillance systems. APHIS’ analysis was based on information gathered from the site visits; on information submitted in writing by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA) and the Companhia Integrada de Desenvolvimento Agricola de Santa Catarina (CIDASC); and on published scientific literature. This document describes the animal health system and disease control and eradication measures in the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina. It identifies potential areas of risk and discusses how this risk is mitigated. The following factors were considered relevant in determining the disease status of Santa Catarina: No FMD outbreaks have occurred in Santa Catarina since 1993. Santa Catarina has not vaccinated against FMD since May 2000. No outbreaks of ASF have occurred in Santa Catarina since 1981. No outbreaks of CSF have occurred in Santa Catarina since 1990. SVD has never occurred in Brazil. Surveillance programs in cattle and swine have not detected the presence of the FMD, CSF, SVD, or ASF viruses in Santa Catarina. There was no evidence of FMD viral activity in cattle during or after the 2000-2001 and 2005-2006 outbreaks in other areas of the country. In addition, Santa Catarina does not vaccinate for FMD, so any cattle or swine in that State exposed to the FMD virus can be considered sentinels for the disease. APHIS considers the legal framework, animal health infrastructure, movement and border controls, diagnostic capabilities, surveillance programs, and emergency response systems within Santa Catarina adequate to detect and control FMD, CSF, SVD, and ASF outbreaks. Although the consequences of FMD, CSF, SVD, and ASF outbreaks are severe, APHIS considers the likelihood of outbreaks occurring in the United States, through exposure of domestic livestock to swine or other susceptible species or their related unprocessed products imported from Santa Catarina, to be very low. APHIS Evaluation of the Status of the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina 9
Page 1 and 2: APHIS Evaluation of the Status of t
Page 3 and 4: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of Br
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASF: APHIS: B
Page 7: USDA: VIAA: VS: United States Depar
Page 11 and 12: managers that will allow APHIS to d
Page 13 and 14: Legal authority for animal disease
Page 15 and 16: and implement animal health activit
Page 17 and 18: Table 2. Structure and human resour
Page 19 and 20: kept, with the documentation being
Page 21 and 22: Figure 5: FMD status zones, Brazil,
Page 23 and 24: FMD Brazil currently has several di
Page 25 and 26: higher risk. In addition, the local
Page 27 and 28: officials, the private sector’s p
Page 29 and 30: Immediate assistance to States for
Page 31 and 32: 7. Movement control, biosecurity, a
Page 33 and 34: In 2005, Santa Catarina’s officia
Page 35 and 36: products, such as offal for human c
Page 37 and 38: Brazilian law prohibits all transpo
Page 39 and 40: corridor inspection posts that were
Page 41 and 42: Table 7. Livestock farms in Santa C
Page 43 and 44: Figure 10: Bovine density and distr
Page 45 and 46: The cooperative farm producers kept
Page 47 and 48: Animal gathering points In Santa Ca
Page 49 and 50: Three geographical sampling strata
Page 51 and 52: follow on notification of vesicular
Page 53 and 54: Table 10. Samples collected in 2000
Page 55 and 56: 10. Diagnostic laboratory capacity
Page 57 and 58: provide CSFV-FMDV diagnostics. Thes
Page 59 and 60:
holding and begin tracing animal mo
Page 61 and 62:
Likelihood of the introduction of n
Page 63 and 64:
Exposure Assessment An exposure ass
Page 65 and 66:
apparent [28]. Survival of both SVD
Page 67 and 68:
eradication strategies to control t
Page 69 and 70:
partners’ restrictions on animals
Page 71 and 72:
ANNEXES Annex 1. Hazard Identificat
Page 73 and 74:
assay test. Other diagnostic tests
Page 75 and 76:
Annex 3. Hazard Identification: Swi
Page 77 and 78:
Annex 5. Epidemiologic Characterist
Page 79 and 80:
REFERENCES 1. Office International
Page 81 and 82:
43. Green, J.W. and Grannis, J.L. E
Page 83 and 84:
2. Title 9, Code of Federal Regulat
Page 85 and 86:
45. Kitching, R., et al. Developmen
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Exhibit 8, 100416 Brazil FMD Risk Evaluation - R-Calf

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