SOP for Flood Forecasting & Early Warning - UNESCO Islamabad

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Table 1.2 Flood Limits (In Lacs of Cusecs) RIVER SITE DESIGN CAPACITY LOW MED HIGH VERY HIGH EX. HIGH INDUS TARBELA 15.0 2.5 3.75 5.0 6.5 8.0 ATTOCK - 2.5 3.75 5.0 6.5 8.0 KALABAGH 9.5 2.5 3.75 5.0 6.5 8.0 CHASHMA 9.5 2.5 3.75 5.0 6.5 8.0 TAUNSA 11.0 2.5 3.75 5.0 6.5 8.0 GUDDU 12.0 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 SUKKUR 9.0 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 9.0 KOTRI 8.5 2.0 3.0 4.5 6.5 8.0 JHELUM KOHALA - 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 MANGLA 10.6 0.75 1.1 1.5 2.25 3.0 RASUL 8.5 0.75 1.1 1.5 2.25 3.0 CHENAB MARALA 11.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0 6.0 KHANKI 8.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0 6.0 QADIRABAD 8.07 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0 6.0 TRIMMU 6.45 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.5 6.0 PANJNAD 7.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.5 6.0 RAVI JASSAR 2.75 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 RAVI SYPHON 4.5 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.35 1.8 SHAHDARA 2.5 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.35 1.8 BALLOKI 2.25 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.35 1.8 SIDHNAI 1.5 0.3 0.46 0.6 0.9 1.3 SUTLEJ SULEMANKI 3.25 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.75 2.25 ISLAM 3.0 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.75 2.25 KABUL WARSAK 5.4 0.3 0.45 1.0 2.0 4.0 NOWSHERA 0.45 0.47 1.0 2.0 1.0 c:\documents and settings\administrator\desktop\cd material nust\international training workshop\session 5\2_sop pmd_51 pages.doc
Table 1.3 S.No. Flood Limits NAME OF NULLAH PLACE LOW FLOOD MEDIUM FLOOD HIGH FLOOD VERY HIGH FLOOD EXCEPT HIGH FLOOD 1. BEIN Chak Amru 1300 7000 20000 30000 35000 & above 2. BEIN Shaker Garh 1600 3000 24000 26000 43000 & above 3. AIK Ura 2000 9000 13000 16000 33000 & above 4. BASANTAR Jassar 4100 4700 7500 11600 17800 & above 5. DEG Q.S. Singh 3600 7500 15000 30000 35000 & above 6. PALKHU Wazirabad 2500 3100 5000 25000 26000 & above 1.4 Causes of Floods in Pakistan Pakistan has unique flood forecasting problems, which can be appreciated only if the meteorological causes of the floods are first understood. Floods in Pakistan are mainly caused by the heavy monsoon rains during the summer monsoon period from July to September. Officially, the flood season extends a little further to cater for any possible exceptions and covers the period form 15 th June to 15 th October. There are two situations which cause flood producing rains in the upper catchments (Annex-1) of the rivers. The two meteorological situations in relations to different conditions of intensity and movement of monsoon low/depression may produce three categories of floods as described below. i) Meteorological Situation For Category-I Floods This is the situation when the seasonal low, which is a semi permanent weather system generally sitated over south eastern Balochistan, south western Punjab and adjoining parts of Sindh gets occasionally intensified (due to the passage of a westerly wave) and thus causes the moisture from the Arabian Sea to be brought up to the upper catchments of Chenab and Jhelum rivers resulting in the heavy downpour along the windward slopes of the mountain ranges due to the orographic lifting of the moist air mass. Rainfall is generally short lived and occurs either in the late afternoon/evening or during the early morning lasting for a maximum period of about six hours. Floods under this condition are the Category-I floods, which may cause a short peak ranging from 3 to 5 lac cusecs under extreme conditions. Most common1y, the peak is limited to within 3 lac c:\documents and settings\administrator\desktop\cd material nust\international training workshop\session 5\2_sop pmd_51 pages.doc
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Page 3 and 4: Introduction Planes of Pakistan hav
Page 5: Chapter 1 Flood Causes & Management
Page 9 and 10: c. Continue moving in the northerly
Page 11 and 12: the financial and technical support
Page 13 and 14: Heaviest and the most frequent summ
Page 15 and 16: i) Qualitative flood forecast ii) Q
Page 17 and 18: High/Critical flood equivalent to _
Page 19 and 20: ) Areal Flood Inundation Flood Fore
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 3 Responsibilities of the F
Page 23 and 24: placed in the forecasts issued by C
Page 25 and 26: especially in respect of the river
Page 27 and 28: season. During the flood emergency,
Page 29 and 30: the Engineers. Lack of understandin
Page 31 and 32: FFC was established in 1977 to prov
Page 33 and 34: Sukkur and Kotri barrages were rece
Page 35 and 36: appropriate recipient: the flood fo
Page 37 and 38: FLOOD ROUTING THROUGH MANGLA RESERV
Page 39 and 40: Annexture-5C FLOOD ROUTING THROUGH
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SOP for Flood Forecasting & Early Warning - UNESCO Islamabad

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