Report - Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights

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O<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong>mes arising from <strong>the</strong> Fiji consultation included <strong>the</strong> particular difficulties encountered by women belonging to particularly vulnerable groups, such as women suffering from disabilities, indigenous women, and lesbians, as well as <strong>the</strong> recurrent inconsistencies between customary law and national and international laws and constitutional provisions that guarantee equal rights for women. The ongoing retrogression in women’s enjoyment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> right to adequate housing and land was also addressed, which was complemented by an examination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> impacts <strong>of</strong> urbanization, armed conflict, development and globalization. For many women throughout <strong>the</strong> Pacific region, <strong>the</strong> loss or sacrifice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir rights has become a routine occurrence, <strong>of</strong>ten with no recourse or remedy in sight. The use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> concept <strong>of</strong> violence against women, as an inroads to understanding <strong>the</strong> ways in which women experience violations <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir right to adequate housing, has proved particularly effective in fur<strong>the</strong>ring our understanding <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> contexts within which women’s rights are violated. Of particular note is <strong>the</strong> predominant use – <strong>of</strong>ten with impunity - <strong>of</strong> violence against women by State and non-State actors as a tool <strong>of</strong> patriarchal systems and structures that both prevents women from realizing <strong>the</strong>ir right to housing, and fur<strong>the</strong>r entrenches <strong>the</strong> pervasive culture <strong>of</strong> silence that, heret<strong>of</strong>ore, has hindered efforts at a thorough and rigorous treatment <strong>of</strong> women’s housing issues. During <strong>the</strong> Consultation as, one by one, participants shared <strong>the</strong>ir moving personal testimonies, it became clear that women in <strong>the</strong> region tend to experience discrimination on multiple levels. Grounding <strong>the</strong> understanding <strong>of</strong> women’s rights and <strong>the</strong>ir violation in women’s experiences elucidated fur<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> need to apply a substantive equality approach to issues <strong>of</strong> gender equality, and an intersectionality approach to non-discrimination. By implementing such approaches, we become better able to address both structural and individual inequalities, as well as more closely examine <strong>the</strong> differential manifestation <strong>of</strong> adequate housing between individuals due to <strong>the</strong> compounded effect <strong>of</strong> converging sources <strong>of</strong> discrimination. The many problems highlighted throughout <strong>the</strong> Fiji Consultation led participants to agree upon <strong>the</strong> need for much greater civil society and UN agency attention on <strong>the</strong>se issues. They also <strong>of</strong>fered several practical recommendations regarding <strong>the</strong> review <strong>of</strong> existing laws and revision <strong>of</strong> formal and customary legal practices that deny women equal access to housing, land and inheritance, <strong>the</strong> fostering <strong>of</strong> women’s participation in decision-making processes relevant to housing and land, <strong>the</strong> creation <strong>of</strong> collaborative mechanisms to foster interaction with <strong>the</strong> United Nations, and <strong>the</strong> encouragement <strong>of</strong> fur<strong>the</strong>r cooperation between women’s interest groups and housing organizations. It becomes clear, <strong>the</strong>refore, that <strong>the</strong> experiences <strong>of</strong> women shared during <strong>the</strong> consultations can contribute significantly to both streng<strong>the</strong>ning standard setting at <strong>the</strong> national and international level, as well as informing processes <strong>of</strong> policy formation. Throughout <strong>the</strong> ongoing consultations, women demonstrated tremendous personal strength and tenacity through continual efforts to reassert <strong>the</strong>ir agency. This is reflected in <strong>the</strong> strategies identified for <strong>the</strong> local, national and international level, in <strong>the</strong> areas <strong>of</strong> legal strategies, state regulation, economic strategies, social mobilization and awareness raising, research, and direct action. These regional consultations, begun in 2003, have inaugurated a process that since has extended to o<strong>the</strong>r regions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> world, including Asia, east Africa, <strong>the</strong> Middle East and North Africa, Latin America, North America, Eastern Europe/Central Asia and <strong>the</strong> western Mediterranean Basin. Of all <strong>the</strong> positive outcomes that <strong>the</strong>se consultations have engendered, one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most fruitful has been <strong>the</strong> cross- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VII
fertilization <strong>of</strong> work on women’s right to adequate housing, with appreciably increased linkages between housing rights networks and women’s rights networks now in place across <strong>the</strong> globe. What remains to be seen, however, is how <strong>the</strong> world’s government will respond to <strong>the</strong> deep-felt anguish that women have voiced worldwide as <strong>the</strong>y continue to give expression to <strong>the</strong>ir adversity, and struggle to secure <strong>the</strong>ir right to adequate housing and land. Miloon Kothari United Nations Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing March 2006 VIII WOMEN’S RIGHTS TO ADEQUATE HOUSEING AND LAND
Page 1 and 2: Proceedings of <st
Page 3 and 4: Author: Editors: Publisher: Design
Page 5 and 6: List of Acronyms a
Page 7: Preface The Fiji Consultation on wo
Page 11 and 12: 8. Annexes Annex A: List of
Page 13 and 14: • To enable participants to artic
Page 15 and 16: Recommend that donors implement gen
Page 17 and 18: To meet these obje
Page 19 and 20: Each consultation provides a unique
Page 21 and 22: 2.4 The Elements of</strong
Page 23 and 24: There are ten steps to the<
Page 25 and 26: Participants used the</stro
Page 27 and 28: - ensuring the “
Page 29 and 30: - Implementation bodies (e.g. UNDP,
Page 31 and 32: Palestine - Habitat International C
Page 33 and 34: of the</st
Page 35 and 36: “In the Cook Isl
Page 37 and 38: The peace talks focused primarily o
Page 39 and 40: diseases (STDs), HIV/AIDS etc; <str
Page 41 and 42: I look at myself, at us and wonder
Page 43 and 44: That rainbow shirt you wear hurts m
Page 45 and 46: • Discriminatory laws (e.g. penal
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It is also important to note that v
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• Change men’s attitudes toward
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decision-makers to raise th
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7 Conclusion The consultations bega
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56 WOMEN’S RIGHTS TO ADEQUATE HOU
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15. Filipo Masaurua Regional Rights
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the meaning in no
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12:30-1:30 Using the</stron
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Consultation Dinner DAY FOUR, 15 Oc
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Legal Sources of <
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Over-riding Principles Internationa
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Gender Differences: Common heritage
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Preventative measures: Goals <stron
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What is Secure Tenure Entry Point t
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Access to Adequate Serviced Shelter
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Themes emerging from the</s
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Working with civil society Mobilisi
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Q7. How have the w
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Q19. Do women face any particular c
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of VAW as per <str
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102 WOMEN’S RIGHTS TO ADEQUATE HO
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The living place must be free from
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ii. Sources of <st
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Gender Equality 3 Women and men are
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HLRN Housing Rights Monitoring Tool
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The material and othe</stro
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Land : The landed property not asso
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Victims’ Non-material Losses Heal
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Forced Eviction Evaluation Matrix T
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Guarantees Causes Victims Vulnerabi
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Group 2 - Discrimination Case - a l
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Group 3 - Legal and cultural obstac
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Group 4 - Urbanisation (Tuvalu - ru
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Group 5 - Indigenous (PNG Case) Cas
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Entitlements - All the</str
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Poem: “A WIDOW” A bad one, Not
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have not been a priority. “Land i
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etween the PNG gov
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The tailings contained heavy metals
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different customs and tradition. Th
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The following is a pressing example
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Or did I not hear it right Women an
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- Cultural impacts - my mot
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employment or furthe</stron
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Actions/Recommendations - - Governm
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The current rapidly growing and ove
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my parents were supportive
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Susie Saitala Kofe
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what other options
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Element - Culture: Women must fulfi
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work very much from an inclusive, p
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My partner and I have moved three t
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Actions/Interventions - The Sexual
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you hope for a lift with a passing
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e.g. when mothers
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Element - Security of</stro
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Impacts - No sense of</stro
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Cultural appropriateness - What is
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Lynssay Francis, Cook Islands This
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State - The government is trying to
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At the age <strong
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- National Policy on Gender and Dev
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Testimonies on Housing, Land and Pr
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members burnt the
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Since 1995 they ha
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The funding for the</strong
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Reginald Kipe, Vanuatu Vanuatu is c
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Actions/Interventions - - More lega
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Case study 2 - rural women migratin
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“It has been important to listen
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Report - Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights

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