Table 15: Theoretical benefit from a CRT-monitor in the IS in Colombia. Minimum and maximum weight come from literature while prices are according to the field survey. 18 Material/Part min Weight (kg/unit) max Actual material price in the IS (COP/kg) Benefit (COP/unit) Plastic 1.90 2.47 0 0 0 Copper 0.23 0.41 6,000-9,000 1,380 3,690 Steel 0.79 0.80 <strong>10</strong>00-2,<strong>10</strong>0 790 1,680 Ferrous metal 0.09 0.45 200-300 18 61 Aluminium 0.08 0.23 1,500-2,000 120 460 PWB 1.20 1.58 0 0 0 CRT 4.82 8.50 0 0 0 Mixed wiring 0.<strong>29</strong> 0.46 2,000-5,400 580 2,484 min max Total (kg/unit) 9.40 14.89 Benefit range (COP/unit) 2,888 8,375 According to Table 15, the benefits gained by informal dismantlers from each CRTmonitor range between 2,900 and 8,400 COP, while investing less than one hour of work. Nevertheless, these numbers strongly depend on the copper price. During the field survey, only a few individuals, IT shops or chatarrerías were found buying entire monitors that they dismantle. The prices in this case range from 2,000 to 4,000 COP per unit, meaning that a reciclador getting a damaged monitor can sell it at this price or dismantle it himself and maybe earn a little more money. The price a cooperative would have to pay, supported by the PRO, to “compete” with this IS price in order to be sure to catch a big amount of the CRT-monitors can be estimated to 5,000 or 6,000 COP per unit, which is equivalent to 160 or 260 USD/ton. The calculations shown in Table 16 are made under the hypo<strong>thesis</strong> that 60% of the amount of CRT-monitor waste produced in the next years pass through the hands of the recicladores and that a PRO wants to redirect this flow from the IS into the formal sector. The initial amounts of CRT-monitor waste are those calculated in the middle scenario developed in chapter 3.1. The annual cost to redirect the considered quantities of CRT-monitors to a state-ofthe-art recycling would be at its maximum around 497,000 USD for 2011 and then decrease until reaching 12,000 USD in 2020 according to the decline of CRTmonitors. The overall cost for the decade 2011-2020 would be 2.3 millions USD. 18 As of June 11 th , 20<strong>10</strong>, the exchange rate of the Colombian Peso is 1,940 COP to 1 US dollar. <strong>This</strong> rate has been taken for all the calculations in this chapter. 48
Table 16: Calculations of the cost for the diversion of CRT-monitors from informal to formal sector (Mio. COP = millions of COP). Year CRT-monitors arriving to the IS (60% of annual CRT waste) Cost of diversion to the formal sector (5,000 COP/unit) Mio. COP/year USD/year Projections new PCs sold (units) Diversion cost in % of the new PC sales assuming 890 USD/PC 2011 192,925 964.6 497,230 2,169,122
- Page 3 and 4:
Abstract In Colombia, as in other d
- Page 5 and 6:
Glossary Chatarrerías - A term use
- Page 7 and 8: 3.3.2 Informal refurbishment and r
- Page 9: List of Tables Table 1: General inf
- Page 12 and 13: 1.2 Colombia as case study The Repu
- Page 14 and 15: (both laptop and desktop) in Colomb
- Page 16 and 17: collection, refurbishment, manual d
- Page 18 and 19: 2 METHODS 2.1 Computer waste genera
- Page 20 and 21: Table 4: Parameters used for the co
- Page 22 and 23: made. This means that from the tota
- Page 24 and 25: 2.3.1 Definitions The following imp
- Page 26 and 27: Table 7: Average composition and we
- Page 28 and 29: M c ik = ˙ ik ˙ (9) F i The distr
- Page 30 and 31: In 2009, waste of more recent techn
- Page 32 and 33: 200 and 350 tons. Based on the latt
- Page 34 and 35: iggest formal e-waste recycling com
- Page 36 and 37: this study, the term “informal co
- Page 38 and 39: A pilot project conducted in Bogot
- Page 40 and 41: Figure 12: Manual dismantling of co
- Page 42 and 43: city. Scrap metal dealers are then
- Page 44 and 45: The direct MSW collection rate is t
- Page 46 and 47: In the three scenarios, informally
- Page 48 and 49: are mixed with common glass, or are
- Page 50 and 51: entering the market are almost excl
- Page 52 and 53: Non treated (low-grade PWBs) Formal
- Page 54 and 55: Refurbish Formal treatment Worst ca
- Page 56 and 57: introduction of an Advanced Recycli
- Page 60 and 61: 3.5.1.3 Social benefits Allowing th
- Page 62 and 63: 3.5.2.2 Environmental benefits Evid
- Page 64 and 65: 4 FINAL REMARKS 4.1 Computer waste
- Page 66 and 67: possible intervention points. There
- Page 68 and 69: small metal parts that can be sold,
- Page 70 and 71: 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to
- Page 72 and 73: Gmünder S. (2007). Recycling - Fro
- Page 74 and 75: Uribe L.M., Wolfensberger M. y Ott,
- Page 76 and 77: Appendix A.2: List of expert interv
- Page 78 and 79: Appendix B.1: Flow scheme for the
- Page 80 and 81: Appendix C.2: Flow Matrix for the
Change language