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DIFFERENtIAl & DIFFERENCE EqUAtIONS ANd APPlICAtIONS

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MONOTONE TECHNIQUE FOR NONLINEAR<br />

SECOND-ORDER PERIODIC BOUNDARY VALUE<br />

PROBLEM IN TERMS OF TWO MONOTONE FUNCTIONS<br />

COSKUN YAKAR AND ALI SIRMA<br />

This paper investigates the fundamental theorem concerning the existence of coupled<br />

minimal and maximal solutions of the second-order nonlinear periodic boundary value<br />

problems involving the sum of two different functions. We have such a problem in applied<br />

mathematics, which has several applications to the theory of monotone iterative<br />

techniques for periodic problems, as has been pointed in the several results and theorems<br />

made in the paper.<br />

Copyright © 2006 C. Yakar and A. Sırma. This is an open access article distributed under<br />

the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution,<br />

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.<br />

1. Introduction<br />

The method of upper and lower solutions has been effectively used, an interesting and<br />

fruitful technique, for proving the existence results for a wide variety of nonlinear periodic<br />

boundary value problems. When coupled with monotone iterative technique, it<br />

manifests itself as an effective and flexible mechanism that offers theoretical as well as<br />

constructive existence results in a closed set, generated by lower and upper solutions.<br />

One obtains a constructive procedure for obtaining the solutions of the nonlinear problems<br />

besides enabling the study of the qualitative properties of the solutions of periodic<br />

boundary value problems. The concept embedded in these techniques has proved to be<br />

of enormous value and has played an important role consolidating a wide variety of nonlinear<br />

problems [1–4]. Moreover, iteration schemes are also useful for the investigation<br />

of qualitative properties of the solutions, particularly, in unifying a variety of periodic<br />

nonlinear boundary value problems.<br />

We have to refer [1, 2] for an excellent and comprehensive introduction to the monotone<br />

iterative techniques for nonlinear periodic boundary value problems.<br />

This method has further been exploited in combination with the method of quasilinearization<br />

to obtain concurrently the lower and upper bounding monotone sequences,<br />

whose elements are solutions of linear boundary value problems which converge unifomly<br />

and monotonically to the unique solution of (2.1) and the convergence is quadratic.<br />

Hindawi Publishing Corporation<br />

Proceedings of the Conference on Differential & Difference Equations and Applications, pp. 1217–1229

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