DIFFERENtIAl & DIFFERENCE EqUAtIONS ANd APPlICAtIONS
DIFFERENtIAl & DIFFERENCE EqUAtIONS ANd APPlICAtIONS
DIFFERENtIAl & DIFFERENCE EqUAtIONS ANd APPlICAtIONS
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MONOTONE TECHNIQUE FOR NONLINEAR<br />
SECOND-ORDER PERIODIC BOUNDARY VALUE<br />
PROBLEM IN TERMS OF TWO MONOTONE FUNCTIONS<br />
COSKUN YAKAR AND ALI SIRMA<br />
This paper investigates the fundamental theorem concerning the existence of coupled<br />
minimal and maximal solutions of the second-order nonlinear periodic boundary value<br />
problems involving the sum of two different functions. We have such a problem in applied<br />
mathematics, which has several applications to the theory of monotone iterative<br />
techniques for periodic problems, as has been pointed in the several results and theorems<br />
made in the paper.<br />
Copyright © 2006 C. Yakar and A. Sırma. This is an open access article distributed under<br />
the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution,<br />
and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.<br />
1. Introduction<br />
The method of upper and lower solutions has been effectively used, an interesting and<br />
fruitful technique, for proving the existence results for a wide variety of nonlinear periodic<br />
boundary value problems. When coupled with monotone iterative technique, it<br />
manifests itself as an effective and flexible mechanism that offers theoretical as well as<br />
constructive existence results in a closed set, generated by lower and upper solutions.<br />
One obtains a constructive procedure for obtaining the solutions of the nonlinear problems<br />
besides enabling the study of the qualitative properties of the solutions of periodic<br />
boundary value problems. The concept embedded in these techniques has proved to be<br />
of enormous value and has played an important role consolidating a wide variety of nonlinear<br />
problems [1–4]. Moreover, iteration schemes are also useful for the investigation<br />
of qualitative properties of the solutions, particularly, in unifying a variety of periodic<br />
nonlinear boundary value problems.<br />
We have to refer [1, 2] for an excellent and comprehensive introduction to the monotone<br />
iterative techniques for nonlinear periodic boundary value problems.<br />
This method has further been exploited in combination with the method of quasilinearization<br />
to obtain concurrently the lower and upper bounding monotone sequences,<br />
whose elements are solutions of linear boundary value problems which converge unifomly<br />
and monotonically to the unique solution of (2.1) and the convergence is quadratic.<br />
Hindawi Publishing Corporation<br />
Proceedings of the Conference on Differential & Difference Equations and Applications, pp. 1217–1229