A B C of Gothic Architecture

16 THE EAELr N-ORMAN PEEIOD.
"works wMcli were going on at this period ; the cathedrals
and large monasteries must have occupiednearlyall
their attention. The ordinaryparishchurches which
requiredrebuildingmust have been left to the Saxons
themselves, and were probablybuilt in the same manner
as before,with such slightimprovements as they
might have gleanedfrom the Norman works.
The I^ormans themselves were, however, but little
in advance of the English in the building art: the
stylewhich we call JS'orman correctlyfor this country^
is called by the French archaeologistsAnglo-Noemajt,
and with reason ; that stylewas developedas much in
England as
in Normandy.
Gtjndtjlph,Bishop of Eochester, was the great architect
of the time of William the Conqueror. The
first buildingof his that we have remaining is the keep
of his castle at Mailing, in Kent, called St. Leonard's
Tower, which was built about 1070. This is of earlier
character
than
any keep in Normandy. M. de
Caumont examined the sites of the castles of all the
barons who came over to England with William, and
he found no masonry of that period in any one of
them. Their castles had consisted of very
fine earthworks
and wood only^. Soon after this time, Gun-
"" This is recorded in the Bulletin Monumental of the period,
and in the AMcedaire of M. de Caumont.