Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Saguaro ... - USGS

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Figure 5.2. Location of section breaks for non-breeding season (winter) bird transects and nocturnal survey stations, Saguaro National Park, Rincon Mountain District, 2001 and 2002. one-minute intervals beginning at the start of the active period), and the sex and/or age class (adult or juvenile), if known. We did not measure distances to birds that were flying overhead nor did we use techniques to attract birds (e.g., “pishing”). We made an effort to avoid doublecounting individuals. If we observed a species during the “passive” count period (between the eight-minute counts), which had not been recorded previously at a station on that visit, we recorded its distance to the nearest station. Effort In 2001, we spent more effort surveying at focal-point stations (n = 272) than at non- 48 random stations (n = 160; Table 5.2). In 2002 we surveyed exclusively at non-random stations, both repeat-visit (n = 130) and reconnaissance (n = 107). In both years the number of stations and visits varied among transects except for random transects, which had four stations that we visited four times in 2001 (Table 5.2). Analysis Relative Abundance. We calculated relative abundance of each species along each transect as the number of detections at all stations and visits (including zero values) and divided by effort (total number of visits multiplied by total number of stations). We reduced our full collection of
Table 5.2. Summary of bird survey effort, Saguaro National Park, Rincon Mountain District, 2001–2003. Sample size (n) was used in calculating relative abundance for each transect and year. Years(s) Random or Number of 2001 2002/2003 Survey type Non-random Community type Transect name(s) stations Visits n Visits n Repeat-visit VCP Randomb Low Sonoran Desertscrub 112, 115, 130, 138, 139 20 4 80 Middle Sonoran Desertscrub 121 4 4 16 Oak Savannah 101, 106, 111, 189 16 4 64 Pine-oak Woodland 120, 125 8 4 32 High Pine-oak Woodland 107, 128, 155 12 4 48 Conifer Forest 113, 191 8 4 32 Non-random Riparian Lower Rincon Creek 8 4 32 7 55 Upper Rincon Creek 4 4 16 5 35 Box Canyon 7 4 28 5 35 Upper Loma Verde Wash 2-5 4 8 3 15 Pine-oak Woodland Happy Valley Saddle 6 4 24 2 12 Conifer Forest Rincon Peak 4 4 16 2 8 Reconnaissance VCP Non-random Low Bridal Wreath Falls 7 1 7 Broadway Trailhead 8 1 8 Chimenea Creek 6 1 6 Freeman Road 8 1 8 Freeman Wash 4 1 4 Loma Verde Wash 8 1 8 Madrona Canyon 6 1 6 Middle Douglas Spring 4-8 2 12 Juniper Spring 5 1 5 High Deer Head Spring 5 1 5 Italian Spring 8 1 8 Manning Cabin 8 1 8 Mica Mountain 5 1 5 Mica Mountain Trail 4 1 4 North Slope Trail 8 1 8 Upper Juniper Basin 5 1 5 Line transect Non-random Douglas Spring 12 4 48 Lower Rincon Creek 13 4 52 Upper Loma Verde 8 4 36 Nocturnal Non-random Low Box Canyon 2 1 2 Loop Drive 6 4 24 1 6 Rincon Creek 4-6 3 18 1 4 Middle Cowhead Saddle 4 2 8 Juniper Basin 3 1 3 High Happy Valley 3 3 9 Italian Spring 2 1 2 Manning 4 3 12 1 4 Spud Rock Spring 4 1 4 a Low = 6,000 feet. b All transects had four stations and were surveyed four times. observations for each repeat-visit VCP station to a subset of data that was more appropriate for estimating relative abundance. We used only those detections that occurred ≤ 75 m from count stations because detectability is influenced by conspicuousness of birds (i.e., loud, large, or colorful species are more detectable than others) and environmental conditions (dense vegetation can reduce likelihood of some detections). 49 Truncating detections may reduce the influence of these factors (Verner and Ritter 1983; for a review of factors influencing detectability see Anderson 2001a, Pollock et al. 2002). We also excluded observations of birds that were flying over the station, birds observed outside of the eight-minute count period, and unknown species. Some observations met more than one of these criteria for exclusion from analysis. We report
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Powell, Halvorson, Schmidt Vascular
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U.S. Department of the Interior DIR
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Table of Contents Report Dedication
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Table 5.8. Number of breeding behav
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Figure 6.5. Locations of non-random
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Report Dedication Eric Wells Albrec
Page 15 and 16: Acknowledgements Thanks to Saguaro
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary This report summa
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1: Introduction to the Inve
Page 21 and 22: them out. This information, in conj
Page 23 and 24: communities and is especially usefu
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 2: Park Overview Brian F. P
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.2. Aerial photograph showi
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2.4. Diagram of the major ve
Page 31: Non-native Species and Changes to V
Page 34 and 35: General Botanizing Methods We colle
Page 36 and 37: Figure 3.3. Locations of modified-W
Page 38 and 39: Focal-points: General Patterns We f
Page 40 and 41: Percent 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Plant
Page 42 and 43: well (Swantek et al. 1999). The mos
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4: Amphibian and Reptile In
Page 47 and 48: Figure 4.2. Locations of intensive
Page 49 and 50: features. We based extensive survey
Page 51 and 52: B). Reptilian species included two
Page 53 and 54: Table 4.6. Relative abundance (mean
Page 57 and 58: Cumulative number of species 50 40
Page 59 and 60: elevation range of the district all
Page 61: in recent years due to sedimentatio
Page 64 and 65: Spatial Sampling Designs We establi
Page 68 and 69: the relative abundance by repeat-vi
Page 70 and 71: Analysis We report relative abundan
Page 72 and 73: with some pine trees, mostly pinyon
Page 74 and 75: Riparian Sonoran Desertscrub Oak Pi
Page 76 and 77: Table 5.5. Mean relative abundance
Page 80 and 81: Nest Adults carrying objects Other
Page 82 and 83: Cumulative number of species Cumula
Page 84 and 85: can impact other native plant and v
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 6: Mammal Inventory Don E.
Page 89 and 90: Figure 6.3. Locations of random (fo
Page 91 and 92: calculated relative abundance by pl
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6.5. Locations of non-random
Page 95 and 96: (2) Receiver triggers camera to tak
Page 97 and 98: Excluding the results for the white
Page 99 and 100: Table 6.5. Number of photographs of
Page 101 and 102: Cumulative number of species Cumula
Page 103 and 104: point out that the pond at Manning
Page 105 and 106: There is some suggestion that popul
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 7: Literature Cited Albrech
Page 109 and 110: Davis, R., and C. Dunford. 1987. An
Page 111 and 112: Kirkpatrick, C., C. J. Conway, and
Page 113 and 114: Rice, J., B. W. Anderson, and R. D.
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100 Family Scientific name Common n
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130 Order Voucher Specimen (S), Fam
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132 UA survey type Survey or specie
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138 Survey type Documentation type
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Voucher Collection type Taxon Speci
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Appendix F. List of existing vouche
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Taxon Common name Collectiona Colle
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Appendix G. Mean frequency of detec
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Species Total transects observed Lo
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Oak Savannah Pine-oak Woodland Coni
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Appendix I. Details of small-mammal
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Random or Camera Number of Number o
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