Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Saguaro ... - USGS

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with some pine trees, mostly pinyon and ponderosa pine (Happy Valley Saddle). • Conifer Forest. Two high-elevation random transects (113 and 191) and one non-random transect (Rincon Peak). Forests of ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, and some Gambel oak. Repeat-visit VCP Surveys We recorded 143 species at all repeat-visit VCP stations combined. We found the most species in the Riparian community (n = 102 species) and fewest species in the Conifer Forest community (n = 51; Appendix G), though survey effort among communities was unequal (Table 5.2). The number of species found in the other three communities was intermediate (Appendix G). As expected, estimates of species richness (using the 1 st order jackknife procedure) followed the same pattern: the Riparian community was the most species rich (n = 119 species) and the Conifer Forest was the least species rich (n = 69). The Sonoran Desertscrub (n = 97 species), Pine-oak Woodland (n = 93 species), and Oak Savannah (n = 79) were intermediate. We recorded twelve species in all five communities and 39 species in only a single community (Appendix G). The ash-throated flycatcher was the most widespread species; we recorded it on 93% (21 of 23) of repeat-visit transects. We recorded four other species at >75% of transects: rufous-crowned sparrow, common raven, brown-headed cowbird, and white-winged dove. We recorded an additional 22 species on >50% of transects and an equal number of species on only a single transect. The white-winged dove had the highest mean frequency of detection (1.25 + 0.44) across strata and it was the only species for which we recorded 54 an average of over one individual per station. The mourning dove (0.98 + 0.42) and ashthroated flycatcher (0.85 + 0.24) were the only other species with relative frequency of detection estimates > 0.75. There were differences in mean relative abundance estimates among transects (F 4, 263 = 4.2, P = 0.003, ANOVA on log-transformed data). Specifically, the Conifer Forest community was different from both the Riparian and Pineoak Woodland communities (Table 5.3). Mean species richness per visit also varied among communities (Table 5.3; F 4, 111 = 6.7, P = < 0.001, ANOVA). The Riparian community had the most species per visit and was significantly different from all communities except the Conifer Forest community. We calculated relative abundance for 120 species (Table 5.4). The most abundant species (based on relative abundance estimates) for each community type were: • Riparian: verdin, Lucy’s warbler, and mourning dove; • Sonoran Desertscrub: black-throated sparrow, cactus wren, and verdin; • Oak Savannah: Bewick’s wren, rufouscrowned sparrow, and ash-throated flycatcher; • Pine-oak Woodland: Bewick’s wren, spotted towhee, and black-throated gray warbler; • Conifer Forest: yellow-eyed junco, mountain chickadee, and spotted towhee and cordilleran flycatcher. Reconnaissance VCP Surveys We recorded 75 species during reconnaissance VCP surveys in 2002, including two species that we did not record during repeat-visit VCP Table 5.3. Bird measures by community type and compared using Tukey-Kramer multiple pairwise procedure, Saguaro National Park, Rincon Mountain District, 2001 and 2002. Communities with different superscripted letter(s) are significantly different (P < 0.05). Riparian Sonoran Desertscrub Oak Savannah Pine-oak Woodland Conifer Forest Bird measure Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Relative abundance (log transformed) -3.4 a 0.2 -3.1 a 0.2 -2.7 b 0.2 -3.2 a 0.2 -2.2 b 0.2 Species richness a 25.9 a 0.7 22.1 b 0.8 21.2 b 1.1 20.6 b 0.9 22.1 b 1.2 a From 1 st order jackknife procedure.
Table 5.4. Relative abundance (mean + SD) by community type for birds recorded during repeat-visit VCP surveys, Saguaro National Park, Rincon Mountain District, 2001 and 2002. Relative abundance estimates exclude flyovers and birds observed >75m from stations. Coefficient of variation (CV) is SD divided by the mean; low CV indicates less within-community variability of relative abundance. Riparian Sonoran Desertscrub Oak Pine-oak Conifer Forest (n = 4) (n = 6) Savannah (n = 4) Woodland (n = 6) (n = 3) Species Mean SD CV Mean SD CV Mean SD CV Mean SD CV Mean SD CV Gambel’s quail 0.50 0.24 0.5 0.06 0.10 1.6 0.14 0.24 1.7 Montezuma quail 0.01 0.02 2.4 0.02 0.03 2.0 0.01 0.02 2.4 turkey vulture 0.01 0.02 2.0 Cooper’s hawk 0.02 0.01 0.7 northern goshawk 0.01 0.02 2.4 gray hawk
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Powell, Halvorson, Schmidt Vascular
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U.S. Department of the Interior DIR
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Table of Contents Report Dedication
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Table 5.8. Number of breeding behav
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Figure 6.5. Locations of non-random
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Report Dedication Eric Wells Albrec
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Acknowledgements Thanks to Saguaro
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Executive Summary This report summa
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Inve
Page 21 and 22: them out. This information, in conj
Page 23 and 24: communities and is especially usefu
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 2: Park Overview Brian F. P
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.2. Aerial photograph showi
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2.4. Diagram of the major ve
Page 31: Non-native Species and Changes to V
Page 34 and 35: General Botanizing Methods We colle
Page 36 and 37: Figure 3.3. Locations of modified-W
Page 38 and 39: Focal-points: General Patterns We f
Page 40 and 41: Percent 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Plant
Page 42 and 43: well (Swantek et al. 1999). The mos
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4: Amphibian and Reptile In
Page 47 and 48: Figure 4.2. Locations of intensive
Page 49 and 50: features. We based extensive survey
Page 51 and 52: B). Reptilian species included two
Page 53 and 54: Table 4.6. Relative abundance (mean
Page 57 and 58: Cumulative number of species 50 40
Page 59 and 60: elevation range of the district all
Page 61: in recent years due to sedimentatio
Page 64 and 65: Spatial Sampling Designs We establi
Page 66 and 67: Figure 5.2. Location of section bre
Page 68 and 69: the relative abundance by repeat-vi
Page 70 and 71: Analysis We report relative abundan
Page 74 and 75: Riparian Sonoran Desertscrub Oak Pi
Page 76 and 77: Table 5.5. Mean relative abundance
Page 80 and 81: Nest Adults carrying objects Other
Page 82 and 83: Cumulative number of species Cumula
Page 84 and 85: can impact other native plant and v
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 6: Mammal Inventory Don E.
Page 89 and 90: Figure 6.3. Locations of random (fo
Page 91 and 92: calculated relative abundance by pl
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6.5. Locations of non-random
Page 95 and 96: (2) Receiver triggers camera to tak
Page 97 and 98: Excluding the results for the white
Page 99 and 100: Table 6.5. Number of photographs of
Page 101 and 102: Cumulative number of species Cumula
Page 103 and 104: point out that the pond at Manning
Page 105 and 106: There is some suggestion that popul
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 7: Literature Cited Albrech
Page 109 and 110: Davis, R., and C. Dunford. 1987. An
Page 111 and 112: Kirkpatrick, C., C. J. Conway, and
Page 113 and 114: Rice, J., B. W. Anderson, and R. D.
Page 115: orderlands. Pp. 15-16. In effects o
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104 Family Scientific name Common n
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130 Order Voucher Specimen (S), Fam
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132 UA survey type Survey or specie
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138 Survey type Documentation type
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Voucher Collection type Taxon Speci
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Appendix F. List of existing vouche
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Taxon Common name Collectiona Colle
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Appendix G. Mean frequency of detec
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Species Total transects observed Lo
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Oak Savannah Pine-oak Woodland Coni
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Appendix I. Details of small-mammal
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Random or Camera Number of Number o
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Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Saguaro ... - USGS

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