Finding Potential Sites for Small-Scale Hydro Power in Uganda: a ...

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Table 3.2 Capacity and production of small-scale hydropower in 1990. Source: WEC 1994.Region Capacity (MW) Production (GWh)North America 4,302 19,738Latin America 1,113 4,607Western Europe 7,231 30,239E Europe and CIS 2,296 9,438Mid East and N Africa 45 118Sub-Saharan Africa 181 476Pacific 102 407China 3,890 15,334Asia 343 1,353Total 19,503 81,709The developing trend of small-scale hydropower up to the 1990’s has been significantlyincreased in countries where the national policy is favourable regarding renewables, thatis where aid encouragement to financially viable projects have been provided (WEC,1994).In WEC (1994) the total hydropower potential is used as a basis for estimations of thepotential relating to small-scale hydropower. The reason for this is because totalhydropower is much better defined and that inventories of small-scale hydropower sitesare not yet complete for many areas of the world. The extent to which the currentlyestimated total exploitable hydropower potential has been developed is shown in Table3.3.Table 3.3 Development extent of world hydropower resources. Source WEC 1994.Net*Exploitedexploitable (% ofRegion (TWh/yr) exploitable)North America 801.3 72.4Latin America 3,281.7 11.9Western Europe 640.9 63.2E Europe and CIS 1,264.8 20.6Mid East and N Africa 257.1 15.6Sub-Saharan Africa 711.2 6.3Pacific 172.0 22.5Asia and China 1,165.6 44.8Total 8,295.0 27.5Notes:* This is the economically feasible hydropower capability. The technicallyFeasible capability is approximately double the figures quoted here.The table points in particular to the very large resources remaining available for futuredevelopment. About 59% of the net exploitable hydro resources lie in the developingworld. At the time of publishing of WEC 1994, hydro sources contributed by around 5%22
of the worlds primary energy supply. The share of hydropower energy supply inindustrialized countries was not expected to change significantly in the next 25-30 yearsbut was thought to become more prominent in the developing countries, as illustrated inTable 3.4.Table 3.4 Estimates of share of hydro sources in primary energy supply (% of primary energy). Source:WEC, 1994.Year 2005 Year 2020Moderate growth Low growth Moderate growth Low growthIndustrialized countries 6.0 5.8 6.5 6.2Developing countries 6.8 6.2 9.7 8.5World total 6.3 6.0 7.7 7.3Figures for the exploitable small-scale hydropower potential can be no more thanspeculative, however WEC (1994) estimates that 5% of the total hydropower potentialthought to be exploitable is perhaps of the right order of magnitude. This gives a netexploitable potential of 630 TWh of which just less than 10% has been developed.Another way to point out the potential of small-scale hydro is by adapting the twoscenarios: “current policies” and “favorable”. The current policies scenario is based on aprojection of existing trends. Some of the circumstances leading to the “favorable”scenario are national commitments to support the development of renewables,minimization of development constraints, reasonable real interests rates and adequatefinancing for worthy projects in developing countries. Estimates of generation capacityand electrical output by region through 2020 are presented in Table 3.5 (WEC, 1994).Based on the information given in Table 3.5, by year 2020, approximately 40% of the netexploitable potential or small-scale hydropower will be developed.Small projects lack the advantage of scale and their cost per installed kW can therefore bequite high. According to WEC (1994) the investment costs for projects in the range of500 to 10,000 kW can be expected to lie in a range of about USD 1,500 to 4,000 per kW.23
Page 1: Seminar series nr 121Finding Potent
Page 5: AbstractOver 2 billion people, most
Page 9: AcknowledgmentsFirst of all, we wou
Page 12 and 13: 5 Result ..........................
Page 14 and 15: For the specific case of Uganda, a
Page 17 and 18: 2 Study AreaThe main reason for us
Page 19 and 20: In the 1960’s Uganda was one of t
Page 21 and 22: 2.1.3 TopographyMost of Uganda is s
Page 23: Figure 2.4 The highest volcano in K
Page 26 and 27: e able to manually write the data,
Page 28 and 29: Depending on the appearance of the
Page 30 and 31: o Then the water flows from the for
Page 32 and 33: and generator is 65% and 80% effici
Page 36 and 37: Table 3.5 Small-scale hydropower ca
Page 38 and 39: technology was supplied to an area
Page 40 and 41: component to all of these issues, g
Page 42 and 43: The Rural Electrification project t
Page 44 and 45: The closer the interviewer is to th
Page 46 and 47: Over this area we bought the follow
Page 48 and 49: The primary erosive force determini
Page 50 and 51: There are a set of tolerances used
Page 52 and 53: ivers are seasonal, since the hydro
Page 54 and 55: (a) (b) (c)Figure 4.8 An example sh
Page 56 and 57: 4.2.6 Post Processing of Output Dat
Page 58 and 59: A = ( b ⋅ h)2(4.3)Where A equals
Page 60 and 61: elinquish because of too expensive
Page 62 and 63: The first step when performing the
Page 64 and 65: more obvious in their geographic co
Page 66 and 67: By using a smaller area it is possi
Page 68 and 69: 5.3 Summary of Resultso The general
Page 70 and 71: projects are supposed to be finance
Page 72 and 73: Sinks are a reoccurring problem whe
Page 74 and 75: UTM Zone 36N projection. The study
Page 76 and 77: As described in chapter 3.3.3 all r
Page 78 and 79: and if good financing possibilities
Page 80 and 81: Hutchinson M. F., Dowling T. I., 19
Page 83 and 84: 9 Appendix9.1 Interview: Rural Elec
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9.3 Digital DataAll data layers are
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Frame creationThis is made in order
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Site 16 (147486,78619)Site 20 (1560
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