Review of the management of feral animals and their impact on ...

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Method <strong>of</strong> control Summary <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> effectiveness <strong>of</strong> rabbit control methods Poisoning with 1080 Poisoning with pindone Efficacy Control method efficiency Target specificity Logistical practicalities Overall effectiveness Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate Effective for quick population reduction Easy implementation Inexpensive 136 Advantages <strong>of</strong> method Disadvantages <strong>of</strong> method Moderate Moderate Low Low Moderate Effective for quick population reduction Antidote available so is suitable for use near urban areas Fencing Moderate High High Low Moderate Useful for small conservation areas Non-target poisoning Development <strong>of</strong> bait shyness Short-term effect Non-target poisoning Development <strong>of</strong> bait shyness Expensive Should only be used in areas where it is impractical or unsuitable to use 1080 eg. urban/residential <strong>and</strong> semirural areas. Expensive establishment <strong>and</strong> maintenance costs Not suitable for broad-scale use May still be penetrated Trapping Low Low Low Low Low Easy to apply in small areas Occasionally used in areas with small isolated rabbit populations but Explosives High High Moderate High Moderate Provides long term <strong>management</strong> <strong>of</strong> rabbit populations. Effective in inaccessible <strong>and</strong> rocky where ripping cannot be Warren ripping High High Moderate Moderate High Kills <strong>animals</strong> <strong>and</strong> destroys warrens preventing recolonisation <strong>and</strong> reproduction Long-lasting Relatively inexpensive Most effective control technique done are inefficient for general control. Requires trained <strong>and</strong> licensed operators <strong>and</strong> adherence to strict OH&S requirements. Expensive compared to ripping Make kill native <strong>animals</strong> using warren Not suitable for all terrains or where rabbits are surface dwellers
Method <strong>of</strong> control Warren fumigation Surface habitat destruction or removal Hunting <strong>and</strong> Harvesting Efficacy Control method efficiency Target specificity Logistical practicalities Overall effectiveness High Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Kills both adult <strong>and</strong> young rabbits Moderate High Low Moderate Moderate Retards recolonisation Can be labour intensive in 137 Advantages <strong>of</strong> method Disadvantages <strong>of</strong> method difficult to access areas Low Low High Low Low Useful only in isolated populations Low control costs Ground shooting Low Low High Low Low Only suitable for small scale operations at very low rabbit densities. Fertility control Unknown Unknown Probably low Unknown Unknown Potential for low ongoing control costs Cost-effective broad-scale application Biological control High High High Low High Controls rabbit numbers for low on-going cost Self-disseminating Most successful long-term technique Target specific Labour intensive. Warren is not destroyed <strong>the</strong>refore it can be easily recolonised. Unsuitable for large areas. May be inhumane May <strong>impact</strong> upon native species Little <strong>impact</strong> on population size Time consuming <strong>and</strong> labour intensive Not suitable in certain situations e.g. where dense cover is available, inaccessible or rough terrain, near human habitation Little <strong>impact</strong> on overall population size No products currently registered Immunity gradually develops reducing effectiveness Risk <strong>of</strong> escape overseas Effectiveness varies with climate
Page 1:
Review of<
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Contributors Andrew Norris Pest Ani
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3.7.36 Common Myna (Acridot
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Table of figures F
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Section 2 Introduction Feral <stron
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Amanda Dimmock, QD
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Section 3 A status review o
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3.4 Birds Thirteen (or 14) species
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Information on the
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Summary A rodent that contributes t
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Dingoes can become a threat to wild
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The significance of</strong
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macropods and b<st
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^Lasiorhinus krefftii North
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Perceived threat Geopsittacus occid
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conservation areas. It is less clea
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Table 8 Rare species found in <stro
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Competition Several examples are re
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In truth, camels do substantial dam
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the Tanami. Buffal
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The situation today Buffalo numbers
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qualify under IUCN criteria as enda
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3.7.16 Goat (Capra hircus) Summary
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Drakonorchis drakeoides Hinged Drag
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3.7.19 Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Su
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Impacts Much is known about <strong
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Distribution Ostriches have won <st
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nest in tree hollows along
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Distribution The skylark is found i
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Distribution The blackbird is wides
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Land, and<
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have been translocated to o
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esources. Significant investment in
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many native species (Clarke et al.
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spread across the
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Section 4 Legislative framework 4.1
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protection, as long as it falls wit
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Native Vegetation Conservation Act
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ehabilitate existing native vegetat
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suppression, which is the</
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al. 1986, 1987). The use of
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5.1.4 Mustering Commercial musterin
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etal. (1997) found that many native
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the vaccine <stron
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Where possible, integration <strong
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strategy, relative cost-effectivene
Page 94 and 95: Fencing Feral buffalo have a reputa
Page 96 and 97: 5.3 Management of
Page 98 and 99: Summary of <strong
Page 100 and 101: time comes for the
Page 104 and 105: Individual tracking Tracking is a l
Page 106 and 107: SA - Currently cats are not widely
Page 108 and 109: Method of control
Page 110 and 111: Aerial shooting Aerial shooting can
Page 114 and 115: 80% of export was
Page 116 and 117: ensuring effective treatment <stron
Page 118 and 119: the lower cost, wi
Page 122 and 123: conservation value rathe</s
Page 124 and 125: effort on the cont
Page 128 and 129: follow transect lines, one kilometr
Page 130 and 131: as a refuge from predators. Removal
Page 134 and 135: was completed it was the</s
Page 136 and 137: warren structure amenable to recolo
Page 138 and 139: Poisons Traditionally, strychnine,
Page 140 and 141: infected and steri
Page 142 and 143: of high priority.
Page 148 and 149: technique can allow for cost-effect
Page 152 and 153: In South Australia, between 30 <str
Page 156 and 157: % respondents 100% 90% 80% 70% 60%
Page 158 and 159: a) b) Figure 3. a) Extent o
Page 160 and 161: Figure 4 Response frequency for lik
Page 162 and 163: distribution of <s
Page 164 and 165: Section 7 Key problems and<
Page 166 and 167: • Goats degrading temperate woodl
Page 168 and 169: conservation problems in Europe <st
Page 170 and 171: message that camels are a valuable
Page 172 and 173: In the Koolatong R
Page 174 and 175: environmental degradation’ (Nor<s
Page 176 and 177: ecause dingo and d
Page 178 and 179: Various control methods have been a
Page 180 and 181: Pascale Taplin, an Indigenous L<str
Page 182 and 183: Lack of a Strategi
Page 184 and 185: eradicated after seeing the
Page 186 and 187: In some situations, payment <strong
Page 188 and 189: could have led to better protocols
Page 190 and 191: Game hunting is a growing business,
Page 192 and 193: Much as we might like it, t
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conservation outcome. In such a sit
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community consultation and<
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• Have the non-t
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provide opportunities for strategic
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Section 9 Priorities for investment
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contacted for exact locations <stro
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way. Achilles heel research should
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efficient in any given situation. R
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west Queensland re
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Crossland, MR, 199
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Forsyth, DM, and P
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Lange, RT, and Gra
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Morgan, LA and But
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Parkes, JP, 1990, Feral goat contro
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Van Rensberg, PJJ, Skinner, JD, <st
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Appendix A Ferals animals</
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Indigenous lands I
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Appendix B Stakeholder survey form
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222
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224
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226
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Appendix C Database on past NHT fun
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Lachlan Rehabilitation of</
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Northern Territory
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Cape York Ambiilmungu-Ngarra tradit
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Wet Tropics Expansion and</
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Avon Protecting and</strong
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