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58 E. M. & R. W. J. Smith S. striolatum. This species is not uncommon throughout ‘Forth’ where the habitat is suitable. Acidic bog-pools in Lower and mid-Forth have strong populations. Evans reported that this species was common in Upper Forth but rare in the Edinburgh area. He himself recorded it in the Pentlands, Ochils, Lomonds and the Trossachs. Distribution today is little changed with perhaps an extension of range into a few suitable ponds in our towns. Migrant dragonflies. The only confirmed record of a migrant dragonfly in ‘Forth’ is of two Red-veined Darters Sympetrum fonscolombii on the Isle of May on 17 August 1911, one of which was caught by W. Evans (Eggeling, 1956). This occurred during a major invasion of this species from Europe that year. In 1995 there was another large-scale influx into Southern England mainly involving the Yellow-winged Darter Sympetrum flaveolum. (Silsby and Ward-Smith, 1997). There was a further invasion in 1996 of many species including 4000 S. striolatum at Dungeness, Kent (Parr, 1997). This co-incided with a widespread increase and inland spread of S. striolatum in South Scotland. One has to be aware of the possibility of assisted passage. One notable example was of the Emperor Dragonflies Anax imperator that emerged from a garden pond in Edinburgh. These would certainly have been accidentally introduced as eggs in aquatic plants from the south of England put into the pond two years previously (Smith, 1995). An unusual dragonfly in Fife flying out of a covered lorry just arrived from England and a Golden-ringed Dragonfly flying out of a railway tunnel in Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh are other examples. In 1996 the Atlas of the Dragonflies of Britain and Ireland (Merritt et al., 1996) was published. This was the culmination of many years of dragonfly recording organised by the Biological Recording Centre, Monks Wood. This recording scheme and its successors have greatly encouraged interest in these insects providing detailed knowledge of distribution and habitat. Dragonfly recording is still going on and, since the publication of the Atlas, has resulted in innumerable new 10 km sq records, particularly in Scotland, still a very much under-recorded country. On behalf of Monks Wood and the British Dragonfly Society we would like to thank the many enthusiasts who have contributed records to the scheme. A thorough knowledge of distribution is a prerequisite of conservation. Further records should be sent to the Scottish Recorder for the Odonata Recording Scheme, Mrs E. M. Smith, 33 Hunter Terrace, Loanhead, Midlothian EH20 9SJ. During the last 100 years the loss of ponds has continued mainly due to agricultural changes. However there has been a recent upsurge of interest in the creation of new ponds which has helped to restore numbers of the common odonata. Some species have increased in range, notably S. striolatum, L. sponsa and C. puella. Global warming may perhaps bring new species into ‘Forth’. Aeshna grandis and Aeshna cyanea are possibilities.
Figure 1. Sympetrum striolatum (Common Darter). Dragonflies of the Forth Area 59 References Bayne, D. M. (1985). New records for the Azure Damselfly. The Glasgow Naturalist, 21,107. Duncan, J. (1840). Entomology, volume 1, National Library, volume XXXIV. Eggeling, W. J. (1956). Dragonflies recorded from the Isle of May. The Scottish Naturalist. 68, 173. Evans, William (1904-6). The Odonata (Dragon-flies) of the Forth Area. Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. XV1, 87-96. Knowler, J. T. and Mitchell, J. (1994) The Northern Emerald: an addition to the Forth Valley Dragonfly Fauna. Forth Naturalist and Historian 17, 54. Merritt, R., Moore, N. W. and Eversham, B. C. (1996). The Atlas of the Dragonflies of Britain and Ireland, HMSO. Parr, A. J. (1997). Migrant and dispersive dragonflies in Britain during 1996. Journal of the British Dragonfly Society 13 (2), 41-48. Silsby, J. and Ward-Smith, J. (1997). The influx of Sympetrum flaveolum (L.) during the summer of 1995. Journal of the British Dragonfly Society 13 (1), 14-22 Smith, E.M. (1995). Anax imperator (Leach) in Edinburgh. Journal of the British Dragonfly Society 11 (1), 14-16.
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Volume 22 the Forth Naturalist and
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THE WEATHER OF 1998 S. J. Harrison
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Weather 1998 5 May Warm and mostly
Page 7 and 8: especially over the Carse. Although
Page 9 and 10: 1991 -0.98 Below average 1992 -1.04
Page 11 and 12: Weather 1998 11 Figure 1 Monthly ai
Page 13 and 14: Weather 1998 13 Figure 3 Profile of
Page 15 and 16: Forth Naturalist and Historian, vol
Page 17 and 18: efore, but we have produced for the
Page 19 and 20: Bird Report 1998 19 Month 1996/7 19
Page 21 and 22: Bird Report 1998 21 BLACK-THROATED
Page 23 and 24: Bird Report 1998 23 over Stirling a
Page 25 and 26: Bird Report 1998 25 C 2 Gartmorn 15
Page 27 and 28: Bird Report 1998 27 1 L.Dochart 29
Page 29 and 30: Bird Report 1998 29 Dunmore 18 Oct
Page 31 and 32: Bird Report 1998 31 REDSHANK Tringa
Page 33 and 34: Bird Report 1998 33 WOODPIGEON Colu
Page 35 and 36: Bird Report 1998 35 S 20 Killin 2 A
Page 37 and 38: Bird Report 1998 37 F 63 Falkirk 28
Page 39 and 40: Bird Report 1998 39 GREAT GREY SHRI
Page 41 and 42: Bird Report 1998 41 LINNET Cardueli
Page 47 and 48: Wallacebank Wood 47 Before work on
Page 49 and 50: Wallacebank Wood 49 Breeding birds
Page 51 and 52: Appendix SCOTTISH WILDLIFE TRUST FA
Page 53 and 54: Hedge Woundwort Stachys sylvatica L
Page 57: Dragonflies of the Forth Area 57 at
Page 63 and 64: Falkirk District Plants 63 Poa subc
Page 65 and 66: Falkirk District Plants 65 Petasite
Page 69 and 70: Brambles of the Trossachs and Stirl
Page 73 and 74: Series RADULAE R. radula Weihe: As
Page 81 and 82: Wallace Oak: Supplement 81 1771 The
Page 83 and 84: Wallace Oak: Supplement 83 the boxe
Page 85 and 86: Wallace Oak: Supplement 85 1814 At
Page 87 and 88: 1866 “Captain Stobo MP is to send
Page 89 and 90: Wallace Oak: Supplement 89 of a ‘
Page 91 and 92: Appendix Wallace Oak: Supplement 91
Page 95 and 96: grass as the tenants preferred. The
Page 99 and 100: Sir George Harvey 99 It was through
Page 101 and 102: Sir George Harvey 101 Harvey and ot
Page 103 and 104: Sir George Harvey 103 Figure 5 Fami
Page 105 and 106: Figure 10 Boy Restraining Dog - Qua
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Sheriffmuir Atlantic Wall 109 lengt
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Sheriffmuir Atlantic Wall 111 assoc
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Sheriffmuir Atlantic Wall 113 Figur
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Sheriffmuir Atlantic Wall 115 Figur
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Forth Naturalist and Historian, vol
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Stirling, 70 years ago 119 the pend
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Stirling, 70 years ago 121 quality
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Stirling, 70 years ago 123 restrict
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Stirling, 70 years ago 125 Riversid
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Stirling, 70 years ago 127 in my ea
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executed at the Old Bridge or the C
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Stirling, 70 years ago 131 high bus
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Bridges of the Forth 135 All of thi
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Bridges of the Forth 137 Elegant as
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Bridges of the Forth 139 passed by
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Bridges of the Forth 141 an ordinar
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Bridges of the Forth 143 been incor
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Bridges of the Forth 145 Editorial
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Braco: Ardoch Bridge Knaik NN 837 0
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Forth Figure 5 Alloa Rail - after
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Figure 13 Old Bridge, Callander. Te
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Figure 18 Bridge of Devon, Tullibod
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