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Stucco PlasteringFor large r jobs the major tasks in this phase of the construction should bespecialized for different groups. One group should manage the plaster mixing whileanother does the stucco application to the walls. Each group needs to work in acoordinated manner so that as the stucco plaster is prepared it can be immediatelyapplied to the walls. The first coat must dry to some extent before the next layer isapplied. Also, the first rough coat may need substantially more stucco as this layerneeds to fill all cracks and create an even surface. The first layer should also bescored with a rake before it dries. This scoring provides an important bondingsurface for the next layer. Typically three layers are applied. The first layer shouldcover the entire surface of all walls and fill gaps. As it dries it should be scored witha rake. Any straw that sticks out should be clipped off at the first layer. Once thefirst layer dries a lighter layer should be applied to smooth out the entire surface.This may be used as the final surface. To make it a nice texture the second layer canbe sponged with a wet sponge. This brings out the sand in the mixture created asmooth texture and minimizes lines created by trowelling.A final third layer may be applied in order to pigment the final wall. This allowscolor to be added.In order to prepare large amounts of cement-based stucco, a cement mixer will berequired. For the small shed that I built, I simply mixed the ingredients in mywheelbarrow. For larger homes, walls and buildings you will need a properconstruction mixer. Building our home, we rented one for a weekend.The plaster mix we used was one part Portland cement, one part lime and five partssand. Mix in water until the consistency changes to a thick mud. Youll know it isright once you try to apply it to the straw bale walls. In should stick and spread,maintaining its position and shape. Dont add too much water too fast. If you dothough, you can add the ingredients in the same proportion to thicken things upagain.Although other mixtures are possible, one part Portland cement, one part lime, andfive parts sand provides a well-proven stucco mix. The parts can be mixed using ashovel or other tool as long as it is consistent in terms of the ratio of ingredients. Ifyour particular ingredients dont produce the desired results, then experiment withadjustments to the ratios until you get one the produces the results you want.148
Each layer should be applied completely before starting the next layer or breakingfor the day, in order to ensure consistency. The stucco is typically applied using astucco platter to hold the mix. Then the stucco can be spread evenly with smoothconsistent strokes using a trowel. Corners can be rounded or forced to a squareedge. You may need to spray some water on each layer of stucco as it dries, in orderto prevent cracking. This spray should be very fine so that the water does not rundown the stucco. After each layer has been applied, review the work to make sure itmeets your requirements. Once the stucco dries it is quite difficult to correct anyproblems.More Things We Learned· More than fifty straw bale homes have been built in Ontario.· The Ontario Building Code supports straw bale home construction that is non -load bearing.· Quebec and other provinces have permitted load bearing straw bale homes.Products and Services· Straw bale construction company: Camels Back Construction, Chris Magwood,Peter Mack and Tina Therien, www.strawhomes.ca.· Post and beam home construction: Colin Richards, Builder e-mailgregory.richards@sympatico.ca.· Martin Liefhebber, Architect , www.martinliefhebber.com .· Fresh, holistic approach to community design with straw bale, Cheryl Bradbee,www.pov-design.com .· Hands-on straw bale workshops: Everdale - www.everdale.org , Hockley E cologyRetreat Centre.Straw Bale BooksStraw Bale Building: How to Plan, Design and Build withStrawBy Chris Magwood and Peter Mackpublished by New Society Publishers, ISBN 0-86571-403 -7149
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Your Complete Guide to Sustainable
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Special OfferNatural Living: The Wi
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Copyright 8 2004 John WilsonPublish
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AcknowledgementsThis book could not
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TRANSPORTATION 178VALUE CONNECTION
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Dazzling and tremendous how quick t
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our times in the struggle to stop t
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ChangeThings happen for a reasonAn
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Chapter 1OUR CURRENT SITUATIONMajor
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eing restarted slowly. It turns out
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insanity of war and the terrible de
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R The first large wind turbine has
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R Kalundborg, Denmark: This area is
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29> EcoVillage at Ithaca NewYork.
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television, advertising designed to
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Chapter 2A BRIEF HISTORY OFSUSTAINA
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sunlight entered them in winter, bu
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The History of Wind EnergyWind ener
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Chapter 3CHANGE?Change really can c
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consumers to ask the question, does
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Too Many Parking LotsThere are too
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all of these are now known to produ
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R Drug useR CrimeR PovertyR Terrori
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the economic assumption of endless
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much less. More than that, we could
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that reinforces scientific material
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To bring down the whole house of ca
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Big PictureThe vast scale and compl
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Find the Right Scale for Action In
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direct use of heat from the sun in
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Driven by an uncritical worship of
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The fact is that our earth system w
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This analysis suggests that the glo
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capitalism institutionalizes a syst
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to finance the types of projects th
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Much of it was formed before many o
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of time, gave Al Gore a new sense o
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corporations, or countries is that
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Natural Living1. Awareness2. Food3.
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Chapter 4TAKE THE FIRST STEPStart t
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e aware of nature, life, rocks, lea
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That is why Natural Living revolves
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• Transportation (cars and trucks
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5. Make a concerted effort to focus
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these changes. When youve achieved
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Natural LivingLife Activity Take Ac
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Chapter 6NATURAL LIVING STEPSThe fo
Page 97 and 98: Step 2: FoodReminder: You are what
Page 99 and 100: Step 3: PlanReminder: Failure to pl
Page 101 and 102: 6. Use local renewable sources of w
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Page 105 and 106: Step 4: HomeReminder: Home is where
Page 107 and 108: for materials significantly minimiz
Page 109 and 110: with nature and people who are of n
Page 111 and 112: quantum mechanics, Gandhi has appli
Page 113 and 114: Connect, in the article All Hands t
Page 115 and 116: connecting, and building your relat
Page 117 and 118: Step 7: CreativityReminder: If we c
Page 119 and 120: Words of Truth by VincentI will try
Page 121 and 122: · Get local businesses to provide
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 7ORGANIC FOODTaking pleasur
Page 125 and 126: More NutritiousThe variety and nutr
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 8PLACELooking at your place
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 9EFFICIENCYNot needing some
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 10PASSIVE SOLAR HEATINGAND
Page 133 and 134: R Hydronic heating to supplement st
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 11STRAW BALECONSTRUCTION135
Page 137 and 138: dampen the shock, bend, while not b
Page 139 and 140: anywhere near the work site. Also,
Page 141 and 142: are not many architects who are fam
Page 143 and 144: · Wire mesh for window/door corner
Page 145 and 146: windows allowing sufficient wire to
Page 147: With tools prepared the sewing can
Page 151 and 152: Straw Bale Details: A Manual for De
Page 153 and 154: This home in the city of Mississaug
Page 155 and 156: ideas. This included the idea of th
Page 157 and 158: feeds the existing water tank. This
Page 159 and 160: desire to learn from nature. The pl
Page 161 and 162: Active SolarWood stoveFood· Uni-so
Page 163 and 164: DesignR Typically a green roof need
Page 165 and 166: Chapter 13RENEWABLE ENERGYSYSTEMSNo
Page 167 and 168: way to convert sunlight into electr
Page 169 and 170: Case Study: Freedom Off-The-GridGai
Page 171 and 172: Leonard bought the property in 1987
Page 173 and 174: The home has lots of natural daylig
Page 175 and 176: The appliances, washer and dryer ar
Page 177 and 178: complete set of videos from the con
Page 179 and 180: ecause at the time Leigh, my wife,
Page 181 and 182: fuel driven economy even though the
Page 183 and 184: Peace· True peace is a symbiosis w
Page 185 and 186: Chapter 16THE JOURNEYIt started whe
Page 187 and 188: Claire, our daughter is almost one
Page 189 and 190: waves, wind and rain would soon swa
Page 191 and 192: local restaurant was far enough to
Page 193 and 194: charge the batteries when power is
Page 195 and 196: The town of Cabarete providesplenty
Page 197 and 198: Every time we visit the wind is blo
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SOLAR HOT WATER SHOWERThis system a
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R CoconutsR MangoesR PapayaR Cherri
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Being an organic farmer is not alwa
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· Airtight walls: Airtight walls e
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· Reduced disposal of toxic produc
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DRINKABLE-WATER SYSTEMWater and Was
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Chapter 17PLANNING THE NEW HOUSEIn
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Most properties we saw had problems
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and piping systems would be require
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system pushed costs beyond the orig
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solar home design, excellent insula
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system that is being used to transf
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It is the goal of Natural Living to
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R Take advantage of the local straw
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R Straw-bale wall on north side of
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on the south side of the basement n
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costs. The results are houses of th
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Chapter 21BUILDINGOn my 34 th birth
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Pers walked us through the Kortrigh
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ough stucco wall, so they dont get
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Letting Light InNovember 2000The gr
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Green Roof withCentral Sky LightFeb
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Stacking BalesApril 2001Up go the b
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Finishing Stucco onthe Straw Bale W
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Green Roof ConceptMartin Liefhebber
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Wind TurbineOperating whileSolar Pa
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Wind and SolarGoing Full BlastAugus
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technologies such as straw-bale con
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R Staple the chicken wire to the ou
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sunshine from the south are where t
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XL wind turbine can generate up to
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R Extremely quiet, good sound insul
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R Silent operation;R Solid state el
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R The north wall has a minimal numb
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constant use. The second is lightin
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R Smaller size reduces energy requi
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R We selected only the most efficie
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R If office work is required then t
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albeit with just a single small LED
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what we had done wrong. Several wee
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Chapter 23FREQUENTLY ASKEDQUESTIONS
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summer, it absorbs the heat so that
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How much is the wind turbine?R The
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What is the grey/tin/silver roof/si
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What are composting toilets and how
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Chapter 25LOOKING BACKWeve lived in
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Chapter 25NATURAL LIVINGVISION OF T
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organic farmers have teamed up with
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offered at this central location.29
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floor solar waterheating and passiv
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Back at home the sun provides the r
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Chapter 26NEXT STEPSI know this boo
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Chapter 27RESOURCESBreathe Architec
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IkeaBirch wood kitchen cabinetry.We
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Appendix AWARNING TO HUMANITYIssued
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ForestsTropical rain forests, as we
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WHAT WE MUST DOFive inextricably li
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A new ethic is required -- a new at
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The Global SituationThe dominant pa
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. Promote social and economic justi
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c. Ensure that information of vital
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f. Strengthen local communities, en
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Earth Charter principles with an in
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"shadow science" origin is that mos
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constant slow re-radiation, resulti
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slab with a mortar adhesive and gro
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color to store the heat low. Cler e
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Figure 4b: Two-story sunspace: wint
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mentioned earlier, special care mus
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about 86 percent. Non-storage mater
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ecommended ratio. If water in conta
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the wall to 90%, compared to 60% fo
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Figure 7:When designing a solar hom
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STEP 2: Recommended Insulation Valu
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Figure 9: Use this map to find your
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oof is not glazed and the south wal
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walls with direct-gain windows abov
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BIBLIOGRAPHYVan der Ryn, the Toilet
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Berry, Thomas, THE GREAT WORK:OUR W
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connections, 15, 25, 49, 51, 53, 57
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health, 16, 39, 45, 48, 49, 54, 55,
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SScience, 113, 354sewage, 24, 40, 4
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Back Inside CoverJOHN WILSONis an a
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