Caché ObjectScript Reference - InterSystems Documentation

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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Log on.• Issue a USE 0 command.• Cause an error when an error trap is not set.• Close the current device.• Return to programmer mode.• Exit Caché by issuing a HALT command.USE 0 implies an OPEN command to the principal device. If another process owns the device,this process hangs on the implicit OPEN as it does when it encounters any OPEN.Although USE 0 implies OPEN 0 for the principal device, issuing a USE command for anyother device that the process does not own (due to a previous OPEN command) produces a error.Note:While most Caché platforms allow you to close your principal input device, Cachéfor UNIX does not. Therefore, when a job that is the child of another job tries toperform I/O on your login terminal, it hangs until you log off Caché. At that time,the output may or may not appear.Using the Null Device (UNIX and OpenVMS)When you issue an OPEN and USE command to the null device (/dev/null on UNIX or NL:on OpenVMS), Caché treats the null device as a dummy device. Subsequent READ commandsimmediately return a null string (""). Subsequent WRITE commands immediately returnsuccess. No actual data is read or written. On UNIX-based systems, the device /dev/nullbypasses the UNIX open, write, and read system calls entirely.Processes started by other processes with the JOB command have a principal device of/dev/null or NL: by default.If you open /dev/null other than within Caché for example, by redirecting Caché output to/dev/null from the UNIX shell the UNIX system calls operate as they do for any other device.See Also• OPEN command• CLOSE command• $IO special variable• $PRINCIPAL special variable150 Caché ObjectScript Reference
VIEW• $ZUTIL(96,14) Return current device type function• I/O Devices and Commands in Caché I/O Device Guide• Terminal I/O in Caché I/O Device Guide• Magnetic Tape I/O in Caché I/O Device Guide• Sequential File I/O in Caché I/O Device Guide• The Spool Device in Caché I/O Device GuideVIEWReads and writes blocks directly to disk storage and writes locations in memory.VIEW:pc viewargumentV:pc viewargumentwhere viewargument is:blockoffset:mode:length:newvalueArgumentspcblockoffsetmodelengthnewvalueOptional — An optional postconditional expression.A block location, specified as an integer.An offset, in bytes, from a base address within the memory regionspecified by mode.The memory region whose base address will be used to calculate thedata to be modified.The length of the data to be modified.The replacement value to be stored at the memory location.DescriptionThe VIEW command reads and writes blocks directly to disk storage and writes locationsin memory. VIEW has three argument forms:• VIEW block transfers data between the Caché database and memory.Caché ObjectScript Reference 151
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Caché ObjectScriptReferenceVersion
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Table of ContentsSymbols and Abbrev
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$ORDER ............................
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$ZB ...............................
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$ZUTIL(68,21) .....................
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$ZUTIL(128,1) .....................
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List of FiguresClient/Server Connec
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol""##
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol( )*
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Symbols Used in Caché ObjectScript
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThis do
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BREAKBREAK without an ArgumentArgum
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BREAKNote:BREAK 0 is ineffective in
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DescriptionCLOSE device releases ow
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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outine with or without parameter pa
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The Argumentless DO CommandThe argu
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DOMainSET x=1,y=2,z=3WRITE !,"In Ma
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The DO command has a postconditiona
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DO WHILE• QUIT command• Argumen
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DO WHILEQUIT and GOTOThe QUIT comma
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ELSEELSEClause of block-oriented IF
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DescriptionFOR is a block-oriented
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FORMainloopFOR {READ !,"Number: ",n
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cution of the loop. The FOR loop te
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a range with initial value, increme
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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GOTOtestgotoAWRITE !,"running A"DO
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HALTIn the following example, HALT
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HANGNote:You cannot express hangtim
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ELSEIF and ELSE clauses are optiona
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JOBMainloopNEW sex,ageREAD !,"What
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JOBpcroutineroutine-paramsclassname
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have a formal parameter list with t
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JOBParameterprincipal-outputDescrip
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a jobbed process, you can use param
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsRemote
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• If
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsserver
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNotesKI
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe nod
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLOCK Wi
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Caché ObjectScript Commandslocknam
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Set
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• ^c
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLocking
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsMERGEMe
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsInitial
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNEWCrea
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Caché ObjectScript Commandssaves t
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsIn the
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Page 116 and 117: Caché ObjectScript Commands• Dev
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Page 120 and 121: Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor som
Page 122 and 123: Caché ObjectScript Commands• Wit
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Page 126 and 127: Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
Page 128 and 129: Caché ObjectScript CommandsTest WR
Page 130 and 131: Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe var
Page 132 and 133: Caché ObjectScript CommandsNote th
Page 134 and 135: Caché ObjectScript CommandsA timeo
Page 136 and 137: Caché ObjectScript CommandsType of
Page 138 and 139: Caché ObjectScript CommandsReading
Page 140 and 141: Caché ObjectScript CommandsSETAssi
Page 142 and 143: Caché ObjectScript Commandswas cre
Page 144 and 145: Caché ObjectScript Commandswith th
Page 146 and 147: Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor exa
Page 148 and 149: Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe fol
Page 150 and 151: Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
Page 152 and 153: Caché ObjectScript CommandsTROLLBA
Page 154 and 155: Caché ObjectScript CommandsArgumen
Page 156 and 157: Caché ObjectScript CommandsSee Als
Page 158 and 159: Caché ObjectScript CommandsSET ^a(
Page 160 and 161: Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe par
Page 162 and 163: Caché ObjectScript Commandsword) w
Page 166 and 167: Caché ObjectScript Commands• VIE
Page 168 and 169: Caché ObjectScript CommandsAfter r
Page 170 and 171: Caché ObjectScript CommandsModen >
Page 172 and 173: Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
Page 174 and 175: Caché ObjectScript CommandsWRITEDi
Page 176 and 177: Caché ObjectScript CommandsfA form
Page 182 and 183: Caché ObjectScript CommandsMnemoni
Page 184 and 185: Caché ObjectScript CommandsCode-1-
Page 186 and 187: Caché ObjectScript CommandsAfter C
Page 188 and 189: Caché ObjectScript CommandsXECUTE
Page 191 and 192: Caché ObjectScript FunctionsA func
Page 193 and 194: $ASCII$ASCIIReturns the character c
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Because numbers generated by $DOUBL
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$EXTRACT$EXTRACTExtracts specified
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is an asterisk, $EXTRACT returns th
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$EXTRACTSET x="ABCD"SET $EXTRACT(x,
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$FACTOR• $ZEXP function• $ZLN f
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$FIND$FINDFinds a substring by valu
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$FNUMBER• $LIST function• $PIEC
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You can include the decimal option
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$GET$GETReturns the data value of a
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$GETIF $GET(^client(i))="" { QUIT }
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The num parameter can be a positive
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$INCREMENTKILL xyzWRITE !,$INCREMEN
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DescriptionThe $INUMBER function va
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$INUMBER• No sign or parentheses.
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In the following example, $INUMBER
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$ISVALIDNUMSET a="certainly not an
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$ISVALIDNUMmin and maxYou can speci
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$NORMALIZE parses multiple trailing
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the end of width. If the expression
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In the following example, the first
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$LIST• $LIST(list) returns the fi
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If the value of the position parame
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$LISTBUILDresults of $LISTBUILD are
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In the following example, ZZDUMP sh
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$LISTFINDSET x=$CHAR(0,0,0,1,16,27,
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If the value of the startafter para
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$LISTGET• $LISTFIND function• $
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If the value of the position parame
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$LISTNEXT$LISTNEXTRetrieves element
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Description$LISTSAME compares the c
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$LISTTOSTRING• $LISTNEXT• $LIST
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$NAME$NAMEReturns the name value of
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with a naked reference to return th
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$NEXT$NEXTReturns the value of the
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The scale parameter value causes th
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• Trailing + and - signs: Both fu
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• Rounding factor: an integer ind
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leading and trailing zeros, and del
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For unsubscripted local variables,
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$ORDER$ORDER Uses Naked Global Refe
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ParametersplistThe target string fr
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In the following example, both $PIE
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The following examples also returns
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$QLENGTH$QLENGTHReturns the number
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$QSUBSCRIPTCode< -1-10nReturn Value
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ExampleThis example presents a gene
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function uses a naked reference to
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$REVERSE$REVERSEReturns the charact
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or immediately after a $SELECT func
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If successful, $SORTBEGIN returns a
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$STACKDOXECUTE$$ECODEReturned when
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$STACK$STACK Code String Arguments
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$TEXTroutineIf specified alone, it
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$TRANSLATE$TRANSLATEPerforms charac
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$VIEW$VIEWReturns the contents of m
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double quotes. If the length parame
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$VIEWStart OPEN 63WRITE !,"Opening
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Math and Time FunctionsThe followin
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$ZARCSINREAD "Input a number: ",num
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$ZCOS210-1returns 1.107148717794090
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ParametersnAn angle in radians, spe
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$ZDATE$ZDATEValidates date and conv
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ParametershdateThe internal date fo
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$ZDATE“Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Ju
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$ZDATEerroptThis parameter suppress
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oth of the above lines generate a
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$ZDATE• $ZDATETIME function• $Z
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is a date, the second integer is a
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$ZDATEHSyntaxMmmmmMeaningFull name
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When yearopt=5, endwin is a numeric
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• If you specify an invalid dform
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• You can use the $ZDATEH functio
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• $ZDATETIME(hdatetime) returns t
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$ZDATETIMEtformatA numeric value th
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$ZDATETIMEThe monthlist string has
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$ZDATETIMEmindateA numeric value th
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ODBC date format (dformat=3) will a
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$ZDATETIMEH$ZDATETIMEHValidates dat
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$ZDATETIMEH• The format Mmm DD YY
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$ZDATETIMEHValue678MeaningExpress t
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$ZDATETIMEHstartwinA numeric value
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• If you specify an otherwise val
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$ZEXP$ZEXPReturns the natural logar
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ParametersnumA string value or a nu
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ExamplesThe following example write
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$ZPOWERgenerates an error.See Also
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values to the corresponding multipl
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an error. You can use the absolute
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$ZTIME$ZTIMEConverts the internal s
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In the examples that follow, Htime
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$ZTIMEH$ZTIMEHConverts a time value
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$ZTIMEHTime DelimiterBy default, Ca
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Routine, Debugging, and Other Comma
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Caché ObjectScript Special Variabl
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Structured System VariablesA struct
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the $ZNSPACE special variable to de
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^$JOB• ZNSPACE command• $ZNSPAC
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^$LOCKSET x=$QUERY(^$JOB(""))WRITE
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The following example tests for the
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DescriptionYou can use the ^$ROUTIN
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^$ROUTINE• $ORDER function• $QU
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System and Other Functionsnumbers,
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System and Other FunctionsThe bit_o
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZB
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System and Other Functions$ZCONVERT
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System and Other FunctionsEncoding
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System and Other FunctionsDescripti
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System and Other FunctionsNote that
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System and Other FunctionsDeclarati
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System and Other Functionstypedef s
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System and Other FunctionsError Mes
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-2)Ex
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-3) c
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System and Other FunctionsEstablish
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System and Other Functions$ZISWIDEC
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System and Other FunctionsSee Also
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System and Other FunctionsParameter
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System and Other FunctionslangAn in
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System and Other FunctionsZNSPACE "
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System and Other Functions$ZPOSITIO
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System and Other FunctionsFor VMS,
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System and Other Functions$ZSTRIPRe
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System and Other FunctionsSET str="
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System and Other FunctionsReturn Va
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System and Other FunctionsThus, if
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System and Other FunctionsYou can u
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System and Other FunctionsExamplesT
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System and Other Functions$ZUTIL(18
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System and Other FunctionsSET A="Fr
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System and Other FunctionsthirdSpec
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System and Other FunctionsExampleWR
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System and Other FunctionsDatabase
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System and Other FunctionsCluster L
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System and Other FunctionsDirectory
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System and Other FunctionsAny form
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System and Other Functions• $ZUTI
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other FunctionsError on
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System and Other FunctionsWhen a ne
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>XECU
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System and Other FunctionsCaché pr
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System and Other FunctionsThis func
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other Functions• $GET
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System and Other Functionsor "RW" m
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System and Other FunctionsReading f
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System and Other Functionsprincipal
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System and Other FunctionsTCOMMIT c
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System and Other Functionsa $ZDATE
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System and Other FunctionsThis conf
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System and Other FunctionsNotes$ZUT
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZD
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System and Other FunctionsEvery tim
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System and Other Functions• $TEST
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System and Other FunctionsValue6789
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System and Other Functionsreturns:
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System and Other FunctionsFlag67891
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System and Other Functions8: regula
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>WRIT
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System and Other Functionsas the cu
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System and Other Functions• Go to
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System and Other FunctionsNote:Beca
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other Functions• $ZLCH
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System and Other FunctionsConversio
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System and Other Functions$ZZENKAKU
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The %ZLANG Language Extension Libra
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Legacy Commands and FunctionsLegacy
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DescriptionDO (legacy version)Note:
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When a block ends, as indicated by
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See Also• DO command• $TEST spe
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FOR (legacy version)increment is po
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len-2, only the last character will
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FOR (legacy version)Incrementing wi
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IF (legacy version)IF (legacy versi
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DescriptionZQUIT (legacy command)No
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ZQUIT (legacy command)For example:Z
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$ZBITFIND (legacy function)$ZBITCOU
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ParameterspositionValue or expressi
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esulting bitstring is 1 in all posi
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DescriptionThis page describes the
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$ZUTIL(67,4) (legacy function)• $
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$ZUTIL(67,5) (legacy function)pstat
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$ZUTIL(67,6) (legacy function)$ZUTI
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$ZUTIL(67,7,pid) returns a string c
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Code6064687276808488961041081161401
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$ZUTIL(67,12) (legacy function)$ZUT
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ParameterspidA process ID number. T
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ExamplesThe following is the hexade
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SYS.Process MethodsYou can get the
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See Also$ZUTIL(133) (legacy functio
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or a counter's name or description
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$ZUTIL(133) (legacy function)1. Cal
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