Caché ObjectScript Reference - InterSystems Documentation

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Caché ObjectScript FunctionsWRITE !,$DOUBLE(999.12345678987654321)WRITE !,$DOUBLE(.99912345678987654321)WRITE !,$DOUBLE(999123456789876543.21)The following example returns the value of pi as a $DOUBLE value and as a standard Cachédecimal value. This example shows that equality operations should not be attempted between$DOUBLE and standard Caché decimal numbers, and that the number of digits returned isgreater for standard Caché decimal numbers:SET x=$ZPISET y=$DOUBLE($ZPI)IF x=y { WRITE !,"Same" }ELSE { WRITE !,"Different"WRITE !,"standard: ",xWRITE !,"IEEE float: ",y }The following examples show that a floating point number is not necessarily equivalent to anumeric string of the same value:SET x=123.4567891234560SET y=123.4567891234567IF x=$DOUBLE(x) { WRITE !,"Same" }ELSE { WRITE !,"Different" }IF y=$DOUBLE(y) { WRITE !,"Same" }ELSE { WRITE !,"Different" }SET x=1234567891234560SET y=1234567891234567IF x=$DOUBLE(x) { WRITE !,"Same" }ELSE { WRITE !,"Different" }IF y=$DOUBLE(y) { WRITE !,"Same" }ELSE { WRITE !,"Different" }See Also• ZZDUMP command• $FNUMBER function• $NUMBER function• Data Types in the Caché SQL Reference202 Caché ObjectScript Reference
$EXTRACT$EXTRACTExtracts specified characters from a character string.$EXTRACT(string,from,to)$E(string,from,to)ParametersstringfromtoAn expression that evaluates to the target string from which the substringis to be extracted.Optional — The starting position within the target string from which to extracta character or the beginning of a range of characters. Specify either apositive integer (counting from 1), an asterisk (which specifies the lastcharacter of the string), or an asterisk followed by a negative integer. If fromis an asterisk, you cannot specify a to parameter.Optional — The end position (inclusive) for a range of characters to beextracted. Specify either a positive integer (counting from 1) or an asterisk(which specifies the last character of the string), or an asterisk followed bya negative integer (which specifies an end position counting backwardsfrom the last character of the string).Description$EXTRACT returns a substring from a specified position in string. The nature of the substringreturned depends on the parameters used.• $EXTRACT(string) extracts the first character in the string.• $EXTRACT(string,from) extracts a single character in the position specified by from.The from value can be an integer count from the beginning of the string, an asteriskspecifying the last character of the string, or an asterisk with a negative integer specifyinga count backwards from the end of the string. For example, if variable var1 contains thestring “ABCD”, the following example extracts “B” (the second character), then “D”(the final character), then “A” (3 characters before the final character):SET var1="ABCD"WRITE !,$EXTRACT(var1,2) // "B"WRITE !,$EXTRACT(var1,*) // "D"WRITE !,$EXTRACT(var1,*-3) // "A"• $EXTRACT(string,from,to) extracts the range of characters starting with the fromposition and ending with the to position. For example, if variable var2 contains the stringCaché ObjectScript Reference 203
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Caché ObjectScriptReferenceVersion
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Table of ContentsSymbols and Abbrev
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$ORDER ............................
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$ZB ...............................
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$ZUTIL(68,21) .....................
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$ZUTIL(128,1) .....................
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List of FiguresClient/Server Connec
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol""##
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol( )*
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Symbols Used in Caché ObjectScript
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThis do
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BREAKBREAK without an ArgumentArgum
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BREAKNote:BREAK 0 is ineffective in
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DescriptionCLOSE device releases ow
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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outine with or without parameter pa
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The Argumentless DO CommandThe argu
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DOMainSET x=1,y=2,z=3WRITE !,"In Ma
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The DO command has a postconditiona
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DO WHILE• QUIT command• Argumen
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DO WHILEQUIT and GOTOThe QUIT comma
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ELSEELSEClause of block-oriented IF
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DescriptionFOR is a block-oriented
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FORMainloopFOR {READ !,"Number: ",n
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cution of the loop. The FOR loop te
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a range with initial value, increme
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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GOTOtestgotoAWRITE !,"running A"DO
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HALTIn the following example, HALT
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HANGNote:You cannot express hangtim
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ELSEIF and ELSE clauses are optiona
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JOBMainloopNEW sex,ageREAD !,"What
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JOBpcroutineroutine-paramsclassname
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have a formal parameter list with t
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JOBParameterprincipal-outputDescrip
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a jobbed process, you can use param
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsRemote
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• If
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsserver
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNotesKI
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe nod
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLOCK Wi
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Caché ObjectScript Commandslocknam
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Set
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• ^c
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLocking
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsMERGEMe
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsInitial
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNEWCrea
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Caché ObjectScript Commandssaves t
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsIn the
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsOPENAcq
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Dev
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsmnespac
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor som
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Wit
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUITTer
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsTest WR
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe var
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNote th
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsA timeo
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsType of
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsReading
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSETAssi
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Caché ObjectScript Commandswas cre
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Caché ObjectScript Commandswith th
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor exa
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe fol
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsTROLLBA
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsArgumen
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSee Als
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSET ^a(
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe par
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsword) w
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Log
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Page 172 and 173: Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
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Page 176 and 177: Caché ObjectScript CommandsfA form
Page 178 and 179: Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe fol
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Page 182 and 183: Caché ObjectScript CommandsMnemoni
Page 184 and 185: Caché ObjectScript CommandsCode-1-
Page 186 and 187: Caché ObjectScript CommandsAfter C
Page 188 and 189: Caché ObjectScript CommandsXECUTE
Page 191 and 192: Caché ObjectScript FunctionsA func
Page 193 and 194: $ASCII$ASCIIReturns the character c
Page 195 and 196: $ASCIISTSET String="ThIs Is a MiXeD
Page 197 and 198: $BIT// Set a to [0,0,1,1]SET $BIT(a
Page 199 and 200: ExamplesIf bitstring= [0,0,1,1,0],
Page 201 and 202: If bitstring = [0,0,1,1,0], when se
Page 203 and 204: $BITLOGICNote:When $BITLOGIC is sup
Page 205 and 206: See Also• $BIT function• $BITCO
Page 207 and 208: $CHARREAD "Input a number 1-3: ",xS
Page 209 and 210: $CHARABCACYou can use decimal numer
Page 211 and 212: $DATAStatusValue011011MeaningThe va
Page 213 and 214: $DATAWhen executed, this code might
Page 215: Because numbers generated by $DOUBL
Page 219 and 220: is an asterisk, $EXTRACT returns th
Page 221 and 222: $EXTRACTSET x="ABCD"SET $EXTRACT(x,
Page 223 and 224: $FACTOR• $ZEXP function• $ZLN f
Page 225 and 226: $FIND$FINDFinds a substring by valu
Page 227 and 228: $FNUMBER• $LIST function• $PIEC
Page 229 and 230: You can include the decimal option
Page 231 and 232: $GET$GETReturns the data value of a
Page 233 and 234: $GETIF $GET(^client(i))="" { QUIT }
Page 235 and 236: The num parameter can be a positive
Page 237 and 238: $INCREMENTKILL xyzWRITE !,$INCREMEN
Page 239 and 240: DescriptionThe $INUMBER function va
Page 241 and 242: $INUMBER• No sign or parentheses.
Page 243 and 244: In the following example, $INUMBER
Page 245 and 246: $ISVALIDNUMSET a="certainly not an
Page 247 and 248: $ISVALIDNUMmin and maxYou can speci
Page 249 and 250: $NORMALIZE parses multiple trailing
Page 251 and 252: the end of width. If the expression
Page 253 and 254: In the following example, the first
Page 255 and 256: $LIST• $LIST(list) returns the fi
Page 257 and 258: If the value of the position parame
Page 259 and 260: $LISTBUILDresults of $LISTBUILD are
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Page 263 and 264: $LISTFINDSET x=$CHAR(0,0,0,1,16,27,
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$LISTGET• $LISTFIND function• $
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If the value of the position parame
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$LISTNEXT$LISTNEXTRetrieves element
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Description$LISTSAME compares the c
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$LISTTOSTRING• $LISTNEXT• $LIST
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$NAME$NAMEReturns the name value of
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with a naked reference to return th
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$NEXT$NEXTReturns the value of the
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The scale parameter value causes th
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• Trailing + and - signs: Both fu
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• Rounding factor: an integer ind
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leading and trailing zeros, and del
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For unsubscripted local variables,
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$ORDER$ORDER Uses Naked Global Refe
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ParametersplistThe target string fr
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In the following example, both $PIE
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The following examples also returns
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$QLENGTH$QLENGTHReturns the number
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$QSUBSCRIPTCode< -1-10nReturn Value
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ExampleThis example presents a gene
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function uses a naked reference to
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$REVERSE$REVERSEReturns the charact
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or immediately after a $SELECT func
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If successful, $SORTBEGIN returns a
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$STACKDOXECUTE$$ECODEReturned when
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$STACK$STACK Code String Arguments
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$TEXTroutineIf specified alone, it
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$TRANSLATE$TRANSLATEPerforms charac
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$VIEW$VIEWReturns the contents of m
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double quotes. If the length parame
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$VIEWStart OPEN 63WRITE !,"Opening
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Math and Time FunctionsThe followin
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$ZARCSINREAD "Input a number: ",num
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$ZCOS210-1returns 1.107148717794090
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ParametersnAn angle in radians, spe
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$ZDATE$ZDATEValidates date and conv
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ParametershdateThe internal date fo
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$ZDATE“Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Ju
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$ZDATEerroptThis parameter suppress
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oth of the above lines generate a
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$ZDATE• $ZDATETIME function• $Z
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is a date, the second integer is a
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$ZDATEHSyntaxMmmmmMeaningFull name
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When yearopt=5, endwin is a numeric
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• If you specify an invalid dform
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• You can use the $ZDATEH functio
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• $ZDATETIME(hdatetime) returns t
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$ZDATETIMEtformatA numeric value th
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$ZDATETIMEThe monthlist string has
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$ZDATETIMEmindateA numeric value th
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ODBC date format (dformat=3) will a
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$ZDATETIMEH$ZDATETIMEHValidates dat
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$ZDATETIMEH• The format Mmm DD YY
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$ZDATETIMEHValue678MeaningExpress t
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$ZDATETIMEHstartwinA numeric value
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• If you specify an otherwise val
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$ZEXP$ZEXPReturns the natural logar
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ParametersnumA string value or a nu
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ExamplesThe following example write
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$ZPOWERgenerates an error.See Also
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values to the corresponding multipl
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an error. You can use the absolute
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$ZTIME$ZTIMEConverts the internal s
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In the examples that follow, Htime
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$ZTIMEH$ZTIMEHConverts a time value
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$ZTIMEHTime DelimiterBy default, Ca
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Routine, Debugging, and Other Comma
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Caché ObjectScript Special Variabl
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Structured System VariablesA struct
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the $ZNSPACE special variable to de
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^$JOB• ZNSPACE command• $ZNSPAC
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^$LOCKSET x=$QUERY(^$JOB(""))WRITE
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The following example tests for the
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DescriptionYou can use the ^$ROUTIN
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^$ROUTINE• $ORDER function• $QU
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System and Other Functionsnumbers,
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System and Other FunctionsThe bit_o
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZB
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System and Other Functions$ZCONVERT
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System and Other FunctionsEncoding
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System and Other FunctionsDescripti
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System and Other FunctionsNote that
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System and Other FunctionsDeclarati
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System and Other Functionstypedef s
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System and Other FunctionsError Mes
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-2)Ex
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-3) c
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System and Other FunctionsEstablish
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System and Other Functions$ZISWIDEC
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System and Other FunctionsSee Also
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System and Other FunctionsParameter
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System and Other FunctionslangAn in
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System and Other FunctionsZNSPACE "
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System and Other Functions$ZPOSITIO
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System and Other FunctionsFor VMS,
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System and Other Functions$ZSTRIPRe
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System and Other FunctionsSET str="
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System and Other FunctionsReturn Va
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System and Other FunctionsThus, if
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System and Other FunctionsYou can u
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System and Other FunctionsExamplesT
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System and Other Functions$ZUTIL(18
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System and Other FunctionsSET A="Fr
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System and Other FunctionsthirdSpec
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System and Other FunctionsExampleWR
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System and Other FunctionsDatabase
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System and Other FunctionsCluster L
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System and Other FunctionsDirectory
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System and Other FunctionsAny form
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System and Other Functions• $ZUTI
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other FunctionsError on
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System and Other FunctionsWhen a ne
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>XECU
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System and Other FunctionsCaché pr
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System and Other FunctionsThis func
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other Functions• $GET
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System and Other Functionsor "RW" m
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System and Other FunctionsReading f
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System and Other Functionsprincipal
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System and Other FunctionsTCOMMIT c
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System and Other Functionsa $ZDATE
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System and Other FunctionsThis conf
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System and Other FunctionsNotes$ZUT
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZD
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System and Other FunctionsEvery tim
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System and Other Functions• $TEST
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System and Other FunctionsValue6789
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System and Other Functionsreturns:
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System and Other FunctionsFlag67891
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System and Other Functions8: regula
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>WRIT
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System and Other Functionsas the cu
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System and Other Functions• Go to
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System and Other FunctionsNote:Beca
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other Functions• $ZLCH
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System and Other FunctionsConversio
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System and Other Functions$ZZENKAKU
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The %ZLANG Language Extension Libra
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Legacy Commands and FunctionsLegacy
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DescriptionDO (legacy version)Note:
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When a block ends, as indicated by
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See Also• DO command• $TEST spe
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FOR (legacy version)increment is po
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len-2, only the last character will
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FOR (legacy version)Incrementing wi
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IF (legacy version)IF (legacy versi
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DescriptionZQUIT (legacy command)No
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ZQUIT (legacy command)For example:Z
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$ZBITFIND (legacy function)$ZBITCOU
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ParameterspositionValue or expressi
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esulting bitstring is 1 in all posi
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DescriptionThis page describes the
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$ZUTIL(67,4) (legacy function)• $
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$ZUTIL(67,5) (legacy function)pstat
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$ZUTIL(67,6) (legacy function)$ZUTI
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$ZUTIL(67,7,pid) returns a string c
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Code6064687276808488961041081161401
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$ZUTIL(67,12) (legacy function)$ZUT
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ParameterspidA process ID number. T
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ExamplesThe following is the hexade
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SYS.Process MethodsYou can get the
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See Also$ZUTIL(133) (legacy functio
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or a counter's name or description
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$ZUTIL(133) (legacy function)1. Cal
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