Caché ObjectScript Reference - InterSystems Documentation

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Caché ObjectScript Special VariablesEchoed CharacterAny printable ASCIIcharacterASCII Code1213108932-126Effect on $Y$Y=0$Y=$Y$Y=$Y+1$Y=$Y$Y=$Y$Y=$YThe S(ecret) protocol of the OPEN and USE commands turns off echoing. It also prevents$Y from being changed during input, so it indicates the true cursor position.Because WRITE * does not change $Y, you can send a control sequence to your terminaland $Y will still reflect the true cursor position. Since some control sequences do move thecursor, you can use the SET command to set $Y directly. For example, the following commandsmove the cursor to column 20 and line 10 on a VT100-type terminal and set $X and$Y accordingly:SET dy=10,dx=20WRITE *27,*91,dy+1,*59,dx+1,*72SET $Y=dy,$X=dxANSI standard control sequences (such as escape sequences) that the device acts on but doesnot output can produce a discrepancy between the $X and $Y values and the true cursorposition. To avoid this problem, use the WRITE * statement and specify the ASCII valueof each character in the string. For example, instead of using the following code:WRITE $CHAR(27)_"[1m"use this equivalent form:WRITE *27,*91,*49,*109As a rule, after any escape sequence that explicitly moves the cursor, you should update $Xand $Y to reflect the actual cursor position.See Also• $X special variable• I/O Devices and Commands in Caché I/O Device Guide458 Caché ObjectScript Reference
$ZA• Terminal I/O in Caché I/O Device Guide• Interprocess Communication in Caché I/O Device Guide$ZAContains the status of the last READ on the current device.$ZADescription$ZA contains the status of the last READ on the current device.This special variable cannot be modified using the SET command. Attempting to do so resultsin a error.Notes$ZA with Terminal I/O$ZA is implemented as a sequence of bit flags, with each bit indicating a specific piece ofinformation. The following table shows the possible values, their meanings, and how to testthem.Bit01289101112Test$ZA#2$ZA\2#2$ZA\4#2$ZA\256#2$ZA\512#2$ZA\1024#2$ZA\2048#2$ZA\4096#2MeaningA arrived, whether or not breaks were enabled.The READ timed out.I/O error.Caché detected an invalid escape sequence.The hardware detected a parity or framing error.VMS only: Data overrun error.The process is disconnected from its principal device.For COM ports: CTS (Clear To Send). A signal sent fromthe modem to its computer indicating that transmission canproceed. For TCP devices: the device is functioning inServer mode.Caché ObjectScript Reference 459
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Caché ObjectScriptReferenceVersion
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Table of ContentsSymbols and Abbrev
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$ORDER ............................
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$ZB ...............................
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$ZUTIL(68,21) .....................
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$ZUTIL(128,1) .....................
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List of FiguresClient/Server Connec
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol""##
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Symbols and AbbreviationsSymbol( )*
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Symbols Used in Caché ObjectScript
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Abbreviations Used in Caché Object
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThis do
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BREAKBREAK without an ArgumentArgum
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BREAKNote:BREAK 0 is ineffective in
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DescriptionCLOSE device releases ow
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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outine with or without parameter pa
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The Argumentless DO CommandThe argu
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DOMainSET x=1,y=2,z=3WRITE !,"In Ma
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The DO command has a postconditiona
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DO WHILE• QUIT command• Argumen
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DO WHILEQUIT and GOTOThe QUIT comma
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ELSEELSEClause of block-oriented IF
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DescriptionFOR is a block-oriented
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FORMainloopFOR {READ !,"Number: ",n
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cution of the loop. The FOR loop te
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a range with initial value, increme
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ArgumentspcAn optional postconditio
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GOTOtestgotoAWRITE !,"running A"DO
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HALTIn the following example, HALT
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HANGNote:You cannot express hangtim
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ELSEIF and ELSE clauses are optiona
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JOBMainloopNEW sex,ageREAD !,"What
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JOBpcroutineroutine-paramsclassname
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have a formal parameter list with t
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JOBParameterprincipal-outputDescrip
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a jobbed process, you can use param
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsRemote
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• If
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsserver
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNotesKI
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe nod
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLOCK Wi
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Caché ObjectScript Commandslocknam
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Set
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• ^c
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsLocking
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsMERGEMe
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsInitial
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNEWCrea
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Caché ObjectScript Commandssaves t
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsIn the
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsOPENAcq
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Dev
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsmnespac
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor som
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Wit
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUITTer
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsTest WR
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe var
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsNote th
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsA timeo
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsType of
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsReading
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSETAssi
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Caché ObjectScript Commandswas cre
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Caché ObjectScript Commandswith th
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsFor exa
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe fol
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsDescrip
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsTROLLBA
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsArgumen
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSee Als
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsSET ^a(
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsThe par
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Caché ObjectScript Commandsword) w
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• Log
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Caché ObjectScript Commands• VIE
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsAfter r
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsModen >
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsQUIT an
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsWRITEDi
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsfA form
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsMnemoni
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsCode-1-
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsAfter C
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Caché ObjectScript CommandsXECUTE
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Caché ObjectScript FunctionsA func
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$ASCII$ASCIIReturns the character c
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$ASCIISTSET String="ThIs Is a MiXeD
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$BIT// Set a to [0,0,1,1]SET $BIT(a
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ExamplesIf bitstring= [0,0,1,1,0],
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If bitstring = [0,0,1,1,0], when se
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$BITLOGICNote:When $BITLOGIC is sup
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See Also• $BIT function• $BITCO
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$CHARREAD "Input a number 1-3: ",xS
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$CHARABCACYou can use decimal numer
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$DATAStatusValue011011MeaningThe va
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$DATAWhen executed, this code might
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Because numbers generated by $DOUBL
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$EXTRACT$EXTRACTExtracts specified
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is an asterisk, $EXTRACT returns th
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$EXTRACTSET x="ABCD"SET $EXTRACT(x,
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$FACTOR• $ZEXP function• $ZLN f
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$FIND$FINDFinds a substring by valu
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$FNUMBER• $LIST function• $PIEC
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You can include the decimal option
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$GET$GETReturns the data value of a
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$GETIF $GET(^client(i))="" { QUIT }
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The num parameter can be a positive
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$INCREMENTKILL xyzWRITE !,$INCREMEN
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DescriptionThe $INUMBER function va
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$INUMBER• No sign or parentheses.
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In the following example, $INUMBER
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$ISVALIDNUMSET a="certainly not an
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$ISVALIDNUMmin and maxYou can speci
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$NORMALIZE parses multiple trailing
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the end of width. If the expression
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In the following example, the first
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$LIST• $LIST(list) returns the fi
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If the value of the position parame
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$LISTBUILDresults of $LISTBUILD are
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In the following example, ZZDUMP sh
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$LISTFINDSET x=$CHAR(0,0,0,1,16,27,
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If the value of the startafter para
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$LISTGET• $LISTFIND function• $
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If the value of the position parame
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$LISTNEXT$LISTNEXTRetrieves element
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Description$LISTSAME compares the c
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$LISTTOSTRING• $LISTNEXT• $LIST
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$NAME$NAMEReturns the name value of
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with a naked reference to return th
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$NEXT$NEXTReturns the value of the
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The scale parameter value causes th
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• Trailing + and - signs: Both fu
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• Rounding factor: an integer ind
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leading and trailing zeros, and del
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For unsubscripted local variables,
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$ORDER$ORDER Uses Naked Global Refe
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ParametersplistThe target string fr
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In the following example, both $PIE
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The following examples also returns
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$QLENGTH$QLENGTHReturns the number
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$QSUBSCRIPTCode< -1-10nReturn Value
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ExampleThis example presents a gene
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function uses a naked reference to
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$REVERSE$REVERSEReturns the charact
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or immediately after a $SELECT func
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If successful, $SORTBEGIN returns a
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$STACKDOXECUTE$$ECODEReturned when
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$STACK$STACK Code String Arguments
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$TEXTroutineIf specified alone, it
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$TRANSLATE$TRANSLATEPerforms charac
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$VIEW$VIEWReturns the contents of m
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double quotes. If the length parame
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$VIEWStart OPEN 63WRITE !,"Opening
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Math and Time FunctionsThe followin
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$ZARCSINREAD "Input a number: ",num
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$ZCOS210-1returns 1.107148717794090
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ParametersnAn angle in radians, spe
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$ZDATE$ZDATEValidates date and conv
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ParametershdateThe internal date fo
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$ZDATE“Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Ju
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$ZDATEerroptThis parameter suppress
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oth of the above lines generate a
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$ZDATE• $ZDATETIME function• $Z
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is a date, the second integer is a
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$ZDATEHSyntaxMmmmmMeaningFull name
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When yearopt=5, endwin is a numeric
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• If you specify an invalid dform
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• You can use the $ZDATEH functio
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• $ZDATETIME(hdatetime) returns t
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$ZDATETIMEtformatA numeric value th
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$ZDATETIMEThe monthlist string has
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$ZDATETIMEmindateA numeric value th
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ODBC date format (dformat=3) will a
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$ZDATETIMEH$ZDATETIMEHValidates dat
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$ZDATETIMEH• The format Mmm DD YY
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$ZDATETIMEHValue678MeaningExpress t
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$ZDATETIMEHstartwinA numeric value
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• If you specify an otherwise val
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$ZEXP$ZEXPReturns the natural logar
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ParametersnumA string value or a nu
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ExamplesThe following example write
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$ZPOWERgenerates an error.See Also
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values to the corresponding multipl
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an error. You can use the absolute
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$ZTIME$ZTIMEConverts the internal s
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In the examples that follow, Htime
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$ZTIMEH$ZTIMEHConverts a time value
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$ZTIMEHTime DelimiterBy default, Ca
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Routine, Debugging, and Other Comma
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The following example tests for the
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DescriptionYou can use the ^$ROUTIN
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^$ROUTINE• $ORDER function• $QU
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System and Other Functionsnumbers,
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System and Other FunctionsThe bit_o
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZB
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System and Other Functions$ZCONVERT
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System and Other FunctionsEncoding
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System and Other FunctionsDescripti
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System and Other FunctionsNote that
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System and Other FunctionsDeclarati
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System and Other Functionstypedef s
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System and Other FunctionsError Mes
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-2)Ex
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System and Other Functions$ZF(-3) c
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System and Other FunctionsEstablish
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System and Other Functions$ZISWIDEC
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System and Other FunctionsSee Also
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System and Other FunctionsParameter
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System and Other FunctionslangAn in
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System and Other FunctionsZNSPACE "
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System and Other Functions$ZPOSITIO
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System and Other FunctionsFor VMS,
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System and Other Functions$ZSTRIPRe
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System and Other FunctionsSET str="
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System and Other FunctionsReturn Va
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System and Other FunctionsThus, if
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System and Other FunctionsYou can u
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System and Other FunctionsExamplesT
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System and Other Functions$ZUTIL(18
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System and Other FunctionsSET A="Fr
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System and Other FunctionsthirdSpec
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System and Other FunctionsExampleWR
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System and Other FunctionsDatabase
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System and Other FunctionsCluster L
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System and Other FunctionsDirectory
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System and Other FunctionsAny form
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System and Other Functions• $ZUTI
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other FunctionsError on
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System and Other FunctionsWhen a ne
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>XECU
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System and Other FunctionsCaché pr
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System and Other FunctionsThis func
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System and Other FunctionsSubfuncti
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System and Other Functions• $GET
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System and Other Functionsor "RW" m
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System and Other FunctionsReading f
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System and Other Functionsprincipal
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System and Other FunctionsTCOMMIT c
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System and Other Functionsa $ZDATE
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System and Other FunctionsThis conf
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System and Other FunctionsNotes$ZUT
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System and Other FunctionsWRITE $ZD
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System and Other FunctionsEvery tim
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System and Other Functions• $TEST
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System and Other FunctionsValue6789
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System and Other Functionsreturns:
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System and Other FunctionsFlag67891
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System and Other Functions8: regula
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System and Other FunctionsUSER>WRIT
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System and Other Functionsas the cu
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System and Other Functions• Go to
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System and Other FunctionsNote:Beca
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System and Other FunctionsExampleTh
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System and Other Functions• $ZLCH
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System and Other FunctionsConversio
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System and Other Functions$ZZENKAKU
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The %ZLANG Language Extension Libra
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Legacy Commands and FunctionsLegacy
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DescriptionDO (legacy version)Note:
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When a block ends, as indicated by
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See Also• DO command• $TEST spe
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FOR (legacy version)increment is po
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len-2, only the last character will
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FOR (legacy version)Incrementing wi
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IF (legacy version)IF (legacy versi
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DescriptionZQUIT (legacy command)No
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ZQUIT (legacy command)For example:Z
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$ZBITFIND (legacy function)$ZBITCOU
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ParameterspositionValue or expressi
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esulting bitstring is 1 in all posi
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DescriptionThis page describes the
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$ZUTIL(67,4) (legacy function)• $
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$ZUTIL(67,5) (legacy function)pstat
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$ZUTIL(67,6) (legacy function)$ZUTI
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$ZUTIL(67,7,pid) returns a string c
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Code6064687276808488961041081161401
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$ZUTIL(67,12) (legacy function)$ZUT
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ParameterspidA process ID number. T
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ExamplesThe following is the hexade
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SYS.Process MethodsYou can get the
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See Also$ZUTIL(133) (legacy functio
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or a counter's name or description
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$ZUTIL(133) (legacy function)1. Cal
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