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Continued from page 53– Organic Pesticides: Not anOxymoronbecome poisonous to plants and even worms at highconcentrations.The seeming contradiction between organic labeling andpotentially harmful pesticide practices may lie in therelative leniency of the USDA organic guidelines,Gillman says. Various organic certification agencies,such as the Oregon Tilth, have tighter rules. (Check outthis roundup of acceptable and forbidden pesticides.)Gillman says just because an organic farmer used someauthorized chemicals is no reason to shun the food. Butit's important for consumers to know what's going on.For him, the answer to the ambiguity around organiclabeling is to go local. "I go to the farmers market andtalk to the growers to see who is serious about reducingpesticide use," he says. "I'd rather buy food fromsomeone who used Roundup once than someone whouses organic pesticides all the time."http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2011/06/18/137249264/organic-pesticides-not-an-oxymoron☻☻☻☻☻Exposure to Pesticides inFood, Air and WaterIncreases Risk of Type 2Diabetes, Study FindsFeb. 5, 2013 — A study led by the University ofGranada reveals that there is a direct relationshipbetween the presence of Persistent Organic Pollutants inthe body and the development of type 2 diabetes,regardless of the patient's age, gender or body massindex.A study conducted at the University of Granada hasrevealed that there is a direct relationship betweenexposure to pesticides (Persistent Organic Pollutants,CPOs [POPs]) in food, air and water and prevalence oftype 2 diabetes in adults, regardless of age, gender andbody mass index. These substances tend to concentratein body fat, and they might be one of the reasons whyobese people are more likely to develop diabetes, sincethe more fat the higher the COP [POP] concentrations inthe body.In a paper recently published in the journalEnvironmental Research, researchers demonstrate thatpeople with higher concentrations of DDE -the mainmetabolite in the pesticide DDT- are four times morelikely to develop type 2 diabetes than other people.In addition, the risk of type 2 diabetes is also associated withexposure to β-HCH (beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane), which ispresent in the formula of the pesticide Lindano.A Study with 386 SubjectsTo carry out this study, the researchers analyzed theconcentrations of a specific group of COPs [POPs]in theadipose tissue of 386 adult subjects assisted at San Ceciliohospital, Granada, and Santa Ana hospital, Motril, Spain.According to the University of Granada and San Cecilioresearcher, Juan Pedro Arrebola, "human adipose tissue(commonly known as "fat") acts as an energy reservoir andhas an important metabolic function. However, adiposetissue can store potentially harmful substances, such aspersistent organic pollutants (COPs)[POPs]."This makes COPs [POPs] concentrations a useful marker ofa subject's exposure to COPs [POPs]. COPs [POPs] are agroup of chemicals with diverse characteristics which arepresent in pesticides, industrial waste and building materials.These compounds penetrate the body mainly through food,but also through air or the skin.According to professor Arrebola, "the mechanism of actionby which COPs [POPs] increases the risk of diabetes is stillunknown. However, some researchers have suggested thatCOPs [POPs] might cause an immunological response whenthey penetrate estrogen receptors in tissues associated withthe metabolism of sugars."The prevalence of diabetes in the world has significantlyincreased in the last decades. It is estimated that by 2030,4.4% of the world population have this metabolic disorder.This will have a severe impact on public health programs,since it is highly resource-consuming. The factors causingsuch increase in the prevalence of diabetes are not stillclearly understood.This research study was conducted by researchers at SanCecilio University Hospital, Granada, the University ofGranada and the Andalusian School of Public Health, SantaAna hospital, Motril, and the Hospital del Mard'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona. According to theauthors of the study "we are an example of clinical researchfocused on common diseases with a high impact on health."Journal Reference:Juan P. Arrebola, José Pumarega, Magda Gasull, Mariana F.Fernandez, Piedad Martin-Olmedo, José M. Molina-Molina,María Fernández-Rodríguez, Miquel Porta, Nicolás Olea. Adiposetissue concentrations of persistent organic pollutants andprevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults from Southern Spain.Environmental Research, 2013; DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2012.12.001http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130205101415.htm☻☻☻☻☻54-- Traditional African Clinic July 2013
African Traditional Herbal Research ClinicVolume 8, Issue 6 NEWSLETTER July 2013FEATURED ARTICLESGenetic Engineering: The Global Food andAgricultural CrisisBy Colin TodhunterJuly 16, 2013In 2012, Professor Seralini of the University of Caenin France led a team that carried out research into thehealth impacts on rats fed GMOs (geneticallymodified organisms) (1). The two-year long studyconcluded that rats fed GMOs experienced serioushealth problems compared to those fed non GM food.Now comes a new major peer-reviewed study that hasappeared in another respected journal. This studythrows into question the claim often forwarded by thebiotech sector that GMO technology increasesproduction and is beneficial to agriculture.Researchers at the University of Canterbury inthe UK have found that the GM strategy used inNorth American staple crop production is limitingyields and increasing pesticide use compared to non-GM farming in Western Europe. Led by ProfessorJack Heinemann, the study’s findings have beenpublished in the June edition of the InternationalJournal of Agricultural Sustainability (2). Theresearch analysed data on agricultural productivityin North America and Western Europe over the last50 years.Heinemann states his team found that the com-bination of non-GM seed and management practicesused by Western Europe is increasing corn yieldsfaster than the use of the GM-led package chosen bythe US. The research showed rapeseed (canola)yields increasing faster in Europe without GM thanin the GM-led package chosen by Canada. What ismore, the study finds that it is decreasing chemicalherbicide and achieving even larger declines ininsecticide use without sacrificing yield gains, whilechemical herbicide use in the US has increased withGM seed.According to Heinemann, Europe has learned togrow more food per hectare and use fewer chemicalsin the process. On the other hand, the US choices inbiotechnology are causing it to fall behind Europe inproductivity and sustainability.The Heinemann team’s report notes that incentivesin North America are leading to a reliance on GMseeds and management practices that are inferior tothose being adopted under the incentive systems inEurope. This is also affecting non GM crops.US yield in non-GM wheat is falling furtherbehind Europe, “demonstrating that Americanchoices in biotechnology penalise both GM andnon-GM crop types relative to Europe,” according toProfessor Heinemann.He goes on to state that the decrease in annualvariation in yield suggests that Europe has a superiorcombination of seed and crop managementtechnology and is better suited to withstand weathervariations. This is important because annualvariations cause price speculations that can drivehundreds of millions of people into food poverty.The report also highlights some grave concernsabout the impact of modern agriculture per se interms of the general move towards depleted geneticContinued on page 5655-- Traditional African Clinic July 2013
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