Palestinian Family Survey 2010 Final Report - Palestinian Central ...

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PCBS: Palestinian Family Survey, 2010XIII. HIV/AIDSKnowledge about HIV Transmission and Misconceptions about HIV/AIDSOne of the most important prerequisites for reducing the rate of HIV infection is accurate knowledge of how HIV istransmitted and strategies for preventing transmission. Correct information is the first step towards raising awarenessand giving young people the tools to protect themselves from infection. Misconceptions about HIV are common andcan confuse young people and hinder prevention efforts.Different regions are likely to have variations in misconceptions although some appear to be universal (for examplethat sharing food can transmit HIV or mosquito bites can transmit HIV). The UN General Assembly Special Session onHIV/AIDS (UNGASS) called on governments to improve the knowledge and skills of young people to protect themselvesfrom HIV. The indicators to measure this goal as well as the MDG of reducing HIV infections by half include improvingthe level of knowledge of HIV and its prevention, and changing behaviours to prevent further spread of the disease.HIV modules were administered to women 15-49 years of age in the State of Palestine.One indicator which is both an MDG and UNGASS indicator is the percent of young women who have comprehensiveand correct knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission. In the Palestinian Family Survey 2010 all women who haveheard of AIDS were asked whether they knew of the three main ways of preventing HIV transmission – having only onefaithful uninfected partner and using a condom every time and abstaining from sex.The results are presented in Table HA.1 for women age 15-49. The majority of the interviewed women (95 percent)have heard of AIDS. However, the percentage of women who know of both main ways of preventing HIV transmissionis only eight percent. HIV transmission by geographical regions indicated that a lower percentage of comprehensiveknowledge was found in the Gaza Strip (6 percent), compared to the West Bank (9 percent). The results show that comprehensiveknowledge is seven percent in rural areas and Camps compared to urban areas where it was eight percent.It is also noted that the percentage is higher among women in wealthier households than among women from poorfamilies, as it was 12 percent among women from the richest households compared with 5 percent of women from thepoorest households.The results show that 72 percent of women 15-49 years know that “having only one uninfected sex partner”, and40 percent of women know of using a condom every time you engage in sex,” are the main ways of preventing HIVtransmission. There are differences in the degree of knowledge by geographic regions and education level of women,with the number women knowing that HIV transmission can be prevented by having a relationship with one faithfuluninfected partner is higher in the Gaza Strip (9 percent) compared to women in the West Bank with six percent. Verylittle difference was noted for comprehensive HIV knowledge among women in Camps and rural areas which wasseven percent and eight percent in urban areas. Knowledge that “having only one uninfected sex partner”, was alsocorrelated with wealth index, decreasing from 80 percent among the richest households women to 39 percent amongpoorest women. The data indicates that knowledge of the use of condoms as a method of prevention varied dependingon the geographic region and education levels of women, where level of knowledge was found to be slightly loweramong women in the Gaza Strip women than women in the West Bank women i.e. 39 compared with 41 percent inthe West Bank.The results show that the proportion of women 15-49 years of age, who know that a single faithful partner and the useof condom as ways of prevention of transmission of the disease, is 35 percent. Differences exist according to maritalstatus and women education, the highest proportion found among ever married or married women compared withnot married. These percentages were 40 percent and 25 percent respectively. The percentage is also higher amongwomen who have education levels of secondary and above with 43 percent compared with 22 percent among womenwith no education.The results for women age 15-24 are separately presented in Table HA.2. There are no differences among young womenaged 15-24 years who have heard of AIDS (96 percent) and who know of both main ways of preventing HIV transmission(29 percent) when comparing with the age group 15-49 years. Differentials of these indicators by backgroundcharacteristics such as geographical regions, level of education and wealth, are generally similar to those for age group15-49 years.127
PCBS: Palestinian Family Survey, 2010128Gaza 90.8 76.2 42.9 38.7 55.5 30.7 72.2 59.2 12.5 5.7 1,813North Gaza 94.5 44.8 37.4 28.0 63.4 47.2 80.6 62.0 29.2 5.6 1,128Hebron 95.4 65.0 45.4 35.7 63.0 39.0 77.5 59.2 21.9 10.2 2,254Bethlehem 92.7 78.7 40.4 37.1 62.6 34.3 75.6 58.9 19.3 9.3 663Jerusalem 95.6 72.1 45.4 38.7 67.9 42.5 83.7 68.2 27.3 12.8 1,346Jericho & Al-Aghwar 95.7 85.0 42.8 41.9 54.4 29.5 71.2 71.7 14.9 8.2 164Ramallah and Al-Bireh 94.3 79.7 35.2 31.5 59.0 38.6 73.6 69.4 22.3 7.1 1,130Salfit 98.7 79.5 43.5 41.3 45.8 28.5 68.4 67.7 13.5 8.7 235Qalqilyia 98.9 59.0 34.1 24.2 53.9 34.8 70.8 60.8 12.3 3.7 382Nablus 97.4 78.4 39.9 35.7 62.0 37.6 75.4 61.7 17.4 8.1 1,304Tulkarm 94.3 73.5 32.0 28.2 56.0 32.3 74.3 63.7 16.6 6.2 705Tubas 98.2 74.9 38.1 32.4 43.1 40.9 78.7 64.0 15.2 6.3 222Jenin 97.6 73.6 43.8 37.5 47.5 44.5 76.1 64.9 17.2 7.5 1,058GovernorateHaving only onefaithful uninfectedsex partnerUsing a condomevery timeBackground characteristicsPercentagewhohaveheard ofAIDSPercentage who know transmissioncan be prevented by: Percentageofwomenwho knowboth waysPercentagewhoknow thata healthylookingpersoncan havethe AIDSvirusMosquit-obitesSupernatur-almeansSharing foodwith someonewith AIDSPercentage who know that HIVcannot be transmitted by:Percentagewho rejectthe two mostcommonmisconceptionsandknow that ahealthy lookingpersoncan have theAIDS virusPercentagewithcomprehensiveknowledge[1]Numberof womenTable HA.1.: Knowledge about HIV transmission, misconceptions about HIV/AIDS, and comprehensive knowledge about HIV transmissionPercentage of women age 15-49 years who know the main ways of preventing HIV transmission, percentage who know that a healthy looking person can have the AIDS virus,percentage who reject common misconceptions, and percentage who have comprehensive knowledge about HIV transmission, State of Palestine, 2010
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