Modern Hebrew: An Essential Grammar

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40 Negation or how to say ‘no’a ‘I’m not . . ., he isn’t . . ., they didn’t’Negation orhow to say‘no’To negate most types of sentence, colloquial Hebrew simply inserts after the subject (or, more accurately, in front of the predicate): The tank isn’t empty He’s not here? You aren’t turning on the light? I didn’t askFormal Hebrew, as we shall see in 99, sometimes uses instead of .b as the opposite of For ‘there isn’t . . ., there aren’t . . .’, ‘I haven’t . . .’, Hebrew uses theverbal particle . This word is the opposite of . See 37, 38, e.g.: There isn’t timec Negative instructionsWhen using the infinitive to issue an instruction (in ‘lofty’ requests), use in the normal way to make it negative: No moving, Don’t move!However, the commonest form of negative request is to use (not )plus the future tense. (The imperative form of the verb is not used in thenegative.) Don’t move Don’t spill71
Level OneBy contrast,rather than a request. would mean ‘you won’t move’, i.e. a prediction41 ‘The cake in the fridge, stamps from Israel’For phrases such as ‘the cake in the fridge, some stamps from Israel’,Hebrew closely resembles English: The cake in the fridge is for Shabbat? Do you have some stamps from Israel?? Where’s the gentleman in the shtreimel?Elegant Hebrew often prefers to insert , thus: the flaw (lit. that is) in the plan42 Degree words: Ôð, Ök-ñÖk , ðÒêÐô, etc.Degree words (‘very, a bit, quite, so, more’) usually come before theiradjective in colloquial usage: very hard a bit hard harder quite nice -so nice real nice72 ‘very’ equally well follows its adjective: . Similarly, ‘too’: ‘too nice’. In formal Hebrew, most degree words tend tofollow the adjective, e.g. ‘harder’.
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Modern HebrewAn Essential GrammarTh
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Modern HebrewAn Essential GrammarTh
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ContentsPrefaceGlossaryHebrew gramm
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20 The present tense 35(a) Form of
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Contents ‘grow’ 10458 PA’AL
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Contents91-6 Adverbials91 Adverbs o
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PrefaceThus the exercises in this b
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GlossaryxviAction nouns indicate an
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GlossaryPrefixes are bits prefixed
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Level One
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Level OneFem. sing. Our Sara is t
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Level OneThe feminine plural pronou
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Level OneThere are some exceptions:
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Level OneWhen the vowel a becomes t
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Level One ~ evening ~ part ~ r
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Level OneExample: ‘good’Fem. s
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Level OneFurther examples: right
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Level OneA few quantity words follo
Page 41 and 42: Level One an empty tank an empty
Page 43 and 44: Level OneMasc. sing.Fem. sing.Masc.
Page 45 and 46: Level OneMasculine numerals 1-10 '
Page 47 and 48: Level One1 For ‘21, 31’, etc.
Page 49 and 50: Level Onec Adjectives without their
Page 51 and 52: Level OneThe full list is as follow
Page 53 and 54: Level OneFor words that already hav
Page 55 and 56: Level One19 The past tensea Form of
Page 57 and 58: Level OneAnd using the verb ‘get
Page 59 and 60: Level OneIn practice, confusion bet
Page 61 and 62: Level One take! run! put! get d
Page 63 and 64: Level OneThere is a variety of such
Page 65 and 66: Level One6 For an ADJECTIVE there i
Page 67 and 68: Level OneNotes:1 The suffixes consi
Page 69 and 70: Level OneNote: The traditional name
Page 71 and 72: Level OneNotes:1 In the past tense,
Page 73 and 74: Level OnePresent The vowel in
Page 75 and 76: Level One30-2 THE PASSIVE BINYANIM:
Page 77 and 78: Level OneNotes:1 Some omit the lett
Page 79 and 80: Level OnePU’AL, like the other pa
Page 81 and 82: Level One Take the meat Take the
Page 83 and 84: Level Onea Preposition + suffix: ,
Page 85 and 86: Level Oned Preposition + suffix:
Page 87 and 88: Level OneAdjustment (b)If the next
Page 89 and 90: Level One37L Ñ ‘there is, there
Page 91: Level One39 Questionsa Questions of
Page 95 and 96: Level OneIn fact, Hebrew commonly h
Page 97 and 98: Level One48 Adverbial clauses: Ìk
Page 99 and 100: Level OneFor hypothetical ‘like
Page 102 and 103: 50-9 SPECIAL ROOT-TYPES ' rootsMany
Page 104 and 105: 2 In most cases where there is no s
Page 106 and 107: Future , , , , , ,Roots with
Page 108 and 109: * This particular form needs no adj
Page 110 and 111: 4 A peculiar adjustment, more commo
Page 112 and 113: a Usually soft , , directly followi
Page 114 and 115: Most such roots repeat the same two
Page 116 and 117: For example, ‘sit’: ' rootsPa
Page 118 and 119: Further examples:Maverickverbs
Page 120 and 121: 5 ‘walk up to’, another law u
Page 122 and 123: has the infinitive infinitive for
Page 124 and 125: a verbs verbs behave just like oth
Page 126 and 127: Future , , , , , , ,Infinitive
Page 128 and 129: 59 A minor binyan: the PO’EL and
Page 130 and 131: Examples:More pluralsof nouns ears
Page 132 and 133: Many nouns ending in take the end
Page 134 and 135: e i and a i apply to some twenty
Page 136 and 137: " action nouns (recall 50) insert
Page 138 and 139: The noun pattern PA’ALAN (verbs o
Page 140 and 141: 4 : commonly denotes a location
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13 The suffix : simply an object
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law (cf. legislate) garden (cf.
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Where the noun ends in , this may o
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(a)(b)(c) ‘legible’ ( ‘rea
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Similarly, many adjectives of the
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With singular nounsWe first illustr
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1 To describe someone’s or someth
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a The / type (initial )Constructseg
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1 Construct of : : Similarl
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, , , , , , , , ,Definitenum
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80 Ordinals: ‘first, second, thir
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does not mean ‘I was getting up (
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83 The object suffix:Òî³ Òîò
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A third phenomenon, involving many
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d ‘the more that . . ., the more
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(1a)(1b) automatically (in a
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94ó ÒîÔí ,íÖòÖL Ôí ‘to
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98 Where to position ó Ôè and š
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But used by themselves, the negativ
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102 Wishes and requests‘Either .
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This amounts to saying ‘the man t
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a Inverting subject and verb1 Where
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? , This cab, who ordered it?
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Exercises
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Exercises4 The definite article1 Th
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Exercises7e Feminine denoting peopl
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Exercises13c Particles of being1 Ra
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Exercises16d Numerals without their
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Exercises21 The future tense21a For
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Exercises26 Two-syllable and one-sy
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Exercises7 Ariela, ask to hear the
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Exercises31 Binyan HUF’AL1 Using
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Exercises35 Preposition + suffix35a
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Exercises35e Preposition + suffix:
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Exercises43 Adverbs of time and pla
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Exercises4 It is possible that they
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Exercises2 and: ‘he decided’,
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Exercises53 Four-consonant rootsUsi
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Exercises56d ,1 He had to go to a
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Exercisesand the future tense:. . .
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Exercises65 Nouns from adjectivesFo
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Exercises9 On what words are the fo
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Exercises73 The construct as a poss
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Exercises78 Preposition + suffix:Ò
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Exercises87-90 COMPARATIVES87 Compa
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Exercises95í Ö of destination, e.
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Exercises102 Wishes and requests1 I
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Exercises106b Starting with the obj
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about (= concerning) about (= appr
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abybaby carriagebaby girlbaby sitte
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ainwavebreadto breakto break out (w
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in chargecharityChavaChayacheapchec
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court (of law)courtyardcousincowcra
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DovdownstairsDrdrag noundressdresse
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to fall in love withfamilyfantastic
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a fruitfunfurniture() Vocabularyf
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(for) heaven’s sake heavy Hebre
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invalidto inviteironto ironironingI
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(at) leastto leave (= quit)to leave
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to meanmeaningmeanwhilemeatmeatymed
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newsnewspaper(the) nextnext tonicen
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parentspark nounto park intrans.par
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prayer-bookprayer-shawlto preferpre
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ight (opp. of left)to be rightright
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sheetshelfshelterShimonshirtshivaSh
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sourSouthsouthernsparklingto speaks
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to talk totalltank (weapon)tape-rec
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traffic-lighttraytreatmenttreetribe
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weirdwellwell done!Westernwetwhat?w
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Key to exercises
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Key toexercises6 , , , ,
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Key toexercises11? 5 4 3 2 ?
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Key toexercises15 3 . 2 . 1
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Key toexercises1919a ` 11 10 9 8 7
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Key toexercises 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Key toexercises301 7 6 5 4 3 2
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Key toexercises 3 . 2 . 1
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Key toexercises38 2 . 1 4 ?
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Key toexercises48? 2 . , 1
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5151b `,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,51d `1-,-,-,
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Key toexercises56b ` 3 . 2 . ,
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Key toexercises6060a ` 4 3 2
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Key toexercises67 , , , , 1 , , , ,
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Key toexercises73 2 . 1. 4
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Key toexercises82 2 . 1 4 .
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Key toexercises91. , 2 .
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Key toexercises100 3 ? . 2 .
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Key toexercises106106a `. ,
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Index300lamed-alef 58(d)lamed-he 50
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Modern Hebrew: An Essential Grammar

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