Rural Design Advice for Individual Houses in the Countryside

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2.EVOLUTION OF THE COUNTRY HOUSEVernacular CottagesExpansion of agriculture and the rural population duringthe 18th and early 19th century led to the construction offamiliar ‘cottage’ architecture located on the estates ofthe Big House, in farmyards and by the side of roads allover the country. These humble dwellings, developedfrom the archaic structures of long houses or byredwellings, presented a natural classic balance in thearrangement of simple materials and structure.21.Predominantly single-storey with a simple rectangularplan, the vernacular cottage was rarely more than oneroom in width and with each room opening into the nextwithout a passage. Nearly all were of rubble stone andmudwall construction, with primitive roof trusses, and sodor thatch oversailing roofs. Simple doorways and smallsquare windows were located on side rather than endwalls, often randomly placed but mostly central to themain elevation. Walls were thick plastered andwhitewashed.22.Many older cottages were enlarged incrementally tomeet the specific requirements of the family, sometimesby elongation (incorporating attached byres and shedsinto the house) or by additions to the original structure toform domestic courtyards.Public Rural HousingThe cottage vernacular was carried into the 20 th centurywith rural public housing, when local authorities rehousedlarge numbers of low income groups from ofteninsanitary accommodation.23.24.These County Council pattern-book houses wereessentially improved versions of traditional dwellingsHipped roofs were replaced with gables and thatch withslates. Windows were arranged symmetrically aroundthe front door. The pitched roofs, usually with a centralchimney, contained lofts lit by gable windows, providingbedrooms on an upper floor. Numerous examples werebuilt in small groups, close to the large estates and maincities. More were provided for ex-servicemen after WorldWar 1. The simple houses were often painted andpersonalised in various other ways to meet therequirements of the owners.10.County Limerick: Rural Design Advice for Individual Houses in the Countryside
EVOLUTION OF THE COUNTRY HOUSE2.Main Features of the Traditional Rural County HousesCountry HouseVernacular Cottage Two-storey, formal architectural tradition. Deep elementary rectangular plan, usually oneroom deep. Rendered stone construction with slate roofs. Simply proportioned, symmetrical arrangementof windows around central door. Central hallway giving access to two groundfloor rooms occupying full width of house. Two or three bedrooms on upper storey. Sometimes large scale and with sufficient spacearound to form a presence in the landscape. Consistent roof pitch (40 o -50 o ), with eitherchimneys on gable ends or located centrally. Hipped or gabled slate roofs. Slates flush with eaves and gables (nooverhanging eaves or barge boards). Large windows with vertical emphasis. Georgian fanlight above front door. Outbuildings/walled enclosures to side or rear,usually developed as a composition and shapedinto courtyards. Often formal garden to front, with workingcourtyard to rear. Similar forms widely built up to the 1950s. Single-storey, vernacular tradition. Elongated rectangular plan, one room deep,giving long low frontage. Simple structure of locally-available materials(stone, timber, thatch/slate). Entrances and windows placed on side ratherthan end walls. Direct-entry door, usually placed centrally. Each room opening onto next without passageor central hall. Modest scale, low ceilings and eaves level. Consistent roof pitch (40 o -50 o ), with singlechimney usually located to one side of the door. Hipped or gabled roofs, thatch replaced withslate (or corrugated iron). Slates flush with eaves and gables (nooverhanging eaves or barge boards). Roof space sometimes used for bedrooms. Rendered and painted walls. Sheds and outbuildings incrementally added,often forming sheltered cluster. Generally located where sheltered from wind,using landform to create improved microclimate. Porch as a common addition. Developed forms include rural public housingwith attic bedrooms and, more recently, thedormer house.Adaptation of traditional formsCounty Limerick: Rural Design Advice for Individual Houses in the Countryside11.
Page 1 and 2: Rural DesignAdvice forIndividualHou
Page 3: CONTENTSPage1. Introduction 1Purpos
Page 6 and 7: 1.INTRODUCTIONPurpose of the Design
Page 8 and 9: 1.INTRODUCTIONThe Local Planning Au
Page 10 and 11: 2.EVOLUTION OF THE COUNTRY HOUSEThe
Page 12 and 13: 2.EVOLUTION OF THE COUNTRY HOUSECla
Page 16 and 17: 2.EVOLUTION OF THE COUNTRY HOUSEMod
Page 18 and 19: 3.SELECTING THE SITEIf a proper fit
Page 20 and 21: 3.SELECTING THE SITEAgricultural Lo
Page 22 and 23: 3.SELECTING THE SITE31.Western Upla
Page 24 and 25: 3.SELECTING THE SITESite LocationLo
Page 26 and 27: 3.SELECTING THE SITEExisting Develo
Page 28 and 29: 3.SELECTING THE SITERoads and Infra
Page 30 and 31: 3.SELECTING THE SITESite Selection
Page 32 and 33: 4.PLANNING THE SITEContextThe new c
Page 34 and 35: 4.PLANNING THE SITEScale, Building
Page 36 and 37: 4.PLANNING THE SITESimple dominant
Page 38 and 39: 4.PLANNING THE SITEBuilding Orienta
Page 40 and 41: 4.PLANNING THE SITERenewable Energy
Page 42 and 43: 4.PLANNING THE SITEGeothermal Energ
Page 44 and 45: 4.PLANNING THE SITEA. Local Sustain
Page 46 and 47: 4.PLANNING THE SITEBoundariesRoadsi
Page 48 and 49: 4.PLANNING THE SITESite Planning Ch
Page 50 and 51: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEThe use of sta
Page 52 and 53: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSETry to avoid:
Page 54 and 55: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEBuilding Form
Page 56 and 57: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSERoofs and Chim
Page 58 and 59: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEDoors, Porches
Page 60 and 61: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEConservatories
Page 62 and 63: 5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEBuilding Conve
Page 64 and 65:
5.DESIGNING THE HOUSEExtensions to
Page 66 and 67:
6.DESIGNING WITH THE PLANNING SYSTE
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
1.APPENDIXRecommended Planting Type
Page 74 and 75:
APPENDIX 2.Building RegulationsThe
Page 76:
APPENDIX 3a.Design Statement for si
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Rural Design Advice for Individual Houses in the Countryside

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