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Figure 26 shows the global total bias (air-mass part plus scan angle part) for theactive channels of the AMSUA-N15 and HIRS3-N17. In this figure, CNTL is theoperational GDAS total bias for these channels as a reference. Most of the channels (o-g)equilibrate within about one month, except for HIRS3_N17 channel 12, which took about2.5 months. Therefore, 3 months was chosen as the general training length for all thehistorical satellites.The next prerequisite to running the spin-up experiments was to assemble a timeseries of active channels and sensors for all the historical satellites, the SATINFO files,marked with periods of known outages and poor quality data. The starting point was a setof tables and scripts received, via JCSDA collaboration, from the MERRA reanalysis, seeBosilovich, 2008. The tables and scripts were updated based upon the ERA-40 qualitycontrol list and the NCEP historical satellite document maintained by co-author DennisKeyser, at:http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/data_processing/Satellite_Historical_Documentation.htm.Once a working set of SATINFO files were created (and the historical set of SSUinstruments were included in the CRTM as noted in 3.1.2), a set of bias correction spinup experiments listed in Table 3 was carried out by running the CFSR over the indicatedperiods when the satellite data first became available (See Figure 21). In 2 cases, NOAA-6 and 11 operated during two periods, so the bias correction spin up had to be done twice.Once each spin up experiment was complete, the post-processing step was carried out onthe (o-g) diagnostic files to create starting SATANG files. It was then paired with theBIASCR file from the last cycle of the training period for use when the final CFSRassimilation began assimilating that particular instrument and sensor. Two features of thisbias correction scheme should be noted. One is the scan angle dependent bias is thedominant part of the total bias, and the other is the predictor coefficients of the air-massbias usually responds to the atmospheric state very quickly, usually within one or twodays.- 66 -
REFERENCESAccadia, C., S. Mariani, M. Casaioli, and A. Lavagnini, 2003: Sensitivity of PrecipitationForecast Skill Scores to Bilinear Interpolation and a Simple Nearest-NeighborAverage Method on High-Resolution Verification Grids, Wea. Forecasting, 18, 918-932.Akmaev, R.A., and H.-M.H. Juang, 2008: Using enthalpy as a prognostic variable inatmospheric modeling with variable composition. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134,2193-2197.Alpert, J. C., M. Kanamitsu, P. M. Caplan, J.G. Sela, G. H. White, and E. Kalnay, 1988:Mountain induced gravity wave drag parameterization in the NMC medium-rangeforecast model. Proc. 8 thConf. on NWP, Baltimore, MD.Alpert, J. C., S.-Y. Hong, and Y.-J. Kim, 1996: Sensitivity of cyclogenesis to lowertropospheric enhancement of gravity wave drag using the environmental modelingcenter medium range model. Proc. 11 th Conf. on NWP, Norfolk, VA.Alpert, J.C., 2004: Subgrid-scale Mountain blocking at NCEP. Proc. 20 th Conf. onWeather and Forecasting, Seattle, WA.Andersson, E., and H. Järvinen, 1999: Variational quality control. Quart. J. R. Meteor.Soc., 125, 697-722.Anderson, J., T. Hoar, K. Raeder, H. Liu, N. Collins, R. Torn, and A. Avellano, 2009: TheData Assimilation Research Testbed: A Community Facility. Bull. Amer. Meteor.Soc., 90, 1283–1296.- 67 -
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ABSTRACTThe NCEP Climate Forecast S
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1. IntroductionThe first reanalysis
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In this paper we only discuss globa
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the reanalysis was halted to addres
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online archive of data for reanalys
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density MESONET data is included in
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The 1B datasets were calibrated usi
Page 16 and 17: MetOp is Europe's first polar-orbit
Page 20 and 21: The third GSI feature enabled in th
Page 22 and 23: the hydrostatic assumption. Soon af
Page 24 and 25: esolution with 28 sigma layers in t
Page 26 and 27: SW and LW radiations at one-hour in
Page 28 and 29: SST data. The other uses AVHRR and
Page 30 and 31: y Gent and McWilliams (1990; see al
Page 32 and 33: from the Global Temperature-Salinit
Page 34 and 35: through the end of the data set in
Page 36 and 37: The passive microwave weather filte
Page 39 and 40: from the sea ice/ocean back to the
Page 41 and 42: weight is assigned to the gauge ana
Page 43 and 44: Stream 6: 1 Jan 1994 to 31 Mar 1999
Page 45 and 46: in the mid 1990’s, the period whe
Page 47: e due to a change over the oceans (
Page 52 and 53: In Figure 49, we show the temporal
Page 54 and 55: distributed in time and space. Desp
Page 56 and 57: forecast model at a lower resolutio
Page 58 and 59: Appendix A: AcronymsAER Atmospheric
Page 60 and 61: ONPCMDIPIRATAPROFLRQBOQuikSCATR1R2R
Page 62 and 63: TMP2M 2m air temperature 24 / 473TM
Page 64 and 65: Appendix C: The Data AccessTo addre
Page 68 and 69: Argo Science Team, 2001: The global
Page 70 and 71: Compo, G.P., J.S. Whitaker, and P.D
Page 72 and 73: ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (O
Page 75 and 76: Global Forecast System. Manuscript
Page 77 and 78: and climate models. Atmos. Chem. Ph
Page 79 and 80: performance Earth system modeling w
Page 81 and 82: with mesoscale numerical weather pr
Page 83 and 84: experiments using SSM/I wind speed
Page 85 and 86: Figure 21: Same as Figure 2, but fo
Page 87 and 88: Figure 45: The fit of 6-hour foreca
Page 89 and 90: Figure 1: Diagram illustrating CFSR
Page 91 and 92: Figure 3: Same as in Figure 2, but
Page 103 and 104: Figure 15: Radiance instruments on
Page 105 and 106: Figure 17: Same as in Figure 16, bu
Page 107 and 108: Figure 19: Global average Tb first
Page 109 and 110: Figure 21: Same as in Figure 16, bu
Page 111: Figure 23: Comparisons of the SSU b
Page 114 and 115: Figure 26: The global total bias fo
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Figure 28: The yearly total of trop
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Figure 30: The vertical structure o
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Figure 32: The global number of tem
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Figure 34: The same as Figure 33, b
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Figure 36: Monthly mean Sea ice ext
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Figure 38: 2-meter volumetric soil
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Figure 40: Schematic of the executi
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Figure 42: Yearly averaged Southern
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Figure 44: Monthly mean hourly surf
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Figure 46: Global mean temperature
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Figure 48: Zonal mean total ozone d
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Figure 50: The subsurface temperatu
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Figure 52: Vertical profiles of the
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Figure 54: Zonal surface velocities
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ProgramPREVENTSACQCACAR_CQCCQCCQCVA
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Satellite Starting date Ending Date
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