The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis - NOAA National ...

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ocean component of the CFSR as a function of depth for the years 1980through 2008. The contour interval is 250 observations.Figure 33: The global distribution of all temperature profiles assimilated by the oceancomponent of the CFSR for the year 1985Figure 34: The same as Figure 33, but for the year 2008.Figure 35: Sea ice concentration for September of 1987 (top) and 2007 (bottom) for theArctic.Figure 36: Monthly mean Sea ice extent (10 6 km 2 ) for the Arctic (top) and the Antarctic(bottom).Figure 37: CFS grid architecture.Figure 38: 2-meter volumetric soil moisture climatology of CFSR for May averaged over1980-2008.Figure 39: Same as in Figure 38, except for November.Figure 40: Schematic of the execution of one day of the CFS Reanalysis.Figure 41: In the upper diagram are the daily time series of 0000 GMT 120 hour forecastsfor the T126L64 CFSR (black), the T62L64 CFSR-Lite (red) , andoperational (OPR) T382L64 operational GFS for 2006. The lower diagram isthe time series of the difference CFSR minus GFS.Figure 42: Yearly averaged Southern Hemisphere (left) and Northern Hemisphere (right)00 GMT 120 hour forecast anomaly correlations for CFSR (black triangles),GFS(red circles), CFSR-Lite (green squares), CFS R2 (purple diamonds),CDAS R1 (blue stars).Figure 43: Global average of monthly-mean precipitation (a), evaporation (b) andevaporation minus precipitation (c). Averages over ocean, land, and oceanplus land are plotted with red, blue, and black curves. Unit is mm/day.Figure 44: Monthly mean hourly surface pressure (with the daily mean subtracted out) forMarch 1998 in a collage of 24 global maps. Each map is on the T382 Gaussiangrid. In red (blue) areas pressure is higher (lower) that the daily mean. Units arehPa. Time starts in the upper left (00Z), then proceeds down to 3Z, thencontinues at the top of the next column of global maps etc.- 86 -
Figure 45: The fit of 6-hour forecasts of instantaneous surface pressure against irregularlydistributed observations also called the background error. Shown are annuallycompiled fits-to-obs data 1979-2008 in units of mbar. In blue SH ocean, inred NH land.Figure 46: Global mean temperature anomalies from 1000 to 1 hPa from January 1979through May 2009.Figure 47: Equatorial (5ºS to 5ºN) zonal mean U wind component time series from 1979to 2009.Figure 48: Zonal mean total ozone differences between the CFSR and the CohesiveSBUV(/2) Total Ozone Dataset. Units are in Dobson units. Also shown areThe time spans of each satellite’s SBUV(/2) data used in the CohesiveSBUV(/2) Total Ozone Dataset.Figure 48: Zonal mean total ozone anomalies as a function of latitude vs time.Figure 49: Temporal lag correlation coefficient between precipitation and SST in thetropical Western Pacific (averaged over 10S-10N, 130E-150E) in R1 (red),R2 (brown), CFSR (green) and observation (black). GPCP daily precipitationand Reynolds ¼ o daily SST are used as observational data. Negative(positive) lag days on the x-axis indicate the SST leads (lags) theprecipitation. Data for the boreal winter (Nov-Apr) over the period 1979-2008are band-pass filtered for 20-100 days after removing the climatologicalmean.Figure 50: The subsurface temperature mean for an equatorial cross-section for CFSR (top)and observations from the World Ocean Atlas (Conkright et al., 1999).Figure 51: The subsurface zonal velocity for an equatorial cross-section for CFSR for theyears: 1979-2008.Figure 52: Vertical profiles of the subsurface temperature (top panels) and zonal velocity(bottom panels) for CFSR (red line) and TAO observations (black line) for fourlocations in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.Figure 53: The vertically averaged temperature (top 300 m) for CFSR for 1979-2008, andfor observations from the World Ocean Atlas (Conkright, et al., 1999).Figure 54: Zonal surface velocities for CFSR ( top left) and for drifters from the Surface- 87 -
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ABSTRACTThe NCEP Climate Forecast S
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1. IntroductionThe first reanalysis
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In this paper we only discuss globa
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the reanalysis was halted to addres
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online archive of data for reanalys
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density MESONET data is included in
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The 1B datasets were calibrated usi
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MetOp is Europe's first polar-orbit
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The third GSI feature enabled in th
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the hydrostatic assumption. Soon af
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esolution with 28 sigma layers in t
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SW and LW radiations at one-hour in
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SST data. The other uses AVHRR and
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y Gent and McWilliams (1990; see al
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from the Global Temperature-Salinit
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through the end of the data set in
Page 36 and 37: The passive microwave weather filte
Page 39 and 40: from the sea ice/ocean back to the
Page 41 and 42: weight is assigned to the gauge ana
Page 43 and 44: Stream 6: 1 Jan 1994 to 31 Mar 1999
Page 45 and 46: in the mid 1990’s, the period whe
Page 47: e due to a change over the oceans (
Page 52 and 53: In Figure 49, we show the temporal
Page 54 and 55: distributed in time and space. Desp
Page 56 and 57: forecast model at a lower resolutio
Page 58 and 59: Appendix A: AcronymsAER Atmospheric
Page 60 and 61: ONPCMDIPIRATAPROFLRQBOQuikSCATR1R2R
Page 62 and 63: TMP2M 2m air temperature 24 / 473TM
Page 64 and 65: Appendix C: The Data AccessTo addre
Page 66 and 67: Figure 26 shows the global total bi
Page 68 and 69: Argo Science Team, 2001: The global
Page 70 and 71: Compo, G.P., J.S. Whitaker, and P.D
Page 72 and 73: ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (O
Page 75 and 76: Global Forecast System. Manuscript
Page 77 and 78: and climate models. Atmos. Chem. Ph
Page 79 and 80: performance Earth system modeling w
Page 81 and 82: with mesoscale numerical weather pr
Page 83 and 84: experiments using SSM/I wind speed
Page 85: Figure 21: Same as Figure 2, but fo
Page 89 and 90: Figure 1: Diagram illustrating CFSR
Page 91 and 92: Figure 3: Same as in Figure 2, but
Page 103 and 104: Figure 15: Radiance instruments on
Page 105 and 106: Figure 17: Same as in Figure 16, bu
Page 107 and 108: Figure 19: Global average Tb first
Page 109 and 110: Figure 21: Same as in Figure 16, bu
Page 111: Figure 23: Comparisons of the SSU b
Page 114 and 115: Figure 26: The global total bias fo
Page 116 and 117: Figure 28: The yearly total of trop
Page 118 and 119: Figure 30: The vertical structure o
Page 120 and 121: Figure 32: The global number of tem
Page 122 and 123: Figure 34: The same as Figure 33, b
Page 124 and 125: Figure 36: Monthly mean Sea ice ext
Page 126 and 127: Figure 38: 2-meter volumetric soil
Page 128 and 129: Figure 40: Schematic of the executi
Page 130 and 131: Figure 42: Yearly averaged Southern
Page 132 and 133: Figure 44: Monthly mean hourly surf
Page 134 and 135: Figure 46: Global mean temperature
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Figure 48: Zonal mean total ozone d
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Figure 50: The subsurface temperatu
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Figure 52: Vertical profiles of the
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Figure 54: Zonal surface velocities
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ProgramPREVENTSACQCACAR_CQCCQCCQCVA
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Satellite Starting date Ending Date
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