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Mozambique National Human Development Report 2007Box 8.1 continuedNumber 9: In the midst of everything else, we mustcontinue to roll out treatment. I am worried by thenew figures. There were one million, three hundredthousand people in treatment at the end of 2005. Sixmonths later there are one million, six hundred andfifty thousand in treatment. Treatment is keepingpeople alive; treatment is bringing hope; treatment isstimulating prevention.Number 10: Unbeknownst to many, we are on thecusp of a huge financial crisis in response to the pandemic.I think we have been lulled into a damagingfalse security by the fact that we jumped from roughlyUS$300 million a year from all sources in the late1990s, to US$18 billion in 2007 and US$22 billion in2008. Projections indicate the need for US$30 billionin 2010, from the moment of universal access totreatment. The financial promises made at the G8Summit in Gleneagles in 2005 are already unraveling.We will never accumulate the extra US$25 billion forAfrica by 2010 as was committed.* These are selected extracts from remarks by the UN Special Envoy on AIDS, Stephen Lewis, at the closing ceremony of the 16thInternational AIDS Conference in Toronto, Canada, on 18 August 2006.66
Technical NotesTechnical Note 1Calculating the Human Development Indexdisaggregated by Provinces and RegionsOne of the innovations of Mozambique’s National HumanDevelopment Report (NHDR) is the presentation of the HumanDevelopment Index (HDI) disaggregated by provinces andregions. A fundamental step for this innovation is the disaggregationof the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by provinces andregions at both current prices and constant prices.This technical note describes in terms of national accountsthe methodology used to break down the Gross Value Added(GVA) from 2000 to 2005 by provinces and regions and howthis indicator is adjusted to arrive at the concept of the GDP. Thematerial takes up and updates the methodologies for disaggregatingthe national GVA by provinces and regions described inthe previous NHDRs.Principles and Methods of RegionalisationThis section explores the general principles used in disaggregatingthe GDP produced by the INE’s Department of NationalAccounts by provinces and regions. Thus we start by definingthe concept of Regional Accounts and regional territory, andthen establish rules for the provincial/regional breakdown ofthe GDP.In an initial approach, the regional/provincial accountsconsist of the regionalised registration of operations concerningthe flow of goods and services between the residents of aregion/province, and make possible the construction of a seriesof macro-economic indicators that facilitate comparisons ofstructure and evolving analyses of different regions. Thus eachregion is treated as a specific economic entity. However, thisundertaking runs into some serious conceptual obstacles, particularlythe fact that the regional territory is not a “closed area”from the point of view of its economy; that is, the completedescription of the economy of each region/province cannot beobtained with the same depth or breadth as a national economy,given the multiplicity of statistical restrictions on deeper knowledgeof regional or provincial activities.Like the national accounts, the regional accounts are governedby the principle of residency, according to which eacheconomic or productive unit is allocated to a particular economicterritory in relation to which it has a centre of economicinterest. Thus the application of the principle of residency, as ageneral principle, in the regional/provincial accounts by area ofactivity means that the Gross Value Added should be allocatedwhere the production unit resides. In the case of households,since they are single-region institutional units, it is consideredthat their centre of economic interest is in the region where themajority of their activities take place, which corresponds to theregion where they live, but not necessarily the region where theywork.Delimiting the regional economy rests on the functionalperspective, that is, the technical economic unit of reference isthe establishment whose activity in the region where it is locatedit is intended to capture. Since the establishment is the unitwhich best represents regional activity, it is also here that onefinds the greatest constraints on constructing an accounting systemidentical to that used for the national accounts, since theestablishment, unlike the company, does not possess legal status,and has no autonomous accounting. This fact makes it difficultto individualise an important part of the flows supportingthe production of regional accounts (IGBE, 1999).Methods of RegionalisationThe regionalisation of operations varies since it is determinedby the type of data available, and on the organisation of theNational Statistical System itself. According to IBG (1999) andEurostat (1995), in general there are three methods of regionalisation:• The Ascending Method, which presupposes the collectionand treatment of the elementary statistical units, taking intoconsideration local level units of economic activity (establishments)and institutional units (households and publicadministrations) and gradually adding them together untilreaching the desired regional level. This method, although itensures the use of statistical data strictly linked to the variablesthat it is intended to measure at regional level, doesnot guarantee a priori consistency with national figures.• The Descending Method consists of disaggregation of thenational product on the basis of a regional indicator resultingin the use of apportioning units, i.e. it functions by ref-67
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Preface“Mozambican men and women:
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Forewordby the UN Resident Coordina
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ContentsPrefaceForewordContentsList
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Mozambique National Human Developme
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6Mozambique National Human Developm
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Page 28 and 29: Mozambique National Human Developme
Page 42 and 43: 30Mozambique National Human Develop
Page 48: Mozambique National Human Developme
Page 51 and 52: The General Threat posed by HIV and
Page 53 and 54: The General Threat posed by HIV and
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 7National Strategies agains
Page 57 and 58: National Strategies against the Spr
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 8Planning for the Future: T
Page 71 and 72: Planning for the Future: The Window
Page 77: Planning for the Future: The Window
Page 81 and 82: Technical NotesConclusionsIn this w
Page 83 and 84: Technical Notesmaximum and minimum
Page 85 and 86: References and BibliographyADEPESE
Page 87: Statistical Annex75
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