The Health bulletin [serial] - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

10 The Health Bulletin December, 1951ing of lay personnel or others detailedto assist with this work.MilkIt is recognized that there is a definiteneed for the preparation of aplan of action that can be followed byState and Local Civil Defense Organizationsin developing a program ofwar-time civil defense as it relates tomilk supplies. This plan should embracethe following areas of action:1. Diversion of raw milk supply fromwar-time disaster areas to previovLslydesignated processing plants outsidethe target area and the distribution ofthe processed milk or milk productwhere needed.2. Resumption of operations by undamagedplants in target areas and therehabilitation of practically undamagedplants.3. Training of auxilary milk sanitationpersonnel and key milk processingplant personnel in methods of emergencyoperation.4. Alternate methods for the treatmentof raw milk in the event thatpasteurization of the majority of thepublic supply is not possible.5. Development of emergency standardscovering the production and theprocessing of milk.6. Education of the general public inthe dangers of consuming raw milk andin the methods for the home treatmentof such milk.7. Substitution in disaster areas andin likely target areas of powdered, condensedand evaporated milk would improvemilk supply.8. Research on emergency methodsfor the treatment and preservation ofmilk, methods for the de-contaminationof milk and milk products, includingcanned and packed products,and on the de-contamination of milkequipment.FoodThe importance of food sanitation toCivil Defense Health Services must notbe overlooked. The public health responsibilityshould be limited to thesanitation aspect of the problem. Areasin which action is needed to meet theproblem are outlined below:1. Compilation of pertinent informationand statistical data and the analysisand evaluation of such data inorder to arrive at a sound basis for adevelopment of a plan of action anda determination of requirements forpersonnel, equipment, supplies, etc.2. Preparation of a plan for each likelytarget area for the establishment ofmass feeding centers.3. Determination of requirements ofequipment and supplies needed to implementthe plan.4. Selection and training of personnelfrom the restaurant industry and of laypersonnel.5. The maintenance of adequate foodsanitation staffs in likely target areacities and near-by communities.6. Development of emergency standardscovering the preparation, handling,and serving of food and drink in disasterareas.7. Education of the general public inemergency methods to be followed inthe home for the preparation, preservation,storage, and use of foods underemergency conditions.HousingIn the establishment of emergencyhousing facilities by other units of theCivil Defense Organization, the healthdepartment would certainly be expectedto establish the standards of sanitationto be applied to such housing orshelter areas. The enforcement or applicationof any such standards establishedwould, no doubt, fall upon thelocal health authorities as one of theirlocal responsibilities. The coordinationof this activity through the SanitaryEngineering Division would be includedin our program of assistance or aid.Referring again to training, the needfor the provision of special trainingfor Civil Defense workers in allbranches of activity relating to healthand sanitation should by now be recognized.In connection with the trainingof sanitarians and lay personneland in connection with Civil Defense