only 16 years of the WWC (Women’s World Cup), the number of national teamsparticipat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the prelim<strong>in</strong>ary rounds of the tournament has grown from 45 to 119. 17Figure 1. Worldwide Female ParticipationSpecifically for Europe, currently, there are around 6.5 million females who play football <strong>in</strong>UEFA-member countries. 18 Perhaps as women’s football ga<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g legitimacy, the factthat UEFA is third <strong>in</strong> percentage of female participants is also a driv<strong>in</strong>g factor for UEFA’s<strong>in</strong>creased <strong>in</strong>vestment. The federation with the most female players by far is CONCACAFwith over 10 million <strong>in</strong> 2006, and two of the biggest associations (USA and Canada) <strong>in</strong> termsof participation of females. In addition to that, almost a quarter of all football players <strong>in</strong>CONCACAF are females, the highest ratio of any federation 19 .Also, look<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to the statistics of participation with<strong>in</strong> Europe, it is clear there appearsto be a historical correlation between participation and success on the national stage.Germany has significantly the highest number of female participants, followed by Sweden,Norway, and Denmark 20 . While this has previously been a great advantage, federations suchas England and the Netherlands <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g promotion and organization of women’s footballon an elite level has resulted <strong>in</strong> improved results despite lower numbers of participants 21 .""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""17 <strong>FIFA</strong>, Fact sheet: <strong>FIFA</strong> Women’s World Cup Prelim<strong>in</strong>ary Competition 1991-2007. Zurich, 2007.18 <strong>FIFA</strong> Big Count 2006, 31 May 2007.19 CONMEBOL:12%, OFC:12%, UEFA:10%, AFC: 6%, CAF:3%. Ibid.20 See Appendix 1.21 Ibid.!!""
2.1.3 Increase <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>terest for national competitionsWhile the 1999 Womens’ World Cup f<strong>in</strong>al still holds the record of the largest s<strong>in</strong>gle audiencefor a women’s football game and, <strong>in</strong> fact, of any women’s sport<strong>in</strong>g event, the last f<strong>in</strong>als <strong>in</strong>Ch<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> 2007 were watched by more than 1 million people <strong>in</strong> the stadia, a new record ofcumulative attendance. 22 The German national team was received by a crowd of more than15,000 people <strong>in</strong> Frankfurt on their return from w<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g the tournament <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>a. 23 While itsofficial form has only existed s<strong>in</strong>ce 1990, the European Championship has also developedrapidly. The 2005 UEFA Women’s Euro achieved record attendances and televisionaudiences <strong>in</strong> England. 24 Then <strong>in</strong> 2009, the tournament hosted <strong>in</strong> F<strong>in</strong>land, ga<strong>in</strong>ed nationalheadl<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong> numerous countries, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g Germany, the Netherlands, and England. Head<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>to 2013, its popularity cont<strong>in</strong>ues to rise with two countries seriously compet<strong>in</strong>g to host. Anormal procedure for men’s football, it was a first for the women’s game <strong>in</strong> Europe. 25"On the club side, it is even more recent that competitions have garnered nationalmedia attention. In June 2010, the DFB Cup f<strong>in</strong>al, Jena versus FCR Duisburg, which wasplayed as a separate event from the men’s f<strong>in</strong>al for the first time, was seen <strong>in</strong> front of aEuropean-record break<strong>in</strong>g 26,282 fans. 26 And the <strong>in</strong>augural UEFA Women’s ChampionsLeague f<strong>in</strong>al on May 20th, 2010 was watched by over 4 million people watch<strong>in</strong>g on TV, 27with UEFA-president Michel Plat<strong>in</strong>i hand<strong>in</strong>g over the newly designed trophy to w<strong>in</strong>ners1.FFC Turb<strong>in</strong>e Potsdam of Germany after a tense penalty shoot-out. 282.1.4 International organizations and Women’s <strong>Football</strong><strong>FIFA</strong> President Blatter’s statement “The future of football is fem<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>e” highlighted a majorshift <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>stitutional view of women’s football. As mentioned previously, the history of""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""22 <strong>FIFA</strong> Germany set the record straight [WWW]. Available from:http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensworldcup/ch<strong>in</strong>a2007/overview.html [Accessed 24/06/2010].23 Hellmann, Frank. (2007) Spiegel Sport Fußball-WM der Frauen [WWW]. Available from:http://www.spiegel.de/sport/fussball/0,1518,508977,00.html [Accessed 05/06/2010].24 Ward, B. (2005) FA triumph at <strong>Women's</strong> EURO [WWW]. Available from:http://en.uefa.com/memberassociations/association=none/news/newsid=310137.html [Accessed 24/06/2010].25 UEFA (2009) Union of European <strong>Football</strong> Associations [WWW]. Available from:http://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/<strong>in</strong>dex.html [Accessed 24/06/2010].26 DFB Deutscher Fußball-Bund e.V. - DFB-Pokal 2009/2010 [WWW]. Available from:http://www.dfb.de/<strong>in</strong>dex.php?id=510029&no_cache=1&action=showSchema&lang=D&liga=dfbpokf&saison=09&saisonl=2009&spieltag=6&spielid=481&cHash=d06a8adae4 [Accessed 22/06/2010].27 Weis, M. (May 2010) Frauen Champions-League verfehlt Topwerte [WWW]. Available from:http://www.quotenmeter.de/cms/?p1=n&p2=42111&p3= [Accessed 20/06/2010].28 UEFA Potsdam celebrate start of new era [WWW]. Available from:http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/history/season=2010/<strong>in</strong>dex.html [Accessed 23/06/2010].!#"
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