5.7 Lack of expertise and <strong>in</strong>ter-club communication55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:8"5.8 Huge discrepancy between the top and bottom 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:!"5.10 Grassroots, community and schools555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:#"Chapter 6: Recommendations 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:$"6.1 Enhanced use of the Market<strong>in</strong>g-mix55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:$"6.1.1 Product: Differentiation and development of new market<strong>in</strong>g concepts555555555555555555555:$"6.1.2 Price: Develop pric<strong>in</strong>g strategy555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:$"6.1.3 Place: F<strong>in</strong>d attractive and accessible venues55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:%"6.1.4 Promotion: Implement endorsement and advertis<strong>in</strong>g campaigns555555555555555555555555555555555:%"6.2 Utilise new media as young and cost effective tool 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:9"6.3 Diversification of revenue streams: 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:9"6.3.1 Offer holiday camps 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:9"6.3.2 Improve match day experience 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555::"6.3.3 Develop merchandise range555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555::"6.4 Knowledge and resource shar<strong>in</strong>g:5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:;"6.4.1 Establish <strong>in</strong>formation exchange on a national and <strong>in</strong>ternational level 5555555555555555555555555555:;"6.4.2 Share resources555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:;"6.4.3 Organise sem<strong>in</strong>ars on management competencies 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:;"6.5 Organisation between clubs on national and <strong>in</strong>ternational level: Club Association5555555:6"6.6 Public - private partnerships55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:6"Chapter 7: F<strong>in</strong>al Thoughts555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555:7"40?,()'@ 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555;!"A))+/14B"!"C"D.DA"2=",(/P4/?G"L"&2F2>(*4I+"&>2="&0+JJ434+/*"#88:L#8!8 555;7"A))+/14B"$"C"./4*4(>"30/*(3*"+F(4>"*0"AGG034(*40/G"(/1"&>2=G55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555568"A))+/14B"$5!"C"K(F)>+"Q2+G*40//(4,+"*0"&>2=G-555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555556!"";"
!"#$%&'()*(+,%'-./0%1-,(1.1 “The future of football is fem<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>e” 1As early as the 1990s, Joseph Blatter, now President of <strong>FIFA</strong> (Federation Internationale de<strong>Football</strong> Association), declared that the def<strong>in</strong>itive next doma<strong>in</strong> of football’s development wasto challenge the gender divide. Follow<strong>in</strong>g the success of the 1999 Women’s World Cup <strong>in</strong> theUSA, where the f<strong>in</strong>al sold out the over 90 000 seat stadium, the Rose Bowl <strong>in</strong> California, anda cumulative television audience of over 40 million viewers 2 , the future for women’s footballdid <strong>in</strong>deed seem bright. However, the reality of grow<strong>in</strong>g an emerg<strong>in</strong>g sport around the globehas come with its challenges. From fight<strong>in</strong>g for space with exist<strong>in</strong>g sports, to limitedbroadcast and sponsorship opportunities, to <strong>in</strong>stitutional barriers, and failed professionalleagues, women’s football has had its fair share of challenges. The journey to produce adef<strong>in</strong>itive career opportunity for aspir<strong>in</strong>g female footballers, and to translate <strong>FIFA</strong> World Cup<strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong>to club success has proved difficult.However, recent developments such as the WPS (Women’s Professional Soccer) <strong>in</strong>the USA, which has successfully run s<strong>in</strong>ce 2009, and the <strong>in</strong>augural 2009-2010 UEFA (Unionof European <strong>Football</strong> Associations) Women’s Champions League reflects progress at a clublevel. In addition, there are national leagues <strong>in</strong> most UEFA countries and even develop<strong>in</strong>gcountries around the world are <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly runn<strong>in</strong>g women’s football leagues 3 . Hence, it canbe seen that despite the challenges that women’s football has faced there is still a generalupward trend. With these developments, there has been a move towards professionalism,however the path towards a clear understand<strong>in</strong>g of what it entails to be a professional womenfootballer, and the benchmarks of a professional women’s club are still unclear.As a result, this research project is aimed at profil<strong>in</strong>g top European women’s clubs <strong>in</strong>the context of their leagues <strong>in</strong> order to identify best practices, <strong>in</strong> particular regard<strong>in</strong>gmanagement and adm<strong>in</strong>istration, and to map the progress to professionalism. FromScand<strong>in</strong>avia to the Netherlands, Germany, France and England, a cross section of some of the""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""1 Joseph Blatter, <strong>FIFA</strong> President, <strong>in</strong> a public address at the 1995 Women`s World Cup <strong>in</strong> Sweden.2<strong>FIFA</strong> (n.d) Women’s World Cup USA 1999 Tournament Archive [WWW]. Available from:http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/tournament=103/edition=4644/overview.html [Accessed 01/05/2010].3 Tatjana Haenni, Head of Women’s Competitions, <strong>FIFA</strong>, <strong>in</strong>terview by Natalie Smith, tape record<strong>in</strong>g, 3 June,2010, <strong>FIFA</strong> Headquarters, Zurich, Switzerland."6"
- Page 3: AcknowledgementsThe FIFA Master has
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growing healthy relationship betwee
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Without taking anything away from t
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Chapter 6: RecommendationsThe follo
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values could be utilised by compani
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