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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSsceptre ; in the field 1. a crested helmet(slightly double-struck).British Museum. Unique. Silver Aeginetic Stater, 12 grammes.W. Wroth, Num. Chr., 1902, pp. 12 f. PI. xvi. 4.On his third expedition to Peloponnesus (367B.C.), Epaminondas forced the Achaeans to admitthe Theban hegemony. He was judicious enoughto respect the aristocratic constitution of the cities.But it was not long before the extreme democraticparty in Thebes, egged on by the Arcadians, procuredthe despatch to the Achaean cities of Thebanharmosts, who expelled the aristocrats and establisheddemocracies everywhere. The new regimewas, however, short-lived. The exiles found theirway back, and Achaea went over to the anti-Thebanside. Soon afterwards the majority of the Arcadiansthemselves broke with Thebes. Thus at the timeof the battle of Mantineia we find the Achaeansassociated with the Arcadians,Eleans, and Phleiasiansin an alliance with Athens. 1To this period of close association with theArcadians we are justifiedin ascribing the uniquestater described above. In style it at once recallsthe fine large coins struck by Arcadian cities suchas Pheneus and Stymphalus, by the ArcadianKOLVOV at Megalopolis (above, No. 37),and byMessene, shortly after the battle of Leuctra. Apartfrom the general stylistic resemblance, note sucha coincidence as the peculiar shape of earring1The inscription of the year of Molon (362-361) probably records analliance made after the battle in practically the same terms as the agreementwhich had precededit. See Hicks, Ok. Hist. Inter. 2 ,119.74
HISTORICAL GREEK COINScommon to the Achaean coin with those of Stymphalus.Before the discovery of this didrachm, the smallerdenominations of the same group (on which thepeculiarities of style were less patent) were attributedto Achaea Phthiotis in Thessaly. The reasonsfor that attribution seemed sound ; but they haveall been upset by this didrachm, the Peloponnesiancharacter of which isbeyondall doubt.Aegium was the chief city of the Achaean League,the meetings being held in the grove of Amarium,under the protection of Zeus Amarios and AthenaAmaria. It is probable, therefore, as Wroth suggests,that this coin was struck at Aegium, andthat the Zeus of the reverse is Zeus Amarios, whoappears on the coins of the later league. There isnothing that enables us to identify the goddess ornymph who is depicted with so much originalityand grace on the obverse. Possibly the figure ofAthena charging with spear and shield, which isfound on the smaller denominations, representsAthena Amaria. A somewhat similar Athenais found on the coins of Patrae of the period146-132 B.C. 1 The helmet on the reverse of ourstater isprobably a mint -mark or money er'ssymbol.1B. M. C. Peloponnesus, p. 23, PL v. 8.75
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ICOooCDTOlMn%Il&SfieKBJfeiMft
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PREFACEmark the course of the rise
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PREFACEvery summarily explained in
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSObol : a divi
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USEDINTHE TEX
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPAOE31. The F
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LIST OF PLATESAT PAGEPLATE I. Nos.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSin the Tmolus
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe letters A
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreceived any
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSTHE THALASSOC
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSrepresented b
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSof literary e
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe weight of
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSto Athens it
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSCROESUS, KING
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSand silver. H
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSimported from
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPythagoras hi
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eally meant for a sickle. It does n
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HISTOKICAL GREEK COINSmeasure, alth
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Page 89 and 90: HISTORICAL GREEK COINScoinage. For
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Page 98 and 99: HISTORICAL GREEK COINSBibliotheque
Page 100 and 101: HISTORICAL GREEK COINStion of the K
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Page 125: Nos. 45-53-PLATE VI.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthis general
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreproducing t
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe horn and
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINShead ;her spe
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSCaes(ares), w
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSIt is general
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINScrowned with
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSANTIGONUS GON
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSTHE FOUNDATIO
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Nos. 74-79.PLATE X.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPhilip and to
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe Cretan co
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HISTOKICAL GREEK COINSBritish Museu
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSto Heracles.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe oil made
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSand diademed
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSwith r.placin
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINStreasure to a
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pp. 141 ff. 149HISTORICAL GREEK COI
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe types of
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSperiod is eas
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreason to sup
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSZeus holding
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Nos. 8793.PLATE XII.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSof the earlie
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSsome of his o
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSking carved l
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSfirst with th
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSquod clarissi
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSabandoning Br
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INDEXUnder certain headings (which
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INDEXCADMUS, son of Scythes of Zanc
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Egypt, no early coinage in, 15 ;see
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Lycus, invention of coinage attribu
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Priene and Orpph ernes, 145 f.Priva
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INDEXWreath: Antioch,163 ; Gortyna,
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