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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSTHE ARCADIANS OCCUPY OLYMPIA365-364 B.C.39. Obv. Head of Zeus, laureate.Rev. PI A Three half-thunderbolts.Berlin Museum. Gold Trihemiobol, 1 '55 grammes. P. Gardner, Num.Chr., 1879, p. 247 f., PL xiv. 7 ; Weil, Z.f. N., xxii. p. 10.40. Obv. FAAEION Head of Zeus L, laureate.Rev. OAYMPIA Head of Olympia r., hair insling.British Museum. Silver Aeginetic Stater, 10 -34 grammes.B. M. C. Peloponnesus, p. 66, No. 71, and p. xxxvii.P. Gardner,The only coins with thename of Pisa, the littlecommunity which had once enjoyed the right ofconducting the Olympian games, but had beendestroyed by the Eleans, are small gold piecesof1 obols (as No. 39) and 1 obol. In style theybelong to the first half of the fourth century. Therecan be little doubt, therefore, that they were struckduring the brief period of the revival of the rightsof Pisa. 1In 365 the Arcadians seized the festival-place,and expelled the Eleans ;the presidencyfor the104th Olympiad was placed in the hands of thedescendants of the original Pisatans. During thefestival a fight took placein the Altis, in whichthe Arcadians, supported by the Argives andAthenians, held their own against the Eleans.Peace was restored in 363 B.C.1Xen., Hetten., vii. 4, 14-35. Another document of this period is theproxenia-decree of the Pisatans in honour of two Sicyoniang (Hicks,Ok. Hist. Insert, 115). Cp. also Weil, op. cit., p. 6, n. 1.7 6
HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThese gold coins were probably struck out of thetreasures of the temple, which we know was robbedfor the purpose of paying the troops. 1The obversetype of both is the head of the Zeus of Olympia on;the reverse the obol has a single thunderbolt, thetrihemiobol three half-thunderbolts. The reversetypes are thus made to indicate the denominationin a rough-and-ready way.To the claim of the Pisatans to issue coins aspresidents of the festival, the Eleans, on their returnto power, seem to have retorted by striking coinsof the kind represented by No. 40. Here, notfor the first time, it is true, but contrary to thegeneral rule, the ethnic of the Eleans appearsin full. What is more, it is associated with thehead of the chief god of the sanctuary. Andthe placing of the nymph Olympia, legibly labelled,on the reverse expresses the claim of the Eleansto dominate the festival-place of which she is thepersonification. It should not be forgotten thatthe coinage of the Eleans 2 was especially connectedwith Olympia, and probably had more of the characterof a temple-coinage than any other considerableseries known to us.This fact it was sometimesnecessary to state clearly on the coins themselves,and the presentis a case in point. There existsan earlier coin reading OAYMPIKON, without the1As often happens in the history of Greek coinage, where the ordinaryseries is of silver, in time of stress and necessity a gold coinage appears.It gave less trouble to melt down the temple treasures and strike coinsout of the gold than to realise their value in silver.2 It is not strictly accurate to speak of the coinage of Elis, as if it werea single city state.77
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ICOooCDTOlMn%Il&SfieKBJfeiMft
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PREFACEmark the course of the rise
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PREFACEvery summarily explained in
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSObol : a divi
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USEDINTHE TEX
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPAOE31. The F
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LIST OF PLATESAT PAGEPLATE I. Nos.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSin the Tmolus
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe letters A
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreceived any
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSTHE THALASSOC
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSrepresented b
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSof literary e
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe weight of
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSto Athens it
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSCROESUS, KING
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSand silver. H
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSimported from
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPythagoras hi
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eally meant for a sickle. It does n
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HISTOKICAL GREEK COINSmeasure, alth
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe fj,r)\66p
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Page 125: Nos. 45-53-PLATE VI.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreproducing t
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe horn and
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINShead ;her spe
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSCaes(ares), w
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSIt is general
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINScrowned with
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSANTIGONUS GON
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSTHE FOUNDATIO
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Nos. 74-79.PLATE X.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSPhilip and to
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe Cretan co
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HISTOKICAL GREEK COINSBritish Museu
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSto Heracles.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSthe oil made
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSand diademed
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSwith r.placin
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINStreasure to a
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pp. 141 ff. 149HISTORICAL GREEK COI
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSThe types of
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSperiod is eas
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSreason to sup
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSZeus holding
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Nos. 8793.PLATE XII.
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSof the earlie
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSsome of his o
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSking carved l
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSfirst with th
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSquod clarissi
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HISTORICAL GREEK COINSabandoning Br
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INDEXUnder certain headings (which
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INDEXCADMUS, son of Scythes of Zanc
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Egypt, no early coinage in, 15 ;see
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Lycus, invention of coinage attribu
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Priene and Orpph ernes, 145 f.Priva
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INDEXWreath: Antioch,163 ; Gortyna,
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